The surgical treatment of mandibular peripheral calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (pindborg tumor) with Er,Cr:YSGG laser: a case report.\u201d

The aim of this case report was to propose a new treatment modality of peripheral calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT) using Er, Cr: YSGG laser

Temporomandibular disorders and oral features in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (Iims) patients: An observational study

Aim: Inflammatory idiopathic myopathies (IIMs) are inflammatory processes affecting skeletal musculature and extramuscular organs. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) involve jaw muscles and temporomandibular joint. The aim of this observational study was to investigate the prevalence of the main TMD symptoms and signs as well as oral implications in IIM patients. Methods: The study group included 54 patients (42 women and 12 men), 22 of whom affected by dermatomyositis (DM), 29 by polymyositis (PM) and 3 by inclusion body myositis (IBM). A group of 54 patients not affected by this disease, served as CG. Oral and TMD signs and symptoms were evaluated by means of a questionnaire and through clinical examination. Results: About oral symptoms, the study group complained more frequently dysgeusia, with loss of taste or unpleasant taste (p<0.0001) and feeling of burning mouth (9.4% versus 0 controls). Xerostomia was more prevalent in the study group respect to the CG (p<0.0001). Dysphagia was reported by 48.1% of IIM patients while was absent in CG (p<0.0001). About oral signs, cheilitis (p<0.05) and oral ulcers (p<0.05) were significantly more frequent in CG. As regard to TMD symptoms, arthralgia and tinnitus didn’t showed significant differences between the two groups, while neck/shoulders and masticatory muscle pain was significantly more referred in IIM patients than in the CG (p<0.05). About TMJ signs, sounds were overlapping in the two groups: click=11.1% in both IIM patients and CG (p<0.05), crepitation in 11.1% of IIM and 9.3% of controls (p>0.05). No significant difference was detected about deflection (9.3%, p>0.05), while deviation was wider in CG (p>0.05). Active opening and lateralities showed no significant differences, while endfeel was significantly increased in IIM group for a higher presence of muscular contracture. Bruxism was present only in CG. Conclusion: The data collected from this observational study seem to support the existence of a relationship between the prevalence of TMD symptoms and signs as well as oral features in patients with myositis. A remarkable reduction of salivary flow and dysphagia were more frequent and severe in IIM patients, as well as muscle contracture and myofacial pain evoked by palpation, this result being highly significant

Diet, Muscle Protein Synthesis and Autophagy Relationships in Cancer. An Attempt to Understand Where Are We Going, and Why

Protein-based structures are indispensable to maintain life, so identification and removal of worn out structures achieved through proteostasis, the sum of micro and macro-autophagy (autophagy) plus ubiquitin-proteasome system, must balance renewal by new synthesis. Many of the elements controlling dynamically equilibria between protein synthesis and protein degradation have been identified and modalities of activation actively studied, still we are quite far from mastering how this balance is ruled. Failure to maintain a positive balance between protein synthesis and protein degradation would result in sarcopenia, defined as the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, a major clinical problem frequently accompanying chronic illnesses, but peculiarly spotted in cancer and in elderly patients. Also, how cancer is fed, and how nutrition in cancer patients may affect evolution and therapy effectiveness is another field of opinions and uncertainty. On the other hand, exercise and nutrition tailored to provide adequate amounts of amino acids are widely considered a necessary strategy for prevention and treatment of protein synthetic deficits in muscles. This paper will synthetically review how different nutritional strategies and energy production may interconnect efficiently synthesis and scavenging of aged and overused protein molecules by autophagy. Finally, since energy availability rules life and death of cells and organisms, an hypothesis predicting how energy may control the ratios among protein synthesis and autophagy is proposed: in normal conditions, protein syntheses have a key role in autophagy activation by consuming large amounts of energy when forming peptidic bonds, that is adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) is consumed to monophospahate (AMP), thus decreasing ATP to AMP ratios. Conversely, both protein syntheses and autophagy may be scarcely activated when low availability of ATP would result also in lowest concentrations of AMP. In this peculiar setting, reduced rates of both protein syntheses and autophagy would be observed, resulting in worsening of protein balance and functions