Historique de la psychiatrie de secteur québécoise

Pionnier de la première politique de santé mentale au Québec, demeurée non officielle, l'auteur en trace les suites depuis son adoption en 1962.Pioneer of the first mental health policy in Québec which remained unofficial, the author retraces what followed since its adoption in 1962

Hospital drains as reservoirs of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis genotypes recovered from faucets, sink surfaces and patients

Identifying environmental sources of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) related to hospital-acquired infections represents a key challenge for public health. Biofilms in water systems offer protection and favorable growth conditions, and are prime reservoirs of microorganisms. A comparative genotyping survey assessing the relationship between Pa strains recovered in hospital sink biofilm and isolated in clinical specimens was conducted. Environmental strains from drain, faucet and sink-surface biofilm were recovered by a culture method after an incubation time ranging from 48 to 240 h. The genotyping of 38 environmental and 32 clinical isolates was performed using a multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA). More than one-third of Pa isolates were only cultivable following >/=48 h of incubation, and were predominantly from faucet and sink-surface biofilms. In total, 41/70 strains were grouped within eight genotypes (A to H). Genotype B grouped a clinical and an environmental strain isolated in the same ward, 5 months apart, suggesting this genotype could thrive in both contexts. Genotype E grouped environmental isolates that were highly prevalent throughout the hospital and that required a longer incubation time. The results from the multi-hospital follow-up study support the drain as an important reservoir of Pa dissemination to faucets, sink surfaces and patients. Optimizing the recovery of environmental strains will strengthen epidemiological investigations, facilitate pathway identification, and assist in identifying and controlling the reservoirs potentially associated to hospital-acquired infections

Brachystemma calycinum

Objective. The aim of this randomized placebo-controlled trial was to evaluate the beneficial effect of a whole plant extract of Brachystemma calycinum D. Don (BCD) in naturally occurring osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs. Methods. Dogs had stifle/hip OA and poor limb loading based on the peak of the vertically oriented ground reaction force (PVF) measured using a force platform. At baseline, PVF and case-specific outcome measure of disability (CSOM) were recorded. Dogs (16 per group) were then assigned to receive BCD (200 mg/kg/day) or a placebo. The PVF was measured at week (W) 3 and W6. Locomotor activity was recorded throughout the study duration using collar-mounted accelerometer, and CSOM was assessed biweekly by the owner. Results. BCD-treated dogs had higher PVF at W3 and W6 when compared to Baseline (P<0.001) and at W6 when compared to placebo-treated dogs (P=0.040). Higher daily duration (P=0.024) and intensity (P=0.012) of locomotor activity were observed in BCD-treated dogs compared to baseline. No significant change was observed in either group for CSOM. Conclusions. Treatment with BCD improved the limb impairment and enhanced the locomotor activity in dogs afflicted by naturally-occurring OA. Those preclinical findings provide interesting and new information about the potential of BCD as an OA therapeutic

L’éducation des Canadiens français dans les monographies de localités du Québec, de Léon Gérin à Colette Moreux

Les monographies s’intéressant au devenir des Canadiens français ont amorcé l’analyse et la critique de leur éducation en train de se moderniser au Québec, avant l’essor d’une sociologie de l’éducation. Cet article propose une synthèse des contributions de six ouvrages qui y accordent une place importante dans la représentation du devenir d’une vie économique et communautaire, sur le territoire de localités situées hors des grandes villes de la province et de leurs banlieues. Ces études témoignent de l’époque d’une transition, aux yeux des sociologues, entre le règne d’une tradition et la modernisation du Québec. Jadis, l’éducation des Canadiens français apparaissait davantage comme le fait de familles, de communautés et de milieux de travail que de l’école, ce qui change avec la modernisation décrite dans les monographies, observée jusque dans les localités rurales éloignées. Chacun des auteurs des ouvrages revisités situe le cas des Canadiens français du Québec en marge d’un devenir moderne plus souhaitable, notamment en matière d’éducation.Before the rise of a sociology of education, monographs focusing on the future of French Canadians have begun to analyze and critique their modernizing education in Quebec. This article presents a summary of the contributions of six books that give it an important place in the representation of the evolution of local economic and community life located outside the major cities of the province and their suburbs. These studies bear witness to the era of a transition, in the eyes of sociologists, between the reign of a tradition and the modernization of Quebec. In the past, the education of French Canadians took place more within families, communities and workplaces than within the school, which changes with the modernization described in the monographs, even in remote rural communities. Each of the authors places the case of French Canadians from Quebec on the sidelines of a more desirable evolution, particularly in the field of education.Las monografías se interesan por el futuro de los canadienses franceses y lanzan el análisis y la crítica de su educación en vías de modernizarse en Quebec, antes de realizar una contribución al desarrollo de una sociología de la educación. Este artículo propone una síntesis de las contribuciones de seis obras que le asignan un lugar importante a la representación del futuro de la vida económica y comunitaria, sobre el territorio de las localidades situadas fuera de las grandes ciudades de la provincia y de sus alrededores. Según la opinión de los sociólogos, estos estudios dan testimonio de una época en transición entre el reino de la tradición y la modernización de Quebec. Anteriormente, la educación de los canadienses franceses se aprendía en el seno de las familias, las comunidades y en el trabajo, fuera de la escuela, situación que cambiaría con la modernización descripta en las monografías y observada en las localidades rurales alejadas. Cada uno de los autores de las obras presentadas se concentra en el caso de los canadienses franceses de Quebec con la expectativa de alcanzar un futuro más satisfactorio en materia de educación

Lorraine Fontaine / Jacqueline Salmon

Bédard compares the stakes of two projects based on solitary walks in nature and shows their outcome in portraits, rather than in landscapes. Baqué focuses on the fate of motifs in a photographic series by Salmon and half-sculptural/half- photographic installations by Fontaine, while comparing both with notions of quest and wandering, as well as ritual and the preservation of memory. Biobibliographies 7 p