La tuberculose en Guyane

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocCAYENNE-BU (973022101) / SudocSudocFranceF

SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection: A case of unusual bronchoesophageal fistula

Tuberculosis is a treatable and curable bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that most often affects the lung. Since 2018, it has become the leading cause of death from infectious diseases. Tuberculosis is a public health problem in French Guiana. The majority of reported cases are diagnosed among people coming from neighboring Latin American countries. Since March 2020, French Guiana has been affected, like the rest of the world, by the new infectious disease COVID19 linked to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. We here report a case of COVID19 and pulmonary tuberculosis coinfection. COVID19 pneumonia was the mode of discovery of the tuberculosis. In the present case, the tuberculosis appeared as parenchymal and endobronchial pseudotumoral lesion, which has been complicated by a bronchoesophageal fistula. The evolution of the parenchymal, endobronchial lesion and bronchoesophageal fistula was favorable after two months of anti-tuberculosis treatment

Évaluer c’est mesurer le progrès des élèves

National audienc

Evaluer, c'est mesurer les progrès des élèves

International audienc

Prevalence of intestinal parasite among patients attending two hospitals in French Guiana: A 6-year retrospective study.

IntroductionIntestinal parasitic diseases are a global health problem. Due to its equatorial climate, vast territory with isolated areas and the precariousness of its population, intestinal parasitosis is considered to be a major issue in French Guiana but only few data are available and these mainly focus on specific population. We aimed at determining the parasitic index and at describing the characteristics of these infections in order to develop preventive strategies.Material and methodsWe retrospectively analysed all the parasitological samples recorded in the register of the two main laboratories of French Guiana between 2011 and 2016. The parasitic index was the percentage of parasitised patients in comparison with the total number of subjects studied. A patient who underwent several positive parasitological examinations was considered only once in the analysis at the time of the first sampling.ResultsA total of 15,220 parasitological samples of 9,555 patients were analysed and 2,916 were positive in 1,521 patients. The average infestation rate and parasitic index were 19.2% and 16.0%, respectively. The parasitic index remained stable between 2011 (18.2%) and 2016 (18.3%). The patients were mainly men (66.4%), with a median age of 33.0 years (26.3% of patients were under 18 years of age) and lived mainly in the Central Agglomeration (48.2%) and in West Guiana (37.4%). Hookworms were the most common parasite (25.2%) followed by Entamoeba coli (13.3%), Strongyloides stercoralis (10.9%) and Giardia intestinalis (10.8%). Among the infected patients, 31.0% presented mixed infections and 67.5% of them had at least one pathogenic parasite. The patients aged from 0 to 18 years presented significantly more polyparasitism (30.9%) than monoparasitism (24.3%, pConclusionAlthough it may not be representative of the entire Guyanese population, the parasitic index remained high and stable from 2011 and 2016 and it justifies the need for an active prevention program as it was already done in the other French overseas departments such as Martinique and Guadeloupe

Expansion microscopy provides new insights into the cytoskeleton of malaria parasites including the conservation of a conoid

Malaria is caused by unicellular Plasmodium parasites. Plasmodium relies on diverse microtubule cytoskeletal structures for its reproduction, multiplication, and dissemination. Due to the small size of this parasite, its cytoskeleton has been primarily observable by electron microscopy (EM). Here, we demonstrate that the nanoscale cytoskeleton organisation is within reach using ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM). In developing microgametocytes, U-ExM allows monitoring the dynamic assembly of axonemes and concomitant tubulin polyglutamylation in whole cells. In the invasive merozoite and ookinete forms, U-ExM unveils the diversity across Plasmodium stages and species of the subpellicular microtubule arrays that confer cell rigidity. In ookinetes, we additionally identify an apical tubulin ring (ATR) that colocalises with markers of the conoid in related apicomplexan parasites. This tubulin-containing structure was presumed to be lost in Plasmodium despite its crucial role in motility and invasion in other apicomplexans. Here, U-ExM reveals that a divergent and considerably reduced form of the conoid is actually conserved in Plasmodium species

iU-ExM: nanoscopy of organelles and tissues with iterative ultrastructure expansion microscopy

Abstract Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a highly effective technique for super-resolution fluorescence microscopy that enables imaging of biological samples beyond the diffraction limit with conventional fluorescence microscopes. Despite the development of several enhanced protocols, ExM has not yet demonstrated the ability to achieve the precision of nanoscopy techniques such as Single Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM). Here, to address this limitation, we have developed an iterative ultrastructure expansion microscopy (iU-ExM) approach that achieves SMLM-level resolution. With iU-ExM, it is now possible to visualize the molecular architecture of gold-standard samples, such as the eight-fold symmetry of nuclear pores or the molecular organization of the conoid in Apicomplexa. With its wide-ranging applications, from isolated organelles to cells and tissue, iU-ExM opens new super-resolution avenues for scientists studying biological structures and functions

Classification EUNIS, Système d’information européen sur la nature : Traduction française des habitats benthiques des Régions Atlantique et Méditerranée. Vol. 2. Habitats subtidaux & complexes d’habitats

Ce document est une traduction française que l’on espère transcrire au mieux les descriptions d’habitats de la classification EUNIS. Il vient compléter la traduction en français des habitats terrestres et d’eau douce réalisée par le MNHN‐SPN (Louvel et al., 2013). Il a pour objectif de faciliter l’appropriation de cette typologie par les acteurs concernés (scientifiques, gestionnaires ou bureaux d’études) et favoriser les échanges de connaissance sur la biodiversité des habitats benthiques en cohérence avec ce standard. Il s’agit dans ce document du dictionnaire de la typologie EUNIS dans sa version 2007, revue en 2012 pour des modifications des codes de la classification paléarctique et ceux de la classification des habitats marins de la Grande Bretagne. A noter que cette description reste identique pour les habitats communs à la version 2004, largement utilisée comme typologie de référence, notamment pour la cartographie d’habitats dans le cadre du Rebent. L’annexe 8.1 liste les modifications des codes et libellés par rapport à cette version. Seuls les habitats benthiques présents ou potentiellement présents en France ont été traduits. La présence en France a été déterminée par consultation des experts du domaine ainsi que des documents de référence (référentiel national, descriptifs EUNIS, Barcelone, Cartes historiques, …)

Classification EUNIS, Système d’information européen sur la nature : Traduction française des habitats benthiques des Régions Atlantique et Méditerranée. Vol. 1. Habitats Littoraux

Ce document est une traduction française que l’on espère transcrire au mieux les descriptions d’habitats de la classification EUNIS. Il vient compléter la traduction en français des habitats terrestres et d’eau douce réalisée par le MNHN‐SPN (Louvel et al., 2013). Il a pour objectif de faciliter l’appropriation de cette typologie par les acteurs concernés (scientifiques, gestionnaires ou bureaux d’études) et favoriser les échanges de connaissance sur la biodiversité des habitats benthiques en cohérence avec ce standard. Il s’agit dans ce document du dictionnaire de la typologie EUNIS dans sa version 2007, revue en 2012 pour des modifications des codes de la classification paléarctique et ceux de la classification des habitats marins de la Grande Bretagne. A noter que cette description reste identique pour les habitats communs à la version 2004, largement utilisée comme typologie de référence, notamment pour la cartographie d’habitats dans le cadre du Rebent. L’annexe 8.1 liste les modifications des codes et libellés par rapport à cette version. Seuls les habitats benthiques présents ou potentiellement présents en France ont été traduits. La présence en France a été déterminée par consultation des experts du domaine ainsi que des documents de référence (référentiel national, descriptifs EUNIS, Barcelone, Cartes historiques, …)