Status of professional learning communities in developing countries: Case of Vietnam and Uganda

What is the status of professional learning communities in Vietnam and Uganda? Is there a significant difference between the teaching experience of secondary teachers and how they see the relevance of professional learning communities on professional development in Vietnam and Uganda? The forementioned questions were explored by collecting data from secondary school teachers (n=345) in Vietnam and Uganda through a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) were used to analyze the data. The findings depict that involvement of secondary school teachers in professional learning communities and the associated contribution on professional development is ‘moderate’ in Vietnam whilst, it is ‘minimal’ in Uganda. It was also established that significant difference exists between the teaching experience of secondary teachers and how they recognize the relevance of professional learning communities on professional development. The findings suggest that relevant educational policies and adequate funding ought to be considered in order to make professional learning communities vibrant in both Vietnam and Uganda. This is deemed key to enhance secondary school teacher competence which in turn could lead to higher students’ learning outcome in Vietnam and Uganda respectively

Startup Learning Community Approach: Case Study in Vietnam

Group B: Quality of Education and Educational Polic

The impact of leverage on stock returns: an empirical test on the Australian stock market

Asset pricing model is no longer a new topic to theoretical finance but it still maintains researchers’ interest until now. The role of firm characteristics in explaining the stock returns becomes more and more significant in the empirical studies. The Fama French three factor is the most famous model of testing the firm characteristics: size effect and book to market effect on stock returns. However, this model does not include leverage, one of the most important firm characteristics. Starting from this idea, the study is conducted to examine the relationship between stock returns and leverage along with measuring the leverage’s contribution to the model’s explanatory power. Data consists of 50 companies in the S&P/ASX 200 index of Australian Stock Exchange over the period 2005-2009. It is found that there is a significantly negative relationship between leverage and stock returns. Nonetheless, the test of explanatory power reports that leverage does not contribute to the explanatory power of the model

A Simple Procedure for Extraction of Surface Protein of Salmonella Serotypes and Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Poultry and Pigs

Salmonella and E.coli possess different surface protein structures that can induce protective immune responses. Identification of these proteins capacitates development of diverse applications in prevention and diagnosis that contribute to effectively control disease-causing enterobacteria pathogens such as Salmonella and E.coli. A simple procedure for obtaining protein complexes of Salmonella serotypes and E.coli is performed in this study. A sonication process with heat treatment of whole bacteria induced the release of protein complexes. Concentration of the protein extract was quantified using protein quantification Kits-Rapid, and protein complex profile was obtained by SDS-PAGE (Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and silver staining. The concentrations of protein ranged from 29.45 to 45.35 µg/mL in the  Salmonella protein extracts, and from 25.35 to 36.72 µg/mL in the E.coli protein extracts. Six major groups of proteins from E. coli (YfiO, NipB, OmpF, YfgL, Talc, YaeT) and four major groups of proteins from Salmonella (Flagellin, OmpA, Porin, SEF21) were preliminarily determined by a simple procedure of extraction based on the molecular weight

Factors Affecting Consumers’ Impulsive Purchasing Behavior in Circle K Convenience Stores in Hanoi, Vietnam

Impulsive purchasing behavior has been observed as one of the important studies conducted by marketers and researchers, as impulse buying has become a prevalent phenomenon in every retail format. The study was conducted to assess factors affecting consumers’ impulsive purchasing behavior in Circle K convenience stores in Hanoi, Vietnam. After reviewing a group of previous studies, the authors indicated 05 factors that affected consumers' impulsive purchasing behavior including impulsiveness, instant gratification, visual appeal, promotions and money availability. The study had selected 05 experts in the field of economics to conduct the expert interview. Moreover, the research team had also handed out the questionnaire and received 310 observations. Specifically, Impulsiveness had the strongest influence on the impulsive purchasing behavior of Circle K’s consumers in Hanoi. Keywords: factors, Impulsive purchasing behavior, Circle K convenience stores DOI: 10.7176/JESD/14-8-03 Publication date: April 30th 2023

Development of a reverse supply chain model for electronic waste incorporating transportation risk

