Microstructural and hydrophilic properties of polyethylene terephthalate glycol polymer samples with different 3D printing patterns

The aim of the work is to study the influence of the 3-D printing process with the Hercules Original printer by sequentially applying polymer layers using the FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) method on the microstructural and hydrophilic properties of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) samples with different printing patterns. X-ray phase analysis revealed the presence of a greater ordering of amorphous PETG polymer chains in printed samples, which occurs during thermal and mechanical impact on the initial filamentous sample during 3D printing. This manifests itself in the increase of relative intensity for the main diffraction peak of the amorphous PETG polymer by an order of magnitude for all of the samples with five different print patterns. At the same time, IR spectroscopy data revealed the preservation of all intrastructural chemical bonds of the polymer both in the original thread and in printed samples. Close contact angles of about q≈50° for all printed samples, which is much smaller than the right angle q=90°, show that the surfaces of all five printed PETG samples with different patterns are hydrophili

Excitons and Excitonic Molecules in Mixed Zn(P1−xAsx)2Zn(P_{1-x}As_{x})_{2} Crystals

Low-temperature (1.8 K) excitonic absorption, reflection and photoluminescence spectra of mixed $Zn(P_{1 - x}As_{x})_{2}$ crystals were studied at $x =$0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.05. Energy gap and rydbergs of excitonic B, C and A-series decrease monotonically at the increase of $x$. Spectral half-widths of absorption $n = 1$ lines of B and A-series increase monotonically at the increase of $x$ due to fluctuations of crystal potential. Emission lines of excitonic molecules were observed in photoluminescence spectra of $Zn(P_{1 - x}As_{x})_{2}$ crystals. Binding energy of molecule increases at the increase of $x$ that is due to the decrease of the electron-hole mass ratio.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, paper submitted to Physica B: Condensed Matte

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРОННОГО СТРОЕНИЯ НАНОСЛОЕВ «КРЕМНИЙ–НА–ИЗОЛЯТОРЕ» И ИХ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ С ИЗЛУЧЕНИЕМ НАНОМЕТРОВОГО ДИАПАЗОНА

Structures with strained and unstrained silicon layers were studied by ultrasoft X−ray emission spectroscopy and X−ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy with the use of synchrotron radiation techniques the SOI (silicon−on−insulator). Analysis of X−ray data has shown a noticeable transformation of the electron energy spectrum and local partial density of states distribution in valence and conduc- tion bands in the strained silicon layer of the SOI structure. USXES Si L2,3 spectra analysis revealed a decrease of the distance between the L′2v и L1v points in the valence band of the strained silicon layer as well as a shift of the first two maxima of the XANES first derivation spectra to the higher energies with respect to conduction band bottom Ec. At the same time the X−ray standing waves of synchrotron radiation (λ ~ 12−20 nm) are formed in the silicon−on−insulator structure with and without strains of the silicon layer. Moreover the synchrotron radiation grazing angle θ changing by 2° leads to a change of the electromagnetic field phase to the opposite. Методами ультрамягкой рентгеновской эмиссионной спектроскопии и спектроскопии ближней тонкой структуры края рентгеновского поглощения с использованием синхротронного излучения исследованы структуры КНИ (кремний−на−изоляторе) с растянутым и нерастянутым слоями кремния. Выявлена заметная перестройку электронно−энергетического спектра и локальной парциальной плотности состояний как в валентной зоне, так и в зоне проводимости растянутого слоя кремния структуры КНИ. На основе анализа Si L2,3 спектров USXES показано уменьшение энергетического расстояния между точками L′2v и L1v  в валентной зоне растянутого слоя кремния, в котором наблюдался и сдвиг первых двух максимумов первой производной спектра XANES в сторону больших энергий относительно дна зоны проводимости Ес. Обнаружено, что при этом стоячие рентгеновские волны синхротронного излучения нанометрового диапазона длин волн  (λ ~ 12—20 нм) формируются в структурах кремний−на−изоляторе как с растянутым, так и с нерастянутым нанослоем кремния. Более того, установлено, что изменение угла скольжения синхротронного излучения θ на 2° приводит к смене фазы электромагнитного поля на противоположную.

Bound oxygen influence on the phase composition and electrical properties of semi-insulating silicon films

The purpose of this work is to establish of the bound oxygen effect on the phase composition of the Semi-Insulating Polycrystalline Oxygen-doped Silicon (SIPOS) films by means of three independent methods: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultrasoft X-ray Emission Spectroscopy (USXES) and Raman spectroscopy, also on their electrophysical properties, depending on the relative oxygen content in the gas mixture flow (γ=N2O/SiH4) of the plasma reactor during the chemical vapor deposition of submicron SIPOS layers on monocrystalline silicon wafers. The increase in the oxygen content in SIPOS layers from γ=0 to maximum at γ=0.15 leads to the reduction of Si nanocrystals size from ~75 nm to 2–5 nm, submerged in amorphous matrix. Oxygen is contained in the bound form of silicon-oxygen clusters SiOSi3 type in the amorphous silicon matrix without SiO2 formation. These nonlinear qualitative and quantitative changes in the atomic structure of the SIPOS layers under the influence of bound oxygen increase not only the resistivity of the films by two orders of magnitude but also the activation energy of conductivity in comparison with silicon at the temperatures above room temperature. © 2020 Elsevier LtdRussian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 19-42-363013MD-42.2019.2Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian FederationThe reported study was funded by RFBR and Government of Voronezh region according to the research project № 19-42-363013.The part of work was carried out with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia Federation under the grand No. FZGU-2020-0036 .In part of diagnostics of the structures the work of P.V. Seredin was supported by the RF President's Grants Council (Grant MD-42.2019.2)

Chinese ideographic writing as a picture of the world: theoretical approach

The paper deals with an ideographic writing presented from the standpoint of systems theory, grammatology and semiotics. Ideographic writing is regarded as a natural linguistic semiotic system with its own picture of the world.Ideographic writing as a spacereflects a whole set of writing signs as the ethno-linguistic and cultural reflection of the external physical space of the world and its fixation in the graphic component of the semiosphere as they are perceived by the Chinese ethnic group. Writing as a system focuses on the hierarchical and structural aspects, on establishing its semiographic framework, formation and interpretation models of character components. Ideographic writing as a picture of the world has a semiographic framework that reveals types of knowledge structures that can be seen behind the structure of the characters. The ideographic picture of the world forms a graphic metamodel of Chinese ethno-linguistic semiosphere. Authors propose a graphic metamodel of ideographic writing system based on the semiographic approach. This approach is applied to represent a semiographic framework of the Chinese ideographic writing space, a framework that consists of 540 bushou systematised by Xu Shen in the first Chinese dictionary “Shuo wen jie zi”

On the problem of justification of the term “ethnothesaurus”

The article presents the main provisions of the theory of thesaurus-type dictionaries, gives definitions of the thesaurus, describes the relationship of the thesaurus with the type of writing, considers the main provisions of the Sapir-Whorf theory of l inguistic relativity and their connection with the way of thinking and methods of conceptualizing extra-linguistic reality by representatives of different ethnic cultures. The authors propose the thesaurus of ideographic writing as one of the models of ethnocognitive science and, using the example of the dictionary “Shuo wen jie zi”, substantiate the expediency of using the term “ethnothesaurus”