Haematological Profile of Healthy Workers Exposed to Low Dose Radiation

Background: Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation may affect cells and tissues and result to various adverse health effects. Objective: To compare the haematological profile such as (red blood cell count, haemoglobin or hematocrit levels, white blood cell count and platelet count) of medical imaging and therapeutic technologists and controls selected from medical hospitals in Kumanovo and Skopje. Method: The study was performed on 140 subjects including 70 persons working with X-ray machines as the case group and 70 unexposed individual as the control. Complete blood cell count was performed with a haematology cell counter (Hem count 50L, Deutschland).Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Mean values of hematocrit - HCT, mean cell haemoglobin - MCH, red cell distribution width - RDW, white blood cell –WBC, platelets – PLT, plateletcrit – PCT and platelet distribution width - PDW have shown significant difference from the control group. The mean MCH, PLT, PCT and PDW were higher, while HCT, RDW, WBC, granulocytes and neutrophils were lower in the exposed group. Conclusion: The haematopoietic system is highly sensitive to radiation and the peripheral blood count may well serve a biological indication. The rapid recovery of this tissue limits its application as a diagnostic tool to accidental cases of irradiation. Keywords: ionizing radiation, haematological parameters, side effects, occupational health services

SELF-IMAGE IN CHILDREN OF DIVORCED PARENTS

The family and its important role in the development of the child is the inspiration for many types of research that have the intention to emphasize certain aspects of family life and the consequences of the family relations in the development of the children.The issue of this research is to find out if there is a connection between the conflict in the family, the divorce of the parents and self-concept in the children of early school age. The research is conducted on 30 children of single-parent families. The children of these single-parent families are children who have lived in families with conflicts and they have been direct or indirect participants in the conflict of the divorced parents.In the process of research, we applied projective techniques: Machover which consists of drawing a person’s figure, as well as a drawing a house and a tree-HTP (House-Tree-Person).The results are obtained through qualitative analysis and interpretation of each drawing particularly.During the investigation the relation between the variables, it is confirmed that there is a considerable connection between the conflict in the family, the divorce of the parents and the self-concept in children. It is confirmed, during the process that the children of divorced parents from negative self-concept. In children of single-parent families it is indicated that this group of children in relation to the psychological picture for themselves presented the following characteristics: lowered EGO, mechanisms for defense, feeling of insecurity, low self-confidence, aggressiveness, great virility, and caution

SELF-IMAGE IN CHILDREN OF DIVORCED PARENTS

The family and its important role in the development of the child is the inspiration for many types of research that have the intention to emphasize certain aspects of family life and the consequences of the family relations in the development of the children.The issue of this research is to find out if there is a connection between the conflict in the family, the divorce of the parents and self-concept in the children of early school age. The research is conducted on 30 children of single-parent families. The children of these single-parent families are children who have lived in families with conflicts and they have been direct or indirect participants in the conflict of the divorced parents.In the process of research, we applied projective techniques: Machover which consists of drawing a person’s figure, as well as a drawing a house and a tree-HTP (House-Tree-Person).The results are obtained through qualitative analysis and interpretation of each drawing particularly.During the investigation the relation between the variables, it is confirmed that there is a considerable connection between the conflict in the family, the divorce of the parents and the self-concept in children. It is confirmed, during the process that the children of divorced parents from negative self-concept. In children of single-parent families it is indicated that this group of children in relation to the psychological picture for themselves presented the following characteristics: lowered EGO, mechanisms for defense, feeling of insecurity, low self-confidence, aggressiveness, great virility, and caution

The Correlation between Depression, Anxiety and Treatment Motivation in Patients with Affective Disorder

Background: The relationship between affective disorder and symptoms of anxiety and depression is very complex. Although a variety of self-report measures are beginning to be utilized to access anxiety and depression in patients with affective disorder. Also evidence shows that individuals with affective disorder experience better functioning and reduced symptom if they follow recommended psychiatric treatment. Learning to live with a continuous, episodic illness is a huge challenge for people with bipolar disorder and their family. Objective: The relationship between affective disorder and symptoms of anxiety and depression is very complex. Although a variety of self-report measures are beginning to be utilized to access anxiety and depression in patients with affective disorder. Also evidence shows that individuals with affective disorder experience better functioning and reduced symptom if they follow recommended psychiatric treatment Methods: The study involved 80 patients (32 males, 48 females) with an average age 44,5 years, hospitalized in the Psychiatric Hospital in Skopje and the Department of Psychiatry of Clinical Hospital in Tetovo, with a clinical diagnosis of affective disorder. The diagnosis of affective disorder is set against the classification DSM – V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder). All subjects were under adequate psychopharmacological treatment. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Treatment Motivation Questionnaire (TMQ) were applied to the entire population. Results: From the results it is evidenced that the patients with affective disorder have higher scores on the HAM-A and HAM-D. The correlation was positively significant at the level of 0.01. Also there was significant relationship between treatment motivation and the type of disorder (F, 2, 77 = 11.902; p<0.00). Conclusions: Depression and anxiety are common in patients with affective disorder and can interfere with their response to treatment. Key words: Affective Disorder, Depression, Anxiety, Treatment Motivation, Quality of Lif

The Correlation between Bulimia Nervosa and Depression in Period of Adolescence

Background: Eating disorders are a group of mental health concerns characterized by disturbance in eating behavior that including: anorexia, bulimia, binge eating disorder and other types of disordered eating. In the period of puberty adolescents are becoming increasingly vulnerable to eating disorders. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of possible eating disorder (bulimia nervosa) and depression in the period of puberty. Methods: Participants in this study were 233 8th-grades Basic General Education Student (Secondary), of whom 128 were boys and 105 girls, with an average mean age of 14 years. The Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) were applied to the entire study population. Also we calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI: a parameter defines as the ratio of human body weight and height. Results: According to the EAT, 73 (32%) students had a EAT score indicating a possible diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. But on the other hand we found that 188 (81%) students had emotional symptoms of depression Correlation results indicated that depressed mood scores positively correlated with bulimia scores. Conclusions: We observed high prevalence of bulimia nervosa and depression in the period of puberty. Key words: adolescents, BMI, bulimia nervosa, depressio

Odontoma as an etiological factor for impaction of teeth

Odontoma is considered to be the most common odontogenic tumor of the oral cavity. Most odontoma are discovered during routine radiographic investigations and can cause disturbances in the teeth eruption. Here we report two cases, where the odontoma are the main etiological factor for tooth impaction. The aim of this study is to determine the necessity of the removal of the odontoma as a main etiological factor for tooth impaction in order to induce successful tooth eruption. In the first case, a radiography examination using orthopantomogram showed radio-opaque lesions mesial to the impacted right mandibular canine. The lesion was surgically removed under local anesthesia. After mucoperiosteal flap was raised, superficial bone was removed followed by the removal of the calcified structures. The flap was approximated and sutured. In the second case, a radiography examination using CBCT revealed presence of radio-opaque lesions next to the unerupted left maxillary canine. Surgery was performed under local anesthesia. After the primary canine was removed, the odontomas were removed in order to establish eruption path for the canine. The results of this study show that using the appropriate surgical protocols that eliminate odontogenic lesions can establish adequate environment for teeth to erupt. Diagnosis of odontoma at an early age and its surgical excision may prevent eruption disturbances. A careful follow-up of the case, implementing preventive and interceptive orthodontics, if necessary, prevents future malocclusion. Keywords: CBCT, Odontoma, Surgery, Tooth impactio