The quantity of Electronic waste (E-waste) is considerably growing due to the rapid development of technology. To diminish the influences of E-waste to the environment and recover raw materials, the reverse supply chain (RSC) has been examined. Most research focuses on minimizing the total cost of the system, however, does not integrate risk factors related to RSC operation. Risks generally derive from transportation activity in E-waste RSC such as delays for pick up, breakdown of trucks, the uncertainty of dangerous materials which might lead to disruptions and higher cost. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a mathematical model for minimizing the total cost of E-waste RSC which integrates transportation risk. A mixed integer linear programming is utilized in the model and addressed by an optimization software. The results of the proposed model can determine the optimal locations and the amount of used products transported within the RSC network.  The numerical example also demonstrates that the movement of materials or components in the RSC network is considerably affected by considering transportation risk. The suggested model can assist decision makers about establishing RSC network in which risk elements are incorporated

Determination of stress state in deep subsea formation by combination of hydraulic fracturing in situ test and core analysis: A case study in the IODP Expedition 319

[1] In situ test of hydraulic fracturing (HF) provides the only way to observe in situ stress magnitudes directly. The maximum and minimum horizontal stresses, SHmax and Shmin, are determined from critical borehole pressures, i.e., the reopening pressure Pr and the shut-in pressure Ps, etc, observed during the test. However, there is inevitably a discrepancy between actual and measured values of the critical pressures, and this discrepancy is very significant for Pr. For effective measurement of Pr, it is necessary for the fracturing system to have a sufficiently small compliance. A diagnostic procedure to evaluate whether the compliance of the employed fracturing system is appropriate for SHmax determination from Pr was developed. Furthermore, a new method for stress measurement not restricted by the system compliance and Pr is herein proposed. In this method, the magnitudes and orientations of SHmax and Shmin are determined from (i) the cross-sectional shape of a core sample and (ii) Ps obtained by the HF test performed near the core depth. These ideas were applied for stress measurement in a central region of the Kumano fore-arc basin at a water depth of 2054?m using a 1.6?km riser hole drilled in the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 319. As a result, the stress decoupling through a boundary at 1285?m below seafloor was detected. The boundary separates new upper layers and old lower ones with an age gap of ~1.8?Ma, which is possibly the accretionary prism. The stress state in the lower layers is consistent with that observed in the outer edge of accretionary prism

Effect of some effective parameters on COD Removal from Nam Son Landfill Leachate by electrocoagulation

Leachate becomes ahead of wastewaters as being the most difficult to treat due to its complex and widely variable composition. In this research, the leachate treatment performance by electrocoagulation (EC) was studied. The samples of leachate were taken from Nam Son landfill in Hanoi. The effects of factors namely current intensity, electrolysis time, initial pH and anode materials on the EC performance were investigated via chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. The input leachate properties were obtained as COD, NH4+ and pH in the range of around 6247 ± 295, 1270 ± 38 mg/l and 8 ± 0.1, respectively. Mono-polar electrocoagulation unit was carried out in a batch system for leachate treatment with iron electrodes and approximately 1.8 litter of leachate. Firstly, with the increase in current (1 to 4A), the COD removal efficiencies increased from 50.00 to 78.57% (pH = 8 and operating time = 40 min). Secondly, by the increase in operating time, the treatment performance also went up significantly in first 40 min, then nearly level-off at above 73 % (pH=8, current intensity = 3A). In addition, the effect of pH in range of 5 to 10 on the electrocoagulation process was studied and showed the highest treatment efficiencies in neutral and mild alkaline medium, especially between 6 pH 8. Finally, the electrode materials made of iron and aluminum was investigated and the result indicated that when the iron anodes were replaced by aluminum, the COD removal efficiency experienced a considerable decline, from 70 to 37.93% (pH = 8 and operating time = 40 min). In combination of all experiments, the optimum operating conditions were achieved as iron electrodes, current intensity of 3A, electrolysis time of 40 min, the raw pH with iron electrodes, resulting the maximum COD removal efficiencies of 73.21%. As a result, the electrocoagulation can be applied to leachate pre-treatment

Do Technical Barriers to Trade Measures Affect Vietnam’s Tea Exports? Evidence from the Gravity Model

This paper explores how technical barriers to trade (TBT) affect Vietnam’s tea exports to 55 importing countries from 2001 to 2019. We use the gravity model with different estimation methods: ordinary least square (OLS), fixed-effect (FE), and random effect (RE) to estimate the impact of TBT on Vietnam’s tea exports. The results show that although GDP, population, distance, tariff, and participation in World Trade Organization (WTO) are crucial factors, the TBT measures imposed by these importing countries have significantly negative impacts on Vietnam’s tea exports. Our findings reveal that while a 1% increase in the cumulative TBT measures imposed by developing countries decreases Vietnam's tea export by 0.341%, the figure for developed countries is 1.308%