On Getting Along and Getting Ahead: How Personality Affects Social Network Dynamics

Hoe gaan mensen met elkaar om binnen organisaties? In dit proefschrift wordt onderzocht hoe persoonlijkheid en interpersoonlijke waarnemingen de dynamiek van sociale netwerken beïnvloeden. Hierin worden twee studies gepresenteerd die ons begrip over het ontstaan van vriendschap binnen organisaties vergrooten. Het eerste onderzoek bestudeert hoe de persoonlijkheidskenmerk ‘proactive persoonlijkheid" – het vermogen van een individu om zichzelf of haar / zijn omgeving te veranderen (Bateman & Crant, 1993) – bijdraagt aan de vorming van de perceptie van competentie en vriendschap binnen teams. Het tweede onderzoek bestudeert hoe de Five Factor persoonlijkheidskenmerken bijdragen aan de dynamiek van vriendschaps- en conflictnetwerken, alsmede hoe vriendschap en conflict elkaar beïnvloeden.How people get along and get ahead socially within the organizations? This dissertation studies the role of personality and interpersonal perceptions in social network dynamics. It presents two studies that advance our understanding on how friendship unfolds within the organizations. The first study looks into how proactive personality - individuals’ inclination to shape their environment and foster change - contributes to the formation of perceptions of competence and friendship in teams. The second study looks into how Five Factor personality traits add to dynamics of friendship and conflict networks and looks into how friendship and conflict mutually influence each other

Some features of the causal links in different cultures

This article touches upon the problem of the meaning of causation and its role in forming and functioning of linguistic and cultural map of the world. The author comes to the conclusion, that in a process of consideration of problems concerned with methods of causal connection organization some specific national features of different nations' relations to some categories, like cause and effect are exposed. The knowledge of the reasons of different events and phenomena occurring in a society assists in a much more successful realization of multicultural communication

Optical echo in photonic crystals

The dynamics of photonic wavepacket in the effective oscillator potential is studied. The oscillator potential is constructed on a base of one dimensional photonic crystal with a period of unit cell adiabatically varied in space. The structure has a locally equidistant discrete spectrum. This leads to an echo effect, i.e. the periodical reconstruction of the packet shape. The effect can be observed in a nonlinear response of the system. Numerical estimations for porous-silicon based structures are presented for femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser pump.Comment: 4 page

THE ROLE OF POLITICAL NETWORKS IN THE SYSTEM OF ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS MADE BY AUTHORITIES OF THE REGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Problems of preparation of execution and control of execution of administrative decisions in the conditions of the changing practice of public administration are considered. The changes are caused by growth of activity of civil society, digitalization in the sphere of public administration. For the purpose of increase in efficiency of the decisions made at the regional level it is necessary to build political networks with the actors interested in result of these decisions putting their resourcefulness as one of the main selection conditions of effectiveness. At growth of the political networks increasing quality of acceptance and execution of the state decisions at the regional level it is necessary to consider their restrictions. For the purpose of maintenance of their working capacity it is necessary to provide rotation of actors

Breeding behavior and pup development of the Caspian seal, Pusa caspica

The Caspian seal, Pusa caspica, is an ice-breeding phocid endemic to the Caspian Sea. The breeding behavior of this species is poorly documented. Here, we report behavioral observations of 518 mother-pup pairs and 210 lone pups, made from the bridge of icebreakers traversing seal breeding grounds while servicing oil installations in the northeastern Caspian Sea, during 34 trips from late January to early March, 2006-2012. The breeding habitat of Caspian seals is land-fast or drift ice, usually at least 20 cm thick, overlying water 3–5 m deep. Pregnant females formed pairs or small groups. They were not observed to use lairs, but preferentially pupped beside ice ridges or ice-slab piles that afforded shelter to pups. In years when there were few natural leads into the ice-field, females often gave birth on the edge of artificial leads formed by shipping channels. Pups were categorized into stages from newborn (1), white-coat (2), molting (3), and molted (4), with Stage 3 and 4 pups appearing from mid to late February. The nursing period lasted at least 3 weeks and neighboring mother-pup pairs appeared to be mutually tolerant. Mothers left their pups alone or at nursery sites, presumably to forage. Most white-coat pups moved over the ice while avoiding water in response to disturbance from vessels. Mother-pup pairs maintained contact while moving across the ice by a combination of the pup’s following response and diligent chaperoning by the mother. During disturbances some lone pups sought refuge in shelters under ice slabs, whereas others followed a neighboring mother-pup pair away from the vessel. Male-female pairing occurred in late season with no male-male competition observed on the ice. While breeding and pup rearing behavior of Caspian seals has some features in common with that of other Holarctic seals, it is largely distinct and adapted to the unique conditions of the Caspian environment, in particular the paucity of snow cover on the ice

