Acoustics of two-phase pipe flows

Acoustic signals that are recorded in oil pipelines contain information about the flow. In order to extract this information from the pressure recordings, detailed knowledge about the transmission properties of sound waves in the pipes is required

Gregor Mendel’s meeting with Pope Pius IX: the truth in the story.

According to Hugo Iltis, Mendel had made a journey to Italy in the 1860s, not knowing when or for what purpose. Mendel might then have also paid a visit to Pope Pius IX, and become acquainted with the “later” Cardinal