Comorbidité lèpre et tuberculose: à propos de six cas

Objectif : Rapporter 6 observations de co-infection de la lèpre et de la tuberculose. Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une série rétrospective transversale à visée descriptive réalisée au Centre Hospitalier de l’Ordre de Malte à Dakar (Sénégal) sur une période de 15 ans (2001-2016).Résultats : Six dossiers étaient étudiés. La moyenne d’âge des patients était de 29 ans ± 10,4 [15 - 42 ans] avec un sex ratio H/F de 2 (4 hommes pour 2 femmes). Quatre patients avaient une lèpre lépromateuse et deux une lèpre borderline (boderline lépromateuse). Le délai médian d’évolution entre la tuberculose et la lèpre était de 32 mois [5 mois- 48 mois]. Les formes de tuberculose retrouvées étaient des formes purement pulmonaires dans 4 cas et multifocale (pleural et ganglionnaire ; pleural puis neurologique) dans 2 cas. Les facteurs de risque de survenue de la tuberculose étaient la corticothérapie générale au long cours, la malnutrition, l’anémie, le tabagisme et la grossesse. La sérologie antirétrovirale à VIH était négative chez tous les patients. Les traitements de la lèpre et de la tuberculose étaient prescrits selon les protocoles de l’OMS. Tous les patients étaient déclarés guéris de la lèpre et de la tuberculose.Conclusion : la survenue de la lèpre dans sa forme multibacillaire sur un terrain immunitaire déficitaire pourrait favoriser soit la réactivation d'une tuberculose latente sous-jacente ou une surinfection de la lèpre par Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Il paraît donc important de rechercher activement la tuberculose durant le screening des patients atteints de lèpre surtout lépromateus

Discovery and Application of Functional Dependencies in Conjunctive Query Mining

International audienc

Foraging ecology of tropicbirds breeding in two contrasting marine environments in the tropical Atlantic

Studying the feeding ecology of seabirds is important not only to understand basic aspects of their ecology and threats but also for the conservation of marine ecosystems. In this regard, tropical seabirds have been relatively neglected, and in particular the trophic ecology of tropicbirds is scarcely known. We combined GPS tracking, environmental variables and sampling of regurgitates during incubation and brooding to understand the feeding ecology of red-billed tropicbirds Phaethon aethereus as well as how foraging strategies may change between 2 contrasting marine environments: a coastal island in the Canary Current upwelling (Îles de la Madeleine) and an oceanic island in the middle of the south Atlantic (St Helena). Tropicbirds breeding on the Îles de la Madeleine headed west, foraging on and beyond the shelf slope, probably to associate with subsurface predators which bring pelagic fish close to the surface. Birds from St Helena showed a greater foraging effort and a strong attraction to areas with the greatest species richness of Scombridae, possibly due to a greater difficulty in finding prey in the oligotrophic oceanic waters. Tropicbirds ranged much beyond the extension of the protected areas around their colonies, indicating that current protected areas are insufficient for these populations. We found no evidence to suspect direct mortality of tropicbirds in regional fisheries, but overexploitation of small epipelagic fish and tuna may decrease feeding opportunities and lead to competition with fisheries. The substantial differences in foraging behaviour demonstrated by individuals from both colonies indicates that caution should be taken when extrapolating foraging patterns of tropical seabirds breeding in contrasting oceanographic environments

Foraging ecology of tropicbirds breeding in two contrasting marine environments in the tropical Atlantic

Studying the feeding ecology of seabirds is important not only to understand basic aspects of their ecology and threats but also for the conservation of marine ecosystems. In this regard, tropical seabirds have been relatively neglected, and in particular the trophic ecology of tropicbirds is scarcely known. We combined GPS tracking, environmental variables and sampling of regurgitates during incubation and brooding to understand the feeding ecology of red-billed tropicbirds Phaethon aethereus as well as how foraging strategies may change between 2 contrasting marine environments: a coastal island in the Canary Current upwelling (Îles de la Madeleine) and an oceanic island in the middle of the south Atlantic (St Helena). Tropicbirds breeding on the Îles de la Madeleine headed west, foraging on and beyond the shelf slope, probably to associate with subsurface predators which bring pelagic fish close to the surface. Birds from St Helena showed a greater foraging effort and a strong attraction to areas with the greatest species richness of Scombridae, possibly due to a greater difficulty in finding prey in the oligotrophic oceanic waters. Tropicbirds ranged much beyond the extension of the protected areas around their colonies, indicating that current protected areas are insufficient for these populations. We found no evidence to suspect direct mortality of tropicbirds in regional fisheries, but overexploitation of small epipelagic fish and tuna may decrease feeding opportunities and lead to competition with fisheries. The substantial differences in foraging behaviour demonstrated by individuals from both colonies indicates that caution should be taken when extrapolating foraging patterns of tropical seabirds breeding in contrasting oceanographic environments

Foraging ecology of tropicbirds breeding in two contrasting marine environments in the tropical Atlantic

Studying the feeding ecology of seabirds is important not only to understand basic aspects of their ecology and threats but also for the conservation of marine ecosystems. In this regard, tropical seabirds have been relatively neglected, and in particular the trophic ecology of tropicbirds is scarcely known. We combined GPS tracking, environmental variables and sampling of regurgitates during incubation and brooding to understand the feeding ecology of red-billed tropicbirds Phaethon aethereus as well as how foraging strategies may change between 2 contrasting marine environments: a coastal island in the Canary Current upwelling (Îles de la Madeleine) and an oceanic island in the middle of the south Atlantic (St Helena). Tropicbirds breeding on the Îles de la Madeleine headed west, foraging on and beyond the shelf slope, probably to associate with subsurface predators which bring pelagic fish close to the surface. Birds from St Helena showed a greater foraging effort and a strong attraction to areas with the greatest species richness of Scombridae, possibly due to a greater difficulty in finding prey in the oligotrophic oceanic waters. Tropicbirds ranged much beyond the extension of the protected areas around their colonies, indicating that current protected areas are insufficient for these populations. We found no evidence to suspect direct mortality of tropicbirds in regional fisheries, but overexploitation of small epipelagic fish and tuna may decrease feeding opportunities and lead to competition with fisheries. The substantial differences in foraging behaviour demonstrated by individuals from both colonies indicates that caution should be taken when extrapolating foraging patterns of tropical seabirds breeding in contrasting oceanographic environments