The Interaction between Personality, Social Network Position and Involvement in Innovation Process

Abstract This dissertation proposal investigates how personality and individuals’ social network position affect individuals’ involvement into the innovation process. It posits that people would feel inclined to become involved into the different phases of the innovation process depending on their Big Five personality traits. Additionally, this research elaborates on personality antecedents of social relationships and network structure. Furthermore, it accounts for the dynamic relationship between stages in innovation process and social network structure. Finally, it posits that there is potentially a mismatch between social network structure in different stages of the innovation process, and that this mismatch is caused by individuals’ personality. The suggested conceptual framework contributes to the innovation literature by enriching our understanding of why people create markedly different patterns of social ties in the workplace and how this tie formation process and personality influence innovation process. An empirical study aimed at testing the suggested propositions is suggested

CHANGING SCHOOL-BASED ANXIETY DURING PHYSICAL EDUCATION, TAKING THE INDIVIDUAL TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH INTO ACCOUNT

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to identify changes in school-based anxiety in children aged 12 – 13 during their physical education using a special Program for the individual typological approach implementation. Methodology: Two groups had been formed: reference and experimental (25 people each); three methods were used (Method for studying individual typological peculiarities of middle-school children by A. Belov, Method of Kondash's anxiety scale (1973), and Method of identifying general physical education of students); diagnostic testing of physical fitness was conducted (long jump from the spot; lifting the body in 30 sec. (press); push-up (girls); pulling up on the crossbar (boys); running 30 meters, shuttle running 3x10; bending forward from a sitting position). Main Findings: The results of the study have been statistically processed with Excel 2000 and STATISTICA 8.0, using the Student's t-test for dependent and independent samples. The M average has been found; the differences have been considered significant at p < 0.05. Applications of this study: The Program for the individual typological approach implementation has been compiled with an emphasis on reducing school-based anxiety in children aged 12 – 13; its features, objectives, indicators, criteria, content, and forms of implementation have been substantiated; a set of general physical exercises has been developed for each type of temperament, which includes the exercises for some groups of muscles of the upper shoulder girdle, back muscles, abdomen, and hips. Novelty/Originality of this study: The significant improvement in the physical fitness of students from the experimental group compared to the reference one identified during the term proves the efficiency of the implemented physical education program, taking into account the individual typological approach to the personality of adolescents with an emphasis on reducing their school-based anxiety. The results of the study have allowed formulating recommendations for improving the approaches to conducting physical education classes

Borrmann Effect in Photonic Crystals: Nonlinear Optical Consequences

Nonlinear-optical manifestations of the Borrmann effect that are consequences of the spectral dependence of the spatial distributions of the electromagnetic field in a structure are observed in one-dimensional photonic crystals. The spectrum of the light self-focusing effect corresponding to the propagation-matrix calculations has been measured near the edge of the photonic gap.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, published in russian at Pis'ma v Zhurnal Eksperimental'noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki, 2008, Vol. 87, No. 8, pp. 461-46

In respect to quality control improvement of forensic expert activity

The forensic experts of the regions of the Russian Federation were interviewed. The topics were the issue of assessment standardization, the quality control of the forensic experts' activity and the readiness to work in conditions of the routine monitoring. The conclusions about the opportunities of the forensic activity optimization were made.Проанализировано мнение врачей судебно-медицинских экспертов регионов Российской Федерации о проблеме унификации оценки качества судебно-медицинской экспертной деятельности, особенностях контроля качества и готовности к работе в условиях системного мониторингового контроля; сделаны выводы о возможности оптимизации деятельности судебно-медицинской службы

Beer classification based on the array of solid-contact Potentiometric sensors with thiacalixarene receptors

Potentiometric sensors based on carbon electrodes made by screen-printing and glassy carbon electrodes covered with electropolymerized polyaniline and thiacalix[4]arene receptors have been developed for discrimination of various beer brands using three sensors. The prediction was 100% true according to principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc