Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network Techniques for~ Optical Character Recognition- A Survey

Character recognition, a digitization concept, is an important research area in the field of image processing, and pattern recognition. Optical character recognition is a method of digitizing printed texts so that they can be searched electronically, stored compactly and used in machine processes such as text-to-speech, and machine translation. This paper describes the techniques for converting a type or handwritten document into machine readable form using BackPropagation Artificial Neural Networks

Fan Speed Control of Processor Based On Environmental Temperature

Temperature is a physical property that is an essential part of life and Maintaining control of it is of paramount importance to man. Temperature is measured with various types of measuring instruments. But beyond the need to measure temperature, it must also be controlled and monitored. In an industrial setting with heavy equipment that need a round the clock cooling system so as to perform optimally without breakdown, it is important to have a mechanism that monitors the temperature situation, one that can detect the slightest threat to the condition of the systems as regards temperature change. Also temperature control can be used in personal computers to prevent overheating of the processor. This work involves sensing the temperature level of an environment and if a temperature out of range is detected, the fan speed increases to maximum. W hen the temperature drops below a threshold again, the fans are turned back off. The circuit is designed using a temperature sensor that is a thermistor. The temperature transducer is used to sense the temperature of the environment at that point in time and an indication shown on an LED

Analysis Of Telecom Base Stations Powered By Solar Energy

Improved Quality of Service and cost reduction are important issues affecting the telecommunication industry. Companies such as Airtel, Glo etc believe that the solar powered cellular base stations are capable of transforming the Nigerian communication industry due to their low cost, reliability, and environmental friendliness. Currently, there are several research efforts directed on the use of solar power in the Nigerian telecommunication industry. In this paper, the importance of solar energy as a renewable energy source for cellular base stations is analyzed. Also, simulation software PVSYST6.0.7 is used to obtain an estimate of the cost of generation of solar power for cellular base stations. The simulations were carried out for the Grid-Connected and the Stand-Alone solar power systems by using Benin City, Nigeria as a case study. The PVSYST6.0.7 simulation results shows that the power generation costs for the grid connected solar powered system is less when compared to standalone solar powered system in Benin City, Nigeri

On the Implementation of IP Video Surveillance Systems

Research breakthroughs in areas like the Integrated Circuits technology, Digital Signal Processing and the growing implications of the convergence of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) based on the Internet Protocol has in turn had a great effect on the trends in the video surveillance industry and market. With the rising spate of crime and security challenges all over the world, there is a very urgent need for comprehensive security and surveillance solutions to augment human resources and efforts. The traditional CCTV systems which are analog based are now being replaced by Internet Protocol (IP) cameras or network video surveillance systems due to the growing availability of faster and cheap broadband internet access. There is continuous activity in the industry as manufacturing companies introduce products with better functionalities to survive in the keenly competitive market. The implications of the implementation of network cameras are numerous to companies, business enterprises, government corporations and even individuals. This paper therefore focuses on reviewing past, present and future trends in the IP video surveillance world as regards to technology and market developments with the aim of recommending it as a tool for optimum efficiency for security agencie

Development of a Radio Frequency Identification Based Attendance Management Application With A Pictorial Database Framework

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic coupling in the radio frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify a person, animal, or object. The main benefit of using RFID is that it does not require direct contact scanning. This paper presents an RFID attendance system, with a pictorial database framework. In this RFID system, each individual is given an RFID tag, 125 kHz in this case, which is generated by the antenna embedded in the RFID reader. The tag contains an integrated in-built circuit that stores and processes information through modulating and demodulating of the radio frequency signal that is being transmitted, and the data stored in this card is referred to as the identification/attendance of the person

Design and Development of a University Portal for the Management of Final Year Undergraduate Projects

Processes associated with undergraduate final year projects have always been a manual process which requires a lot of paperwork and could sometimes be a cumbersome and tiring task for the personnel in charge. The manual process sometimes leads to time wasting, impeding of project work because the student carrying out the project work is not able to update the lecturer on the level of execution of the project. Also due to unavailability of a content management system or repository, duplicity of previously carried out final year projects is experienced. It could be sensed by the project supervisors or the personnel in charge that this particular project has been done but where is the proof? Where is the system that out rightly bounces the topic back when the student puts it forward or bring forth a list of projects that has keywords present in the chosen project topic? This project work therefore, eliminates or reduces the error of allowing a student to carry out a project that has been done before as well as cutting down on the cost and time required by the student to produce a quality technical report. It also helps to prevent the forgery of signatures usually experienced during the final clearance stage of the students after the conclusion of the project work. During the clearance stages, the completed stages will be noted by the computer until the final stage of the clearance stage is completed and the print button can be clicked upon by the student to bring forth the completed clearance form. In this work, we developed an intranet portal platform that can integrate all the processes above into one syste

IMPACT OF ICT IN OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION: A CASE STUDY

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is of great importance to almost all aspects of oil and gas operations, from upstream to downstream operations. ICTs help to optimize oil and gas processes and thus improves the efficiency and viability of oil and gas operations. This paper presents the core areas of application of ICTs in the oil and gas industry using Nigeria’s oil and gas industry as a case stud

An Intelligent Foreign Exchange Robot (i-FOREXBOT) Development with Scale Conjugate Gradient Neural Network.

This paper describes an on-going work on the development of an intelligent foreign exchange forecast and decision support engine tagged i-FOREXBOT with an ultimate target of online deployment. FOREX market is a complex domain and an ability to forecast future price movements based on past data is highly fundamental to profitable trading by the practitioners. In order to assist traders to achieve minimal loss and high profitability, there are existing automated FOREX prediction robots which are based on technical data. Analysis using technical data involves the adoption of graphs and reoccurring patterns of price movement to forecast currency pair rate. Despite some positive results that have been recorded with this approach, technical analysis and the robots that are based on them only give scanty meaning to the market movements. The optional approach to market prediction being adopted by traders is fundamental analysis. In this method, the impact of fundamental data (such as cash flow, geopolitical factors, economic indices, government policies and news) on price movements are considered for trade forecasting. However, there are currently very little research efforts that focus on automation of FOREX prediction using fundamental data. Therefore, in this work, we are developing an online FOREX robot based on artificial neural network (ANN) and fundamental data to forecast the exchange rate of Great Britain Pound (GBP) and US dollar (USD) pair using six fundamental indices. The preliminary experimental results of the scale conjugate gradient ANN engine we developed is very encouraging and the platform promises to be a good and reliable tool for accurate exchange rate prediction when it is fully developed and deployed

The Case for Aluminium Cable Usage in 1-kV Networks in Nigeria with Emphasis on Public Awareness

This paper presents the needed analysis for the use of Aluminium conductors as an alternative to the use of copper in 1-kV armoured and non-armoured cable network applications in Nigeria. The study revealed that over the years, copper cables have dominated the Nigeria cable market, except for bare Aluminium conductors (AOHL) and service cables (NAY and NAYY). The use of Aluminium as a conductor material has reached a great development due to its mechanical and electrical characteristics, in addition to the economic advantage over other metals used as conductors. The specification of its properties is expressed in the same units employed for other materials in order to appreciate its application as compared to other conductors. This paper carried out a rigorous comparison analysis on the price, weight and conductor’s minimum cross section to sustain the permissible current carrying capacity, allowable voltage drop and short circuit current for 4-cores armoured mains cables