Smoking cessation reduces ratio of total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels on adult people in Yogyakarta Special Region

Cigarette smoking is a major cause of cardiovascular disease due to elevation of free radical substances as well impairment in lipid metabolism. Smoking cesation has been linked with reduced risk of mortality. However, data regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor in former smoker is limited. The aim of the study was to evaluate the CVD risk factor among smoker, non-smoker and former smoker in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. A cross-sectional design from 86 apparently healthy male, aged between 25-50 years old was performed for this study. From total subjects, 45 subjectsare smokers, 26 are non-smokers and 15 are former smokers. Body weight, height, and blood pressure were also measured from the subjects. Blood was drawn for assessment of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein(HDL) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. We found significant difference in the level of HDL, cardiovascular risk index (LDL/HDL ratio), atherogenic index (TC/HDL ratio) and also in systolic blood pressure among groups (p<0.05). Smoking person hadsignificantly low HDL level with high CVD risk index and atherogenic index (p<0.05). The CVD risk index was not different between former smoker and smoker groups. Serum CRP level was not different among the groups. In conclusion, smoking is associated with increased risk of CVD. Smoking cessation slightly decrease the CVD risk

Smoking cessation reduces ratio of total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels on adult people in Yogyakarta Special Region

Cigarette smoking is a major cause of cardiovascular disease due to elevation of free radical substances as well impairment in lipid metabolism. Smoking cesation has been linked with reduced risk of mortality. However, data regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor in former smoker is limited. The aim of the study was to evaluate the CVD risk factor among smoker, non-smoker and former smoker in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. A cross-sectional design from 86 apparently healthy male, aged between 25-50 years old was performed for this study. From total subjects, 45 subjects are smokers, 26 are non-smokers and 15 are former smokers. Body weight, height, and blood pressure were also measured from the subjects. Blood was drawn for assessment of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. We found significant difference in the level of HDL, cardiovascular risk index (LDL/HDL ratio), atherogenic index (TC/HDL ratio) and also in systolic blood pressure among groups (p<0.05). Smoking person had significantly low HDL level with high CVD risk index and atherogenic index (p<0.05). The CVD risk index was not different between former smoker and smoker groups. Serum CRP level was not different among the groups. In conclusion, smoking is associated with increased risk of CVD. Smoking cessation slightly decrease the CVD risk

Raja Bandung Banana (Musa paradisiacaL.cv Raja Bandung) Prevents Increased Systolic Blood Pressure in Rats Given Acute Stress Test

The relationships between stress and hypertension have been evaluated. Heightened blood pressure (BP) reactions to acute stress have been implicated in cardiovascular disease’s development. Consumption of fruit or vegetables lowering BP. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Raja Bandung Banana (Musa paradisiacaL. cv Raja Bandung) on blood pressure after acute restraint stress and forced swim test.Twenty male Sprague dawley rats were divided into 4 groups (A,B,C,D) and adapted for 3 days. At 4th day, groups were administered 2 g/200gBw AIN-93M, then exposed to acute restraint (1hour), except group A. After restraint, A&amp;B received water, C received diazepam 0,5mg/kgBW, and D received banana 2,52 g/200gBW. One hour later, the forced swim test was carried out (45 minutes). Blood pressure was measured 1 hour after swim. Result showed,mean of blood pressure significantly increased after treatment (p&lt;0,01) all groups. But, the increasing of blood pressure in C and D group was lower than unrestraint (A) and control (B) group. There was significant difference of blood pressure between control (A&amp;B) and intervention group (C&amp;D), but no significant difference between C and D. Thisresults indicate that Raja Bandung Banana can prevent increased blood pressure on acute stress condition as effective as diazepam.

POTENSI YOGHURT UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamb.) DALAM MEMPERBAIKI KADAR HDL DAN LDL SERUM TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY YANG DIBERI DIET TINGGI LEMAK

Background: High level of LDL and low level of HDL in serum can increase the risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Purple sweet potato is one of the functional food which has low price, easily accessible, rich in nutrients and active compounds, has been reported to have hypocholesterolemic effect. Yoghurt as beverages that contain good bacterias also has hypocholesterolemic effect. So, processing purple sweet potato into yoghurt could optimize the effect. Objective: This study was conducted to see the effect of purple sweet potato yoghurt on serum LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol level in rats with high fat diet. Method: Quasi experimental study with pre-post test with control group design was used. This study used twenty five (25) male Sprague Dawley rats aged 2 months. In the beginning, all rats were randomized into 5 group. Control group (ST) was given only standard diet, Y2 (YUJU 2ml/day) , Y4 (YUJU 4 ml/day), SV (simvastatin 0,8 mg/day), Y4+SV (combination Y4 and SV). Rats had been adapted for a week, then given a high-fat diet for 2 weeks, and blood analysis was done (pretest). The treatment start from here for 4 weeks. Blood samples were colected and analyzed at 2nd week (midtest) and 4th week (postest). Result: The average of HDL and LDL level were not significantly different in all groups, both midtest and postest (p>0,05). A significant reduction occured on LDL (pre-posttest) level of Y4 (-32,65%), SV (-23,27%) and Y4+SV (-34%) group. The HDL level also decreas in all groups. The lowest and not significant reduction (p>0,05) were occured in the Y2 (-8,27%) and Y4 (-4,85%) groups, but the increase of HDL was shown in last-2 weeks by Y4 group (26