Non-pharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety in pregnancy, labour and postpartum: A systematic review

Background: The anxiety mothers experience during pregnancy is well known and may have negative consequences for the emotional, psychological, and social development of newborns. Anxiety must therefore be reduced using different strategies. Objective: To determine published non-pharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. Methods: A systematic peer-review of experimental and quasi-experimental studies was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and CINAHL databases. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Spanish version of the PEDro scale. Two researchers participated independently in the data selection and extraction process. Findings: 587 articles were identified, of which 21 met the eligibility criteria. In eleven studies the intervention was performed during pregnancy, in three of them during labour, in four of them during the postpartum period, and in three of them during pregnancy and postpartum. During pregnancy, the most effective interventions were behavioural activation, cognitive behavioural therapy, yoga, music therapy, and relaxation; during childbirth: aromatherapy; during pregnancy and postpartum: antenatal training, massage by partners, and self-guided book reading with professional telephone assistance. Conclusion and Implications: The most effective interventions to reduce anxiety were performed either during pregnancy or during the postpartum period, not during labour. Most of the interventions were performed on the women, with few of them being performed on both partners. Non-pharmacological interventions may be applied by nurses and midwives to reduce anxiety during pregnancy, labour and postpartum

Challenge 2: Advanced Photonics

Coordinators: Miguel Cornelles Soriano, Javier Aizpurua Iriazabal.Photonic technologies provide key enabling components for the future digital transformation. This section includes an in-depth overview of the challenges that advanced photonics faces in the coming years in order to become a truly disruptive technology. Based on the expertise of numerous CSIC researchers, relevant key challenging points are identified, which range from the exploration of novel materials to the deployment of complex networks, including the development of photonic integrated circuits and devices.Peer reviewe

Prevenir para vivir en igualdad

Convocatoria Proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2017/2018Valorando que la familia y la escuela proporcionan modelos de conducta que se mantienen no solo durante la infancia si no también en la edad adulta, y observando que aún hay matices que pueden mejorarse en la coeducación de los diferentes sexos, se describe un proyecto llevado a cabo en el CEIP De Prácticas (Cáceres) que englobaba una serie de actividades que tenían como objetivos principales: reconocer las diferencias de sexo, aceptándolas y convirtiéndolas en algo positivo; incentivar las relaciones sociales de los alumnos desechando prejuicios que lleven a la exclusión social; desarrollar prácticas educativas que lleven a identificar estereotipos sexistas de la comunidad escolar y de la sociedad; promover una convivencia pacífica encaminada a la igualdad entre ambos sexos y a la prevención de la violencia; implicar a la comunidad educativa en una educación basada en la igualdad; inculcar el ámbito de la igualdad en todas las áreas curriculares posibles; facilitar instrumentos y materiales de apoyo a las familias que garanticen condiciones de igualdad en la participación en el ámbito educativo; modificar el sentido de la autoestima de los alumnos en la escuela, en la familia y en el entorno y educar en la empatíaExtremaduraES

Guía de Terapéutica Antimicrobiana del Área Aljarafe, 3ª edición

Coordinadora: Rocío Fernández Urrusuno. Co-coordinadora: Carmen Serrano Martino.YesEstas guías son un recurso indispensable en los Programas de Optimización de Antibióticos (PROA). No sólo constituyen una herramienta de ayuda para la toma de decisiones en los principales síndromes infecciosos, proporcionando recomendaciones para el abordaje empírico de dichos procesos, sino que son el patrón/estándar de referencia que permitirá determinar la calidad o adecuación de los tratamientos realizados. Las guías pueden ser utilizadas, además, como herramienta de base para la formación y actualización en antibioterapia, ya que permiten mantener actualizados los conocimientos sobre las nuevas evidencias en el abordaje de las infecciones. Por último, deberían incorporar herramientas que faciliten el proceso de toma de decisiones compartidas con el paciente. El objetivo de esta guía es proporcionar recomendaciones para el abordaje de las enfermedades infecciosas más prevalentes en la comunidad, basadas en las últimas evidencias disponibles y los datos de resistencias de los principales patógenos que contribuyan a mejorar la calidad de la prescripción de antimicrobianos

Contemporary use of cefazolin for MSSA infective endocarditis: analysis of a national prospective cohort

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the real use of cefazolin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis (IE) in the Spanish National Endocarditis Database (GAMES) and to compare it with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP). Methods: Prospective cohort study with retrospective analysis of a cohort of MSSA IE treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Outcomes assessed were relapse; intra-hospital, overall, and endocarditis-related mortality; and adverse events. Risk of renal toxicity with each treatment was evaluated separately. Results: We included 631 IE episodes caused by MSSA treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Antibiotic treatment was cloxacillin, cefazolin, or both in 537 (85%), 57 (9%), and 37 (6%) episodes, respectively. Patients treated with cefazolin had significantly higher rates of comorbidities (median Charlson Index 7, P <0.01) and previous renal failure (57.9%, P <0.01). Patients treated with cloxacillin presented higher rates of septic shock (25%, P = 0.033) and new-onset or worsening renal failure (47.3%, P = 0.024) with significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (38.5%, P = 0.017). One-year IE-related mortality and rate of relapses were similar between treatment groups. None of the treatments were identified as risk or protective factors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cefazolin is a valuable option for the treatment of MSSA IE, without differences in 1-year mortality or relapses compared with cloxacillin, and might be considered equally effective