Integrierte Seminararbeiten als Ergebnis des Projektunterrichts

Polazeći od teorije višestrukih inteligencija Howarda Gardnera te projektne nastave Johna Deweya, u radu se izlažu učinci podučavanja učenika tehnikom pisanja znanstvenog rada. Format u kome se učenici pismeno izražavaju jest seminarski rad, koncipiran prema modelu integrirane nastave u srednjoj muzičkoj školi. U nju su uključeni predmeti Teorija muzike, Istorija muzike s upoznavanjem muzičke literature, Nacionalna istorija muzike te Srpski jezik i književnost. Mogućnosti koje pruža takav pristup višestruke su i odnose se na: stjecanje učeničkih vještina u domeni akademskog pisanja prije odlaska na fakultet, što svakako standardi vezani s pisanjem eseja, stručnog teksta i rezimea drugih tekstova zahtijevaju; unapređivanje školske klime, etosa i među učenicima i među profesorima uključenima u proces. Broj predmeta koji se mogu uključiti u određenu temu nije ograničen i tiče se podjednako užestručnih, glazbenih i općeobrazovnih. Posebno je značajno nadilaženje neusklađenosti programa različitih predmeta u kurikulu pri izradi seminarskih radova, putem anticipiranja teme (za gradivo koje će se iz pojedinih predmeta raditi kasnije) ili utvrđivanja gradiva. Format blok-nastave u obliku okruglog stola za učenike različitih razreda, u tako koncipiranom podučavanju, omogućava učenicima razmjenu iskustava, vršnjačku edukaciju i jačanje kritičarskih sposobnosti učenika. Takva školska praksa proistekla je i iz dugogodišnjeg rada tima za integriranu nastavu Muzičke škole „Dr. Miloje Milojević“ iz Kragujevca i iz potrebe da koordinatori nastave svoja znanja stečena na doktorskim studijama muzikologije i srpskog jezika i književnosti te samostalnim znanstvenim radom prilagode i prenesu učenicimaStarting with Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences and John Dewey’s project teaching, the paper exposes the effects of teaching students by means of the technique of writing scientific papers. The format of students’ expressing themselves in a written form is a seminar paper, outlined according to the integrated teaching model in music school. This comparative and aesthetic approach of writing students’ papers encompasses the subjects of Music theory, History of music, National history of music and the Serbian language and literature. The possibilities provided by such an approach are multiple and relate to: acquiring students’ skills in the domain of academic writing before entering a university, and which is certainly required by standards related to writing essays, vocational texts and summaries of other texts; enhancing school climate, ethos, not only among students, but also among teachers included in the process. The number of subjects whose content can be interconnected in a specific topic is not limited, and it equally relates to narrower vocational, music and general education subjects. The outcomes of this method of work are focused on the most possible functional meeting demands, which each subject individually brings along. What is particularly important is the overcoming curriculum incompatibilities of different subjects when writing seminar papers, by means of anticipating the subject or by revising material. The block teaching format in the form of round table for students of various grades, in such conceived teaching, enables students’ exchange of experiences, peer education and strengthening of students’ critical abilities. Such school practice comes, not only from long-standing work of Integrated teaching team of music school “Dr Miloje Milojević” in Kragujevac, but also from the need of coordinators of the teaching process to adapt and transfer knowledge acquired during doctoral studies of musicology to students.Von der Theorie multipler Intelligenzen von Howard Gardner und des Projektunterrichts von John Dewey ausgehend, werden in der Arbeit Auswirkungen der Belehrung der Schüler durch die Technik des Verfassens wissenschaftlicher Arbeit präsentiert. Das Format der schriftlichen Äußerung der Schüler ist die Seminararbeit, die nach dem Modell des integrierten Unterrichts in der Musikschule konzipiert ist. Solcher Unterricht umfasst die folgenden Fächer: Musiktheorie, Musikgeschichte und Kennenlernen der Musikliteratur, nationale Musikgeschichte und serbische Sprache und Literatur. Dieser Ansatz bietet vielfältige Möglichkeiten und zwar erwerben die Schüler hierbei Fertigkeiten im Bereich des Verfassens akademischer Texte bereits vor dem Studium, nämlich Fertigkeiten, die beim Verfassen von Essays, Zusammenfassungen und Fachtexten zum Standard gehören. Ferner trägt dieser Ansatz zur Verbesserung des Schulklimas unter Schülern und unter Lehrern bei. Die Anzahl der Fächer, die in ein bestimmtes Thema einbezogen werden können, ist nicht begrenzt und betrifft gleichermaßen eng fachorientierte und allgemeinausbildende Fächer, sowie Fächer im Bereich Musik. Besonders bedeutend ist es dabei die mangelnde Übereinstimmung der Programme unterschiedlicher Fächer im Lehrplan zu überbrücken und beim Verfassen der Seminararbeiten bestimmte Themen zu antizipieren (wenn die Lerninhalte in bestimmten Fächern erst später behandelt werden) oder den Lernstoff zu wiederholen und zu festigen. Eine derartig konzipierte Belehrung ermöglicht den Schülern verschiedener Klassen in den Doppelstunden und im Format der runden Tische Erfahrungen auszutauschen, führt zum kollegialen Lernen und zur Stärkung der kritischen Fähigkeiten der Schüler. Die hier beschriebene Schulpraxis entstammt der langjährigen Arbeit des Teams für integrierten Unterricht der „Dr. Miloje Milojević“ Musikschule aus Kragujevac und ist Folge des Bedarfs von Koordinatoren, ihre an Doktorstudien der Musikologie und der serbischen Sprache und Literatur erworbenen Kenntnisse durch eigenständige wissenschaftliche Arbeit anzupassen und den Schülern zu vermitteln

