PROTECTION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND: AN INSTITUTIONALIST PERSPECTIVE

Land Economics/Use,

Factors Predisposing to Urolithiasis in Feedlot Cattle

The formation of stony precipitates anywhere in the urinary passages is called urolithiasis. The stone is called a urolith or urinary calculus. Urolithiasis is an important disease of castrated male ruminants because of the common occurrence of urethral obstruction

Competency-Based Education: A Framework for a More Efficient and Safer Aviation Industry

Aircraft design and reliability as well as pilots’ education and training have steadily and significantly improved in the last 20 years. Nevertheless, high-profile accidents still occur, even when the aircraft and related systems are operating adequately. Controlled flight into terrain, runway incursion accidents, and loss of control in flight are examples of mishaps in which inadequate decision-making, poor leadership, and ineffective communication are frequently cited as contributing factors. Conversely, the investigation of accidents (e.g., US Airways Flight 1549, in the U.S. on Jan. 15, 2009) and serious incidents (e.g., TAM Linhas Aereas Flight 3756 in Brazil on June 17, 2011) have shown that flight crews must be flexible and adaptable, think outside the box, and communicate effectively to cope with situations well beyond their individual expertise

The effectiveness of crowdsourcing in knowledge-based industries: the moderating role of transformational leadership and organisational learning

[EN] Crowdsourcing provides an opportunity for SMEs to exploit collective knowledge that is located outside the organisation. Crowdsourcing allows organisations to keep pace with a fast-changing environment by solving business problems, supporting R&D activities, and fostering innovation cheaply, flexibly, and dynamically. Nevertheless, managing crowdsourcing is difficult, and positive outcomes are not guaranteed. Drawing on the Resource-based View, we study transformational leadership and organisational learning capability as complementary assets to help SMEs deploy crowdsourcing. An empirical study of Spanish telecommunications and biotechnology companies confirmed the moderating effect of organisational learning on the relationship between crowdsourcing and organisational performance.Devece Carañana, CA.; Palacios Marqués, D.; Ribeiro-Navarrete, B. (2019). 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Business Horizons, 58(1), 77-85. doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2014.09.005Qin, S., Van Der Velde, D., Chatzakis, E., McStea, T., & Smith, N. (2016). Exploring barriers and opportunities in adopting crowdsourcing based new product development in manufacturing SMEs. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 29(6), 1052-1066. doi:10.3901/cjme.2016.0808.089Rai, Patnayakuni, & Seth. (2006). Firm Performance Impacts of Digitally Enabled Supply Chain Integration Capabilities. MIS Quarterly, 30(2), 225. doi:10.2307/25148729RAVICHANDRAN, T., LERTWONGSATIEN, C., & LERTWONGSATIEN, C. (2005). Effect of Information Systems Resources and Capabilities on Firm Performance: A Resource-Based Perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 21(4), 237-276. doi:10.1080/07421222.2005.11045820Ray, G., Barney, J. B., & Muhanna, W. A. (2003). Capabilities, business processes, and competitive advantage: choosing the dependent variable in empirical tests of the resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 25(1), 23-37. doi:10.1002/smj.366Schlagwein, D., & Bjorn-Andersen, N. (2014). Organizational Learning with Crowdsourcing: The Revelatory Case of LEGO. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 15(11), 754-778. doi:10.17705/1jais.00380Schmallegger, D., & Carson, D. (2008). Blogs in tourism: Changing approaches to information exchange. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 14(2), 99-110. doi:10.1177/1356766707087519Stanko, M. A., Molina-Castillo, F.-J., & Harmancioglu, N. (2014). It Won’t Fit! For Innovative Products, Sometimes That’s for the Best. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(1), 122-137. doi:10.1111/jpim.12238STOCK, R. M., & SCHNARR, N. L. (2016). EXPLORING THE PRODUCT INNOVATION OUTCOMES OF CORPORATE CULTURE AND EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP. International Journal of Innovation Management, 20(01), 1650009. doi:10.1142/s1363919616500092Templeton, G. F., Lewis, B. R., & Snyder, C. A. (2002). 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A Case Study Of Muscle Activity In Giant Slalom Skiing

