Biological and phytochemical investigations of extracts from Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir (Fabaceae) root barks

Background: Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. belonging to Fabacae familly is used as medicinal plant in Burkina Faso’s folk medicine. Roots of P. erinaceus are used to treat ulcer, stomach ache and inflammatory diseases. The objective of the present study was to carry out phytochemical composition of methanol (MeOH) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts from Pterocarpus erinaceus roots, to isolate pure compounds, and to evaluate their pharmacological activities.Methods: Chromatographic fractionation led to the isolation of active components of the extracts. The structures were established by NMR analysis and comparison with data from literature. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using croton oil-induced edema of mice ear as well as the effect of extracts against lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation was evaluated. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts.Results: Friedelin (1), 3α-hydroxyfriedelan-2-one (2), α-sophoradiol (3) and stigmasterol (4) were isolated from DCM extract and maltol-6-O-apiofuranoside-glucopyranoside (5) isolated from MeOH. DCM extract and friedelin, 3α-hydroxyfriedelan-2-one, α- sophoradiol showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect against ear edema. Friedelin (1), α-sophoradiol (3) and maltol-6-O-apiofuranoside-glucopyranoside (5) exhibited lipoxygenase inhibition. MeOH extract (100 μg/mL) inhibited lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation activities at 45.1 ± 3% and 30.7 ± 0.5% respectively. MeOH extract, ethyl acetate fraction and butanol fraction exhibited antioxidant property with both two methods used.Conclusion: The results suggested that the extracts and compounds from roots of Pterocarpus erinaceus possessed local antiinflammatory effect, antioxidant properties and inhibitor effect against lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation activities.Keywords: Pterocarpus erinaceus, triterpenes, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipoxygenas

L'approche ethnopharmacologique dans le cadre de la découverte de nouveaux antipaludéens (un exemple en Guyane française - Quassia amara)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Étude bibliographique des flavonoïdes sulfatés (répartition, structure et propriétés biologiques)

GRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Activités pharmacologiques des métabolites racinaires et actinorhiziens de quatre espèces du genre Alnus : A. Cordata, A. Viridis SP, A Glutinosa et A. Incana SP

Les espèces du genre Alnus sont des arbres pionniers qui possèdent la particularité de s'associer à l'actinobactérie Frankia alni. Ils forment ainsi des nodules symbiotiques fixateurs d'azote (actinorhizes) au niveau racinaire. Quatre espèces françaises du genre Alnus coexistent : Alnus cordata, Alnus viridis, Alnus glutinosa et Alnus incana. L'une des équipes du Laboratoire d'Écologie Microbienne de Lyon est spécialisée dans l'étude de la symbiose actinorhizienne. Elle est l'un des leaders au niveau international dans l'étude de cette symbiose. L'intérêt pour l'étude de l'actinorhize est assez récent, aussi a-t-il a été décidé d'effectuer un travail de recherche bibliographique sur l'état des connaissances pharmacologiques des métabolites secondaires issus de la symbiose. Nous nous restreignons aux espèces françaises du genre Alnus et étendons notre répertoire aux composés non seulement actinorhiziens mais aussi racinaires. La première partie du travail est la recherche (dans la littérature) des métabolites secondaires produits aux niveaux racinaire et actinorhizien. Une petite centaine de composés différents sont identifiés, dont certains s'avèrent spécifiques des racines de l'arbre. La seconde partie du travail s'intéresse à la recherche de l'activité pharmacologique recensée pour chaque molécule identifiée précédemment. Certains composés semblent prometteurs dans de larges domaines d'activité (cancérologie, cardiologie, infectiologie)LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Intérêt de la tribu des Brassiceae (famille des Brassicacées) dans la prévention des maladies inflammatoires intestinales et du cancer colorectal

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Traitement par les plantes de la médecine traditionnelle du Sud Est Asiatique de trois pathologies inflammatoires (l'arthrose, la goutte et la gingivite)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Intérêt de l'aromathérapie dans la prise en charge des troubles gastro-intestinaux et hépatiques

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Modulation of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in Staphylococcus aureus by Osha (Ligusticum porteri L., Apiaceae) essential oil compounds

In a continuing project to characterize natural compounds with activity as modulators of MDR in Staphyloccocus aureus , Osha essential oil and extracts were evaluated. The aim of this work was to identify the active components as MDR modulators in the oil from the roots of Ligusticum porteri Coulter & Rose (Apiaceae). This essential oil was obtained by steam distillation or by solvent extraction and analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Forty‐two components were identified. Sabinyl acetate (1) (56.6%), (Z )‐ligustilide (2) (12.9%) and sabinol (3) (3.3%) were the major components of water‐distilled essential oil, while (Z )‐ligustilide (2) (39.1%), sabinyl acetate (1) (34.6%) and 4‐terpinyl acetate (4) (3.1%) were the major components of the dichloromethane extract. At a concentration of 100 µg/ml, the oil from hydrodistillation caused a two‐fold potentiation, and the oil from solvent extraction caused a four‐fold potentiation of the activity of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic norfloxacin against a norfloxacin‐resistant strain possessing the NorA MDR efflux transporter, the major chromosomal drug pump in this pathogen

Medicinal plants from the ouaddaï province (Chad): An ethnobotanical survey of plants used in traditional medicine

Background/Objective: Plants are the basis of all health care systems. This study sought to inventory the most used medicinal plants in the local therapeutic patrimony of the Ouaddai (East Chad) through an ethnobotanical investigation. Methods: The inventory described the plant parts used, their mode of preparation, and their therapeutic uses. Results: Thirty-eight plants species are used for different purposes and diseases. The most used species belongs to the Mimosaceae (eight species), Caesalpiniaceae (four species), and Combretaceae (four species) families. The traditional medicinal uses, as well as the preparations, of these plants are diverse. The used parts are leaves (36.4%), peels (23.7%), fruits (18.2%), roots (10.9%), stems (5.5%), and other (5.3%). These plants are used to treat 16 different illnesses, notably amoebiasis (26.8%), respiratory infections (14.3%), fever (12.5%), kidney stones (7.1%), snake bites (7.1%), tooth decay (5.4%), and leprosy (5.4%). Conclusion: The results obtained from this survey constitute the starting point of an inventory of local medicinal plants to be completed by phytochemical, pharmacologic, and toxicologic studies to allow good exploitation of the local medicinal flora

N-Caffeoylphenalkylamide derivatives as bacterial efflux pump inhibitors

As part of an ongoing project to identify plant natural products as efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. (Nyctaginaceae) led to the isolation of an active polyphenolic amide: N-trans-feruloyl 4′-O-methyldopamine. This compound showed moderate activity as an EPI against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus overexpressing the multidrug efflux transporter NorA, causing an 8-fold reduction of norfloxacin MIC at 292 μM (100 μg/mL). This prompted us to synthesize derivatives in order to provide structure–activity relationships and to access more potent inhibitors. Among the synthetic compounds, some were more active than the natural compound and N-trans-3,4-O-dimethylcaffeoyl tryptamine showed potentiation of norfloxacin in MDR S. aureus comparable to that of the standard reserpine