Cheese Fermented with Human-Derived Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Mushroom Powders: A Novel Psychobiotic Food with Enhanced Bioactivity and Sensory Acceptability

Fermented foods containing psychobiotics are of growing interest among food scientists. Human-derived Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, a gut symbiont and potential psychobiotic strain, has been shown to exhibit the following health benefits: anti-inflammation and GABA-production capacity, as well as modulation of pathogen and cancer cell growth. The aim of this research was to develop an acid-coagulated fresh soft quark-type cheese, fermented with L. reuteri DSM 17938, with enhanced bioactivity, sensory acceptability, and overall likeability. Psychobiotic-containing cheeses represent the food of a new generation, so it is of great importance to gain the trust of the consumers. To develop a familiar taste, cheese samples were enriched with mushroom powders of Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus. A high abundance of lactic acid bacteria was maintained in all cheese samples (>log 7.64 CFU/mL), while cheese extracts exhibited cytotoxicity to colon cancer cell line HCT116 (up to 30.96%) in vitro. Additionally, cheese samples provided a favorable medium for the growth of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (>log 7.11 CFU/mL). Sensory evaluation revealed high scores for all samples (up to 97.21% of maximum overall quality). The survey conducted in this study offered insights into consumer willingness to try products containing psychobiotics. This study demonstrates the potential for the successful development of fermented food products with L. reuteri DSM 17938, which exhibits all the desired traits that consumers may receive well. Further research is required to explore the potential health benefits of these innovative food products

THE BEGINNINGS OF MUSIC CRITICISM IN BELGRADE: A DISPLAY OF MUSICAL EVENTS CONSIDERED THROUGH REVIEWS PUBLISHED IN THE DAILY NEWSPAPER "POLITIKA" 1904 - 1905

The first appearance of the daily newspaper Politika in Belgrade, in January 12th, 1904, marked a great step toward independent journalism in the Kingdom of Serbia. During its first two years of publishing, Politica delivered judgments and reportages on concerts that have been taking place in Belgrade. Articles have evolved from the announcements of concerts into a detailed accounts of the events enriched with interesting details about performed works and performers. From them it is seen that the musical life in Belgrade was extremely rich, and that various ensembles, orchestras and soloists, both from the country and abroad were performing in numerous cultural institutions.The aim of the paper is twofold. Firstly, to present musical criticism in the first two years of publishing Politika, both chronologically and systematically, in order to provide insight into the mainstream of critical thinking and developing of the musical criticism. Secondly, to provide the better understanding of the cultural, i.e. musical life in the capital of Serbia in the observed period. The main contribution of the research lays in its methodological approach, according to which there is no essential difference between the nature and the methods of musical criticism and musical history, which is seen as diachronic criticism. Furthermore, music history is considered as a totality of musical culture of the time. In this view each data, indirect reference, and literary source can be beneficial and useful for musical history. The implication of the work is the necessity of further research which would contribute to Serbian music historiography and bibliography