Silicon Photomultiplier

International audienc

Instrumentation sur les détecteurs silicium: de la caractérisation des propriétés aux applications

A deep knowledge of the fundamental physics phenomena involved in Silicon Detectors is mandatory for their optimal use in dedicated applications. In the present manuscript, this concept is represented for the particular case of two types of Silicon Detectors: (1) the Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) and their applications in medical imaging(2) the Planar Pixel Sensors (PPS) and their application for the upgrade of the ATLAS inner detector at high-luminosity LHC. My personal work on SiPM detectors started around 10 years ago. Therefore, the first part (A) of my HDR will firstly relate the physical principle of the Geiger-Mode Avalanche Photodiodes (GM-APD), representing the elementary cell of a SiPM detector. Then, the concept of the SiPM detector is introduced and its main physical characteristics are reviewed. The experimental set-ups developed for the measurement of these detectors as well as the SiPM characteristics from main producers are presented. Since the temperature dependence of SiPM parameters represents a particular drawback in different applications, my dedicated work on this subject is also presented showing that this dependence can become negligible if the operating conditions are well controlled. The SiPM detectors present important electrical, optical and mechanical advantages allowing for flexible design in applications where large detection area is required. Therefore, they are very "appetizing" devices for medical imaging applications and my work on using SiPM arrays in two medical applications is also presented: high resolution small animal PET scan and hand-held radiation detector for assisting the surgeon in locating and removing the solid tumors. In parallel with the SiPM activity, in the last years I was involved in the design and characterization of new PPS detectors for the upgrade of the ATLAS inner detector at high luminosity LHC. Therefore, the second part (B) of my HDR details the experimental methods like Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) and Spreading Resistance Profiling (SRP) used for the doping profiles measurements of PPS detectors. The importance of these measurements for the fabrication process control and the calibration of the Technology-Computed Aided Design simulations (TCAD) are shown. Simulations results predicting the behavior of new planar pixel sensors with improved geometrical and radiation hardness characteristics for the upgrade of the ATLAS inner detector at high-luminosity LHC are also presented

Instrumentation sur les détecteurs silicium: de la caractérisation des propriétés aux applications

A deep knowledge of the fundamental physics phenomena involved in Silicon Detectors is mandatory for their optimal use in dedicated applications. In the present manuscript, this concept is represented for the particular case of two types of Silicon Detectors: (1) the Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) and their applications in medical imaging(2) the Planar Pixel Sensors (PPS) and their application for the upgrade of the ATLAS inner detector at high-luminosity LHC. My personal work on SiPM detectors started around 10 years ago. Therefore, the first part (A) of my HDR will firstly relate the physical principle of the Geiger-Mode Avalanche Photodiodes (GM-APD), representing the elementary cell of a SiPM detector. Then, the concept of the SiPM detector is introduced and its main physical characteristics are reviewed. The experimental set-ups developed for the measurement of these detectors as well as the SiPM characteristics from main producers are presented. Since the temperature dependence of SiPM parameters represents a particular drawback in different applications, my dedicated work on this subject is also presented showing that this dependence can become negligible if the operating conditions are well controlled. The SiPM detectors present important electrical, optical and mechanical advantages allowing for flexible design in applications where large detection area is required. Therefore, they are very "appetizing" devices for medical imaging applications and my work on using SiPM arrays in two medical applications is also presented: high resolution small animal PET scan and hand-held radiation detector for assisting the surgeon in locating and removing the solid tumors. In parallel with the SiPM activity, in the last years I was involved in the design and characterization of new PPS detectors for the upgrade of the ATLAS inner detector at high luminosity LHC. Therefore, the second part (B) of my HDR details the experimental methods like Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) and Spreading Resistance Profiling (SRP) used for the doping profiles measurements of PPS detectors. The importance of these measurements for the fabrication process control and the calibration of the Technology-Computed Aided Design simulations (TCAD) are shown. Simulations results predicting the behavior of new planar pixel sensors with improved geometrical and radiation hardness characteristics for the upgrade of the ATLAS inner detector at high-luminosity LHC are also presented

Stray light estimates due to micrometeoroid damage in space optics, application to the LISA telescope

International audienceThe impact on an optical surface by a micrometeoroid gives rise to a specific type of stray light inherent only in the space optical instruments. This causes a double source of light scattering: the impact crater and the ejected contamination. We propose a method of stray light estimation and apply it to the case of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna telescope. We estimate the backscattering fraction for nominal (4 years) and extended (10 years) mission durations

Particle contamination monitoring in the backscattering light experiment for LISA

In the context of space-based optics, contamina-tion due to particle deposition on the optics is inevitableand constitutes a critical issue. This gets more challengingfor the sensitive heterodyne measurements of the Laser In-terferometer Space Antenna (LISA), the space-based grav-itational wave observatory to be launched in 2034. There-fore, table-top experiments need to be developed for a bet-ter understanding of how micrometer to millimeter sizeddust particles, present on optical surfaces, affect LISA mea-surements. In this work, we present an experimental set-up for the simultaneous measurement of the coherentbackscattering and the monitoring of particles depositionon the optics to be tested. The results of the first measure-ments are presented and discussed in this article

Study of the coherent perturbation of a Michelson interferometer due to the return from a scattering surface

International audienceWe describe a setup based on Michelson interferometry for coherent measurements of the backscattered light from a low roughness optical surface under test. Special data processing was developed for the extraction of the useful signal from the various stray contributions to the coherent signal. We achieve coherent detection of light scattered by a mirror down to -130 dB in optical power. We characterize the dependence of the backscattered light with spot position and incidence angle. Results of cross-polarization scattering coherent measurements and preliminary results of dust deposition experiment are presented here. This work represents the first step in the experimental evaluation of the coherent perturbation induced by the scattered light in the space gravitational wave detector of the LISA mission

LISA telescope: phase noise due to pointing jitter

International audienc

Numerical solutions for phase noise due to pointing jitter with the LISA telescope

International audienc

Design et caractérisation des photorécepteurs à quadrants pour l’AIVT de l’instrument spatial LISA

National audienceCette contribution présente la conception, la réalisation et les mesures de performance des photorécepteurs à quadrants dédiés aux activités d’Assemblage, d’Intégration, de Validation et de Tests (AIVT) de l’instrument Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), futur détecteur spatial d’ondes gravitationnelles

Design et caractérisation des photorécepteurs à quadrants pour l’AIVT de l’instrument spatial LISA

National audienceCette contribution présente la conception, la réalisation et les mesures de performance des photorécepteurs à quadrants dédiés aux activités d’Assemblage, d’Intégration, de Validation et de Tests (AIVT) de l’instrument Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), futur détecteur spatial d’ondes gravitationnelles