Characteristics of hyperthermia and its complications in patients with Prader Willi syndrome

Thermoregulation problems, resulting in hypo- or hyperthermia, have been infrequently reported in children with Prader Willi syndrome (PWS), yet their clinical details remained unknown. The clinical characteristics of three infants with PWS are reported. Etiologies of high fever could not be identified in three children with PWS. One of these children was also admitted to the intensive care unit with extremely high body temperature in a life-threatening condition, similar to septic shock, without a plausible explanation. Hyperthermia may be a part of the clinical spectrum in young infants with PWS and should be carefully monitored, since it may cause life-threatening complications

Lycopene Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in Rats via Reducing Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder involving colitis. Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid that has attracted considerable attention as a potential chemopreventive agent. The impact of lycopene on colitis is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of lycopene in a rat model of colitis induced by acetic acid. The animals were randomly divided into the following five groups: the control group, colitis group, colitis + sulfasalazine group as a positive control group, colitis + lycopene and lycopene groups. Colonic mucosal injury was assessed by biochemical and histopathological examinations. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status (TAS), ceruloplasmin (CPN), total sialic acid and iron (Fe) levels were evaluated in blood samples. MDA, SOD, TAS and DNA fragmentation levels were also measured in colon tissues. MDA (p < 0.05), total sialic acid (p < 0.05) and DNA fragmentation levels (p < 0.01) were significantly higher, and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme were lower in the colitis group than in the control group. Treatments with lycopene in the colitis decreased MDA, total sialic acid and DNA fragmentation levels, while SOD activity (p < 0.05), TAS (in colon p < 0.05; in serum p < 0.01), CPN (p < 0.05) and Fe levels (p < 0.05) were significantly increased. The histopathological evaluation also confirmed the foregoing findings. Treatment with lycopene ameliorated the biochemical and pathological alterations caused by colitis. The results obtained in this study indicate that lycopene may exert protective effects in experimental colitis and might, therefore, be useful for treatment of IBD

Protective effect of 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate in rat colitis model induced by acetic acid

Some of the diseases like ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease and certain types of intestinal cancers are not treatable effectively. Our aim was to investigate the protective effects of 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB) on the rats with acetic acid induced colitis. Twenty four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: (1) control group, (2) colitis group, (3) 2-APB group, (4) colitis+2-APB group. Twenty four hour after the acetic acid administration blood samples were collected under the ether anesthesia. After the collection of all blood samples rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation under the anesthesia and abdomen was opened and the colon was taken. Superoxide dismutase activities, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, ceruloplasmin, total cialic acid and iron (Fe2+) levels were measured using blood samples. Superoxide dismutase activities, total antioxidant status, malondialdehyde and DNA fragmentation levels were evaluated at colon tissues. Paraffin sections of colon tissue were subjected to: a) immunohistochemistry (Bcl-2), b) TUNEL-staining (apoptotic cells), c) histopathological (masson's trichrome staining) examinations. Sections were evaluated semiquantitatively. Induction of colitis caused pathological and biochemical alterations in rat colon. Rates of apoptosis increased concomitantly with the levels of oxidants in colitis group, while activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased remarkably. Administration of 2-APB however, ameliorated the biochemical and pathological alterations in rats caused by colitis. In the light of the data obtained from the present study it could be recommended that using of 2-APB in colitis could be considered as a remedy at least as a complementary drug