The Abelian Higgs Model in Three Dimensions with Improved Action

We study the Abelian Higgs Model using an improved form of the action in the scalar sector. The subleading corrections are carefully analysed and the connection between lattice and continuous parameters is worked out. The simulation shows a remarkable improvement of the numerical performance.Comment: Minor correction to one-loop relations;reference adde

Three-dimensional lattice U(1) gauge-Higgs model at low mHm_H

We study the non-compact version of the U(1) gauge-Higgs model in three dimensions for $m_H = 30 GeV.$ We found that, using this formulation, rather modest lattices approach quite well the infinite volume behaviour.The phase transition is first order, as expected for this Higgs mass. The latent heat (in units of $T_{cr}^4$) is compatible with the predictions of the two-loop effective potential; it is an order of magnitude less than the corresponding SU(2) value. The transition temperature and $$ in units of the critical temperature are also compatible with the perturbative results.Comment: 15 pages, latex, 9 figures, changes in the comparison with perturbation theor

New Dimensions at a Millimeter to a Fermi and Superstrings at a TeV

Recently, a new framework for solving the hierarchy problem has been proposed which does not rely on low energy supersymmetry or technicolor. The gravitational and gauge interactions unite at the electroweak scale, and the observed weakness of gravity at long distances is due the existence of large new spatial dimensions. In this letter, we show that this framework can be embedded in string theory. These models have a perturbative description in the context of type I string theory. The gravitational sector consists of closed strings propagating in the higher-dimensional bulk, while ordinary matter consists of open strings living on D3-branes. This scenario raises the exciting possibility that the LHC and NLC will experimentally study both ordinary aspects of string physics such as the production of narrow Regge-excitations of all standard model particles, as well more exotic phenomena involving strong gravity such as the production of black holes. The new dimensions can be probed by events with large missing energy carried off by gravitons escaping into the bulk. We finally discuss some important issues of model building, such as proton stability, gauge coupling unification and supersymmetry breaking.Comment: 12 pages, late

Comparison of LISA and Atom Interferometry for Gravitational Wave Astronomy in Space

One of the atom interferometer gravitational wave missions proposed by Dimopoulos et al.1 in 2008 was called AGIS-Sat. 2. It had a suggested gravitational wave sensitivity set by the atom state detection shot noise level that started at 1 mHz, was comparable to LISA sensitivity from 1 to about 20 mHz, and had better sensitivity from 20 to 500 mHz. The separation between the spacecraft was 1,000 km, with atom interferometers 200 m long and shades from sunlight used at each end. A careful analysis of many error sources was included, but requirements on the time-stability of both the laser wavefront aberrations and the atom temperatures in the atom clouds were not investigated. After including these considerations, the laser wavefront aberration stability requirement to meet the quoted sensitivity level is about 1\times10-8 wavelengths, and is far tighter than for LISA. Also, the temperature fluctuations between atom clouds have to be less than 1 pK. An alternate atom interferometer GW mission in Earth orbit called AGIS-LEO with 30 km satellite separation has been suggested recently. The reduction of wavefront aberration noise by sending the laser beam through a high-finesse mode-scrubbing optical cavity is discussed briefly, but the requirements on such a cavity are not given. Unfortunately, such an Earth-orbiting mission seems to be considerably more difficult to design than a non-geocentric mission and does not appear to have comparably attractive scientific goals.Comment: Submitted to Proc. 46th Rencontres de Moriond: Gravitational Waves and Experimental Gravity, March 20 - 27, 2011, La Thuile, Ital

Phase Structure of the 5D Abelian Higgs Model with Anisotropic Couplings

We establish the phase diagram of the five-dimensional anisotropic Abelian Higgs model by mean field techniques and Monte Carlo simulations. The anisotropy is encoded in the gauge couplings as well as in the Higgs couplings. In addition to the usual bulk phases (confining, Coulomb and Higgs) we find four-dimensional ``layered'' phases (3-branes) at weak gauge coupling, where the layers may be in either the Coulomb or the Higgs phase, while the transverse directions are confining.Comment: LaTeX (amssymb.sty and psfig) 21 pages, 17 figure

MSSM and Large tanβtan\beta from SUSY Trinification

We construct a supersymmetric model based on the semi-simple gauge group $SU(3)_c \times SU(3)_L \times SU(3)_R$ with the relation $tan\beta \simeq m_t/m_b$ automatically arising from its structure. The model below a scale $\sim 10^{16}$ GeV gives naturally rise just to the minimal supersymmetric standard model and therefore to the presently favored values for $sin^2 \theta_w$ and $\alpha_s$ without fields in representations higher than the fundamental.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX, UT-STPD-3-9

Using Atom Interferometery to Search for New Forces

Atom interferometry is a rapidly advancing field and this Letter proposes an experiment based on existing technology that can search for new short distance forces. With current technology it is possible to improve the sensitivity by up to a factor of 10^2 and near-future advances will be able to rewrite the limits for forces with ranges from 100 um to 1 km.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

Magnetic properties of antiferromagnetically coupled CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB

This work reports on the thermal stability of two amorphous CoFeB layers coupled antiferromagnetically via a thin Ru interlayer. The saturation field of the artificial ferrimagnet which is determined by the coupling, J, is almost independent on the annealing temperature up to more than 300 degree C. An annealing at more than 325 degree C significantly increases the coercivity, Hc, indicating the onset of crystallization.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Curvaton Scenario with Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis

We discuss the curvaton scenario with the Affleck-Dine baryogenesis. In this scenario, non-vanishing baryonic entropy fluctuation may be generated even without primordial fluctuation of the Affleck-Dine field. Too large entropy fluctuation is inconsistent with the observations and hence constraints on the curvaton scenario with the Affleck-Dine baryogenesis are obtained. We calculate the baryonic entropy fluctuation (as well as other cosmological density fluctuations) in this case and derive constraints. Implications to some of the models of the curvaton are also discussed.Comment: 16 pages,2 figure