Promises to Pay in the Future-A Modest Proposal for Reform

The author examines the law regarding tax treatment of promises to pay in the future and finds it in a state of confusion. After discussing the inequities arising from the differing treatment accorded cash and accrual basis taxpayers the author suggests a number of changes in the tax treatment of installment sales and annuities given in exchange for property. The author also makes suggestions for simplification of the concept of cash equivalenc

Promises to Pay in the Future-A Modest Proposal for Reform

The author examines the law regarding tax treatment of promises to pay in the future and finds it in a state of confusion. After discussing the inequities arising from the differing treatment accorded cash and accrual basis taxpayers the author suggests a number of changes in the tax treatment of installment sales and annuities given in exchange for property. The author also makes suggestions for simplification of the concept of cash equivalenc

Diversity analysis of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm using the CottonSNP63K Array

Cotton germplasm resources contain beneficial alleles that can be exploited to develop germplasm adapted to emerging environmental and climate conditions. Accessions and lines have traditionally been characterized based on phenotypes, but phenotypic profiles are limited by the cost, time, and space required to make visual observations and measurements. With advances in molecular genetic methods, genotypic profiles are increasingly able to identify differences among accessions due to the larger number of genetic markers that can be measured. A combination of both methods would greatly enhance our ability to characterize germplasm resources. Recent efforts have culminated in the identification of sufficient SNP markers to establish high-throughput genotyping systems, such as the CottonSNP63K array, which enables a researcher to efficiently analyze large numbers of SNP markers and obtain highly repeatable results. In the current investigation, we have utilized the SNP array for analyzing genetic diversity primarily among cotton cultivars, making comparisons to SSR-based phylogenetic analyses, and identifying loci associated with seed nutritional traits. (Résumé d'auteur

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead