In-doped gallium oxide micro- and nanostructures: morphology, structure, and luminescence properties

The influence of indium doping on morphology, structural, and luminescence properties of gallium oxide micro- and nanostructures is reported. Indium-doped gallium oxide micro- and nanostructures have been grown by thermal oxidation of metallic gallium in the presence of indium oxide. The dominant morphologies are beltlike structures, which in many cases are twisted leading to springlike structures, showing that In diffusion in Ga2O3 influences the microstructure shapes. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy has revealed the presence of twins in the belts, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has detected a segregation of indium impurities at the edges of planar structures. These results suggest that indium plays a major role in the observed morphologies and support the assumption of a layer by layer model as growth mechanism. An additional assessment of indium influence on the defect structure has been performed by cathodoluminescence in the SEM, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, and spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy

Certainties and Uncertainties of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Athletes

Prolonged and intensive exercise induces remodeling of all four cardiac chambers, a physiological process which is coined as the “athlete’s heart”. This cardiac adaptation, however, shows overlapping features with non-ischemic cardiomyopathies, such as dilated, arrhythmogenic and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, also associated with athlete’s sudden cardiac death. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a well-suited, highly reproducible imaging modality that can help differentiate athlete’s heart from cardiomyopathy. CMR allows accurate characterization of the morphology and function of cardiac chambers, providing full coverage of the ventricles. Moreover, it permits an in-depth understanding of the myocardial changes through specific techniques such as mapping or late gadolinium enhancement. In this narrative review, we will focus on the certainties and uncertainties of the role of CMR in sports cardiology. The main aspects of physiological adaptation due to regular and intensive sports activity and the application of CMR in highly trained athletes will be summarized

Liquid‐Phase Exfoliated Gallium Selenide for Light‐Driven Thin‐Film Transistors

Gallium selenide (GaSe), a layered semiconductor of Group-III monochalcogenides, has been recognized by the scientific community in recent years as an appealing material in the fields of photonics and (opto)electronics. Thanks to its pseudodirect bandgap and its thickness-dependent (opto)electronic properties, GaSe has emerged as a promising candidate for the implementation of thin-film transistors (TFTs) and photodetectors with fast response and high sensitivity. Solution processing of 2D materials provides low-cost inks that allow the design and realization of printed electronic devices, enabling this technology to move from the laboratory to the industry. In this work, a solution-processed GaSe-based light-driven transistor is presented. Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) is used to exfoliate bulk GaSe in isopropanol, formulating a functional ink that is subsequently deposited by spray coating onto Si/SiO2 substrates. The GaSe phototransistor exhibits a p-channel behavior with a high on/off ratio (approximate to 10(3)) that is gate-voltage dependent. Moreover, the device response also depends on the illumination with a maximum responsivity of 13 A W-1 to UV-visible light and a fast response time of 35 ms. This study demonstrates that liquid phase exfoliated GaSe is a promising candidate for the design and realization of next-generation (opto)electronic devices