THE STUDY OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF MONOCRYSTALLINE SILICON MODULES

This paper presents the effect of temperature and wind speed on physical characteristics of monocrystalline silicon solar modules, which are placed on the building of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republic of Srpska in Banja Luka. Measurements of the solar modules were carried out by UI analyzer for photovoltaic PV-KLA and Mini PV-KLA. Meteorological parameters (temperature, wind speed and intensity of solar radiation) were measured using the automatic meteorological station Davis Vantage Pro-USA. This paper gives the results of comparisons between theoretically obtained energy efficiency and experimentally obtained energy efficiency of the monocrystalline silicon modules in relation to their characteristics.This paper presents the effect of temperature and wind speed on physical characteristics of monocrystalline silicon solar modules, which are placed on the building of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republic of Srpska in Banja Luka. Measurements of the solar modules were carried out by UI analyzer for photovoltaic PV-KLA and Mini PV-KLA. Meteorological parameters (temperature, wind speed and intensity of solar radiation) were measured using the automatic meteorological station Davis Vantage Pro-USA. This paper gives the results of comparisons between theoretically obtained energy efficiency and experimentally obtained energy efficiency of the monocrystalline silicon modules in relation to their characteristics

REVIEWING THE PHOTOVOLTAIC POTENTIAL OF BIJELJINA IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA

To estimate PV potential of Bijeljina, PVGIS and SOLARGIS databases were used. The results showed that Bijeljina municipality has an average daily PV power potential of 3.50 kWh/kWp, thus belonging to areas with the favorable mid-range PV power potential values. Average levelized cost of electricity is $0.12/kWh, consequently making PV technologies in Bijeljina also economically competitive with conventional power-generating sources. In the light of the rapid development of photovoltaic technology, this paper gives a critical review of previous studies and suggests that the application of PV technologies has become even more attractive. High-efficiency PV modules and grid inverters were tested on examples of roof-mounted PV systems and ground-mounted PV system using specialized PVSYST software. Comparison of the obtained results with previous studies gave a clear picture with advantages of these new solutions, and further support for PV technologies utilization

Climatic Elements as Development Factors of Health Tourism in South Serbia

The area of Southern Serbia is the most undeveloped tourist area and is marginalized in relation to the total tourist traffic of Serbia. With the purpose of health tourism development, special attention in this paper is focused on five spas and four mountain tourist destinations of South Serbia. The interaction of climatic elements is key for outdoor tourist activities, thus the potential of health tourism is presented through the results of the tourism climate comfort index (TCCI). According to TCCI values calculated for one climatological period 1991–2020, the spa tourist destinations of South Serbia are generally favorable during May, June and September. Four studied mountain destinations have favorable TCCI values generally during June, July and August. Spatio-temporal analysis utilizing ESRI ArcMap software showed that the most favorable conditions for health tourism development occur during spring and autumn for spas (May and June) and during summer for mountain destinations (July and August), which coincides with the ideal TCCI values. MatLab software through linear regression showed that in the period of 2010–2020, a negative tendency of tourists’ number in Vranjska banja spa and Niška banja spa is noticed, and a positive tendency for Prolom banja spa and Sijarinska banja spa. The paper also highlights the perspectives of other tourism forms of development in South Serbia

Climatic Elements as Development Factors of Health Tourism in South Serbia

The area of Southern Serbia is the most undeveloped tourist area and is marginalized in relation to the total tourist traffic of Serbia. With the purpose of health tourism development, special attention in this paper is focused on five spas and four mountain tourist destinations of South Serbia. The interaction of climatic elements is key for outdoor tourist activities, thus the potential of health tourism is presented through the results of the tourism climate comfort index (TCCI). According to TCCI values calculated for one climatological period 1991–2020, the spa tourist destinations of South Serbia are generally favorable during May, June and September. Four studied mountain destinations have favorable TCCI values generally during June, July and August. Spatio-temporal analysis utilizing ESRI ArcMap software showed that the most favorable conditions for health tourism development occur during spring and autumn for spas (May and June) and during summer for mountain destinations (July and August), which coincides with the ideal TCCI values. MatLab software through linear regression showed that in the period of 2010–2020, a negative tendency of tourists’ number in Vranjska banja spa and Niška banja spa is noticed, and a positive tendency for Prolom banja spa and Sijarinska banja spa. The paper also highlights the perspectives of other tourism forms of development in South Serbia

INVESTIGATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR MODULES IN RELATION TO THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL ORIENTATION AND TILT ANGLE

Investigation of the polycrystalline solar modules energy efficiency in relation to their tilt angle and geographical orientation in the real meteorological conditions are presented in this paper. The experimental system comprises five polycrystalline silicon modules, with single power 50 Wp, three of which are placed vertically and oriented towards the East, South and West, respectively, the fourth is horizontal, while the fifth is oriented toward the South at the angle of 33º (optimally inclined solar module). The measurement period was from 01 August to 01 December, 2014. The optimally inclined solar module generated the most of total monthly energy for all four months. The most of total monthly energy was generated in August, by the optimally inclined solar module (6.07 kWh), horizontal solar module (5.69 kWh), the vertical solar module oriented toward the East (2.42 kWh) and the vertical solar module oriented toward the West (2.52 kWh), respectively. Energy efficiency of optimally inclined solar module for the entire measurement period was 14.27%, 11.41% for the horizontal, 10.37% for the South, 5.79% for the East and 5.23% for the West module. The obtained results can be used in modern architecture, for the application of the solar modules as roof and façade elements.Investigation of the polycrystalline solar modules energy efficiency in relation to their tilt angle and geographical orientation in the real meteorological conditions are presented in this paper. The experimental system comprises five polycrystalline silicon modules, with single power 50 Wp, three of which are placed vertically and oriented towards the East, South and West, respectively, the fourth is horizontal, while the fifth is oriented toward the South at the angle of 33º (optimally inclined solar module). The measurement period was from 01 August to 01 December, 2014. The optimally inclined solar module generated the most of total monthly energy for all four months. The most of total monthly energy was generated in August, by the optimally inclined solar module (6.07 kWh), horizontal solar module (5.69 kWh), the vertical solar module oriented toward the East (2.42 kWh) and the vertical solar module oriented toward the West (2.52 kWh), respectively. Energy efficiency of optimally inclined solar module for the entire measurement period was 14.27%, 11.41% for the horizontal, 10.37% for the South, 5.79% for the East and 5.23% for the West module. The obtained results can be used in modern architecture, for the application of the solar modules as roof and façade elements.

Energy efficiency of photovoltaic solar plant in real climate conditions in Banja Luka

In this paper comparison of experimentally obtained results of energy efficiency of PV solar plant of 2.08 kWp installed on the roof of the Academy of Sciences and Arts (ASARS) in Banja Luka (Republic of Srpska) in the real climate conditions in 2013 and 2014 are given. It was found that energy efficiency of PV solar plant from April till November 2013 was 12.28%, and in same period in 2014 was 13.03%. Also, it was found that the increase in the ambient temperature by 1°C, PV solar plant efficiency decreases by 0.43% from April till November 2013, and by 0.27% in the same period in 2014