Speed of movement respresents the ability essential for successful performance of a sportsman in many branches of sport. This is especially important in ski-jumping where the skier must develop optimum vertical velocity corresponding to the correct ski-jumping technique in extremely complex and demanding inertial environment. The objective of this investigation was to establish the size of the attained vertical velocity measured both in the field and laboratory conditions; its stability and relation to the jump length. The results of the investigation will be, above all, useful to experts in developing the take-off techniqueElectromyography (EMG) and video data from a single female US. Ski Team member were acquired during giant slalom (GS) skiing at Beaver Creek, Colorado. The purpose of the testing was to examine muscle activity relative to the skiing motion. Muscles on the right side of the body, consisting of the lower leg (anterior tibialis (AT) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG», thigh (vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), semitendinosus (ST), gracilis (Gr), and gluteus maximus (GM», and trunk (rectus abdominis . (RA), external oblique (EO), and erector spinae (ES» were monitored. Maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) were performed pre- and post-skiing to provide a relative reference for the amplitude of muscle activity (%MVC). EMG during skiing was monitored via a four channel telemetry unit. The eleven muscles were partitioned into three sets. Three skiing trials of a seven gate GS course were completed for each set. Peak amplitude (uv) and time measures (ms) were digitized and averaged across trials for each gate. In six of the eleven muscles, the peak activity occurred when the right leg was the outside leg in a turn (turns 1, 3, 5, 7). The exception to this pattern was for the ES muscles of the lower back. %MVC ranged from 27% (EO at gate 4) to 206% (Gr at gate 5). The coeffcients of variation (CV) ranged from 2.3 (VM at gate 4) to 130% (EO at gate 4), indicating a large amount of variation in arnplitude for several muscle groups. The mean duration of muscle activity across all three muscle sets was consistent, ranging from 1.08 to 1.56 s. Roughly two-thirds of the CV's were less than 14%, indicating that the timing was more consistent than the peak EMG. This case study of EMG activity in GS skiing revealed substantial muscle activity at large percentages of MVC with considerable variation. A large amount of cocontraction between opposing muscles and relatively long duration of muscle activity suggest a quasi static nature of muscle activity during a GS turn. These findings have implications for dryland training of GS skiers. of ski jumpers, and in building a model of performance in ski jumping

Transforming the Professional Flight Program Curriculum: Justification, Process, and Future Development

According to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), by 2036 the aviation sector will need 620,000 new pilots, 125,000 new air traffic controllers, and 1.3 million aircraft maintenance personnel (ICAO, 2018); Pilots seeking a first officer position (a common entry-level position at Part 121 air carriers) are required to possess an Airline Transport Pilot (ATP) Certificate and 1,500 hours of total flight time; There are some exceptions! Support from administration Quantity vs Quality; How can flight faculty improve student learning and job readiness

Competency Based Education: A Framework for a More Efficient and Safer Aviation Industry

