The Evaluation of Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis, Interleukin-6, Fetuin-A, Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance, and Insulin Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Clinical Remission

Conclusion: We found that RA patients had lower sTWEAK levels and higher fetuin-A levels than the control group subjects. Furthermore, these two molecules were associated with each other. This study demonstrated that in RA patients, even if the disease is controlled with treatment, some molecules associated with an increased metabolic and cardiovascular risk continue to function. Follow-up studies on larger populations are warranted to confirm these findings

Atrial natriuretic peptide and posterior pituitary neurohormone changes in patients with acute schizophrenia

Conclusion: The obtained data indicate that the AVP level was higher, but OXT and ANP levels were lower in the patients having acute schizophrenia. Specifically OXT is related with reduced disease severity and increased functionality

NICOTINE DEPENDENCE LEVEL OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS RELATING TO TYPE OF EDUCATION AND GENDER

Smoking is an increasingly important public health problem because of the health problems it causes. We aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between nicotine addiction level, education type and gender in vocational school of health services students who smoke in the study. This descriptive study was conducted with first and second year university students studying in various associate degree programs in health field. In the study, questionnaire forms were used to determine sociodemographic conditions prepared with scientific support as data collection tool. Nicotine dependence was determined by the Fagerström nicotine dependence test (FNBT). A total of 72 students attending 34 daytime education and 38 nighttime education courses participated in the research. 47 of the participants were female(% 65.3) and 25 (%34.7) male. In our study, 57 of the students are between the ages of 17-20 and the remaining 15 are over 21 years old. 29 of the participants in the study were low-level addicts, 34 were moderately addicts, and 9 were high-level nicotine addicts. When the inter-gender dependency levels are examined, 58.8% of the female students and 41.2% of the male students are moderately addicted. 52.6% of evening education students are moderately dependent, 41.2% of daytime education students are moderately and lowly dependent. There was no statistically significant difference between gender, type of education and nicotine addiction. There was no significant difference between the level of dependence, education type and gender in nicotine dependence level study using FNBT. The addiction rate was also higher for women. Most of the students who had nighttime learning were mostly moderate nicotine addicts

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD(+)) Against Acute Hepatorenal Oxidative Injury in An Experimental Sepsis Model

The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) in preventing multi-organ damage caused by sepsis. Twenty-eight male Wistar-albino rats were randomly divided into four groups. The study groups comprised Sham group, sepsis group (CLP), sepsis + 100 mg/kg NAD+ (CLP+N100) and sepsis + 300 mg/kg NAD+ group (CLP+N300). Sepsis was induced by the cecum ligation perforation (CLP) method. NAD+ was administered intraperitoneally for five days before cecum perforation and 6 h after operation. Serum, liver and kidney tissues were taken from the rats 24 h after the operation. MDA, GSH, CAT, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta, and caspase-3 parameters were measured in tissue samples with biochemical and immunohistochemical methods. In the histopathological and immunohistochemical examination, increases in TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta, and caspase-3 expressions were observed in the liver and kidney tissues of the CLP group and severe damage was seen in tissue morphology (P<0.001). Hepatorenal injury was significantly decreased in the treatment groups. Sepsis increased MDA levels in all tissues, but significantly decreased GSH and CAT activities. While NAD+ administration significantly increased GSH and CAT activity in the liver and kidney tissues, it caused a significant decrease in MDA levels. This study shows that nicotinamide may be a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of sepsis

Effect of melatonin on trace element distribution in lung, kidney, brain, and testicular tissues in experimental type 1 diabetes

Objective: In this study, the levels of essential trace elements, namely copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn), in the lung, kidney, brain, and testicular tissues of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were compared, and the effect of melatonin on these levels was evaluated. Materials and methods: 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four equal groups: control group (CONT), diabetes group (DM), melatonin group (MEL), and diabetes+melatonin group (DM+MEL). The control group was fed with standard rat feed and received no added treatment. The rats in the DM and DM+MEL groups were injected with STZ at a single dose of 60 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.). The healthy animals in the DM+MEL group were given a 10 mg/kg/day dosage of melatonin (i.p.) for 6 weeks. The levels of trace elements in the lung, brain, kidney, and testicular tissues of the rats were evaluated by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES). Results: The Cu levels were found to have significantly increased in the kidney and testicular tissues of the rats in the DM and DM+MEL groups compared to the CONT group (p 0.05). Conclusion: As a result, it was observed that trace element levels in tissues affect diabetes, and melatonin application significantly increases trace element levels. It is thought that using melatonin as a supplement will decrease tissue damage in diseases with systemic effects such as diabetes

Enhanced Efficacy of Resveratrol Loaded Silver Nanoparticle in Attenuating Sepsis-Induced Acute Liver Injury: Modulation of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and SIRT1 Activation.

Sepsis-induced acute liver injury is a life-threatening condition involving inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. In the present study, the preventive effects of resveratrol (RV) alone and RV-loaded silver nanoparticles (AgNPs + RV) against sepsis-induced damage were investigated and compared in a rat model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Rats were divided into four groups: Sham, CLP, RV, and AgNPs + RV. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B) activation, presepsin, procalcitonin (PCT), 8-hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) levels were assessed to determine the treatments' effects. AgNPs + RV treatment significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, NF-kappa B activation, presepsin, PCT, 8-OHDG, and VEGF levels compared with the CLP group, indicating attenuation of sepsis-induced liver injury. Both RV and AgNPs + RV treatments increased SIRT1 levels, suggesting a potential role of SIRT1 activation in mediating the protective effects. In conclusion, AgNPs + RV treatment demonstrated extremely enhanced efficacy in alleviating sepsis-induced liver injury by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction, potentially mediated through SIRT1 activation. In this study, the effect of AgNPs + RV on sepsis was evaluated for the first time, and these findings highlight AgNPs + RV as a promising therapeutic strategy for managing sepsis-induced liver injury, warranting further investigation