Aircraft design and reliability as well as pilots’ education and training have steadily and significantly improved in the last 20 years. Nevertheless, high-profile accidents still occur, even when the aircraft and related systems are operating adequately. Controlled flight into terrain, runway incursions accidents, and loss-of-control-in-flight are examples of mishaps in which inadequate decision-making, poor leadership, and ineffective communication are frequently cited as contributing factors. Conversely, the investigation of accidents (e.g., US Airways Flight 1549, in US, in 01/15/2009) and serious incidents (e.g., JJ 3756, in Brazil, in 06/17/2011) have indicated that flight crews have to be flexible and adaptable, think outside the box, and to communicate effectively in order to cope with situations well beyond their individual expertise. Conventional flight training requirements generally consider only the so-called “technical skills” and knowledge. Interestingly, pilot’s competencies in important areas, such as leadership, teamwork, resilience, and decision-making are not explicitly addressed. The aviation system is reliable but complex. Thus, it is unrealistic to foresee all possible aircraft accident scenarios. Furthermore, there are many organizational variables that could have a detrimental impact in the flight deck of an aircraft. To further improve flight training, the global aviation industry is moving toward Evidence Based Training (EBT). EBT provides rigorous assessment and assurance of pilot competencies throughout their training, regardless of the accumulated flight hours. EBT programs must identify, develop, and evaluate the competencies required to operate safely, effectively, and efficiently in a commercial air transport environment. Moreover, EBT needs to address the most relevant threats according to evidence collected in aircraft mishaps, flight operations, and training. There is some emergent empirical evidence showing that high-quality education and flight training have a greater impact on efficiency and safety than just the total flight hours accumulated by entry-level pilots. Advanced Qualification Programs are utilized in Part 121 operations. A similar model with the development and assessment of defined competencies can lead to better education and flight training outcomes in collegiate aviation. In keeping with this transition to a competency-based educational model, and given an understanding of the benefits of an EBT program for aviation safety and efficiency, the Purdue School of Aviation and Transportation Technology is redesigning its professional flight program. The benefits of this program will include: a. The establishment of advanced training processes that will enhance the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and abilities by the future professional pilot workforce that meet or exceed safety standards; b. Amplifying quality of education and flight training over flight hours; and c. Developing empirical data to inform decision-makers such as program leaders and regulators. The goal of this transformation process is to develop a competency-based program that will attend to academic and regulatory requirements, and that are in alignment with the major aviation stakeholders’ standards and recommendations. It is important to note that a competency-based degree will require graduates to demonstrate proficiency in competencies that are valued by the aviation and aerospace industries. Therefore, this will be beneficial for both the graduates as well as the industry

So you call that research? : mending methodological biases in strategy and organization departments of top business schools

We believe that all strategy and organization (SO) scholars should be able to decide for themselves whether to specialize in certain parts of the knowledge cycle or adopt a broader, multi-method view on the scientific process. In a situation of ―methodological pluralism‖, individuals might choose to contribute to the construction of new administrative theories by means of qualitative works like case studies, ethnographies, biographies, or grounded theory studies (e.g., see Denzin and Lincoln, 2000). Others could then specialize in testing these theories by means of experiments, surveys, or longitudinal econometric studies (e.g., see Lewis-Beck, 1987-2004). Again others could combine both approaches in Herculean attempts to conduct high-impact, integrative research with the potential to change the way we understand the field as a whole

Surveillance of fetal lung lesions using the congenital pulmonary airway malformation volume ratio: natural history and outcomes

ObjectivesThe congenital pulmonary airway malformation volume ratio (CVR) is a widely used sonographic measure of relative mass size in fetuses with lung malformations. The purposes of this study were to examine serial CVR measurements to understand longitudinal growth patterns and to determine correlation with postnatal imaging.MethodsAn institutional review boardâ approved retrospective review was performed on fetuses referred for an echogenic lung malformation between 2002 and 2014. For each fetus, the CVR was prospectively calculated using 2D ultrasound and followed with advancing gestation.ResultsBased on 40 fetuses, the mean initial CVR was 0.51â ±â 0.07 at 20.5â ±â 0.3â weeks of gestation. The CVR increased after 24â weeks of gestation (pâ =â 0.0014), peaking at a CVR of 0.96â ±â 0.11 at 25.5â ±â 0.05â weeks, followed by a significant decrease in the CVR to 0.43â ±â 0.07 prior to term (pâ <â 0.0001). However, approximately one third showed no appreciable increase in size. The mean CVR was significantly correlated with postnatal chest computed tomography (CT) size dimensions (pâ =â 0.0032) and likelihood for lung resection (pâ =â 0.0055).ConclusionsFetal lung malformations tend to follow one of two distinct growth patterns, characterized by either (1) a maximal CVR between 25 and 26â weeks of gestation or (2) minimal change in relative growth. The mean CVR correlates with postnatal CT size and operative management. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.What’s already known about the topic?The congenital pulmonary airway malformation volume ratio (CVR) is a common prenatal ultrasound measure of relative mass size in fetuses with lung malformations.The initial CVR and maximum CVR have been shown to be predictive of hydrops and neonatal respiratory compromise, respectively.What does this study add?Gestational age is important when interpreting CVR measurements because two thirds of lesions increase in size at 25â 26â weeks before spontaneous involution occurs.The mean CVR correlates with size measured by postnatal computed tomography scan.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136421/1/pd4761_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136421/2/pd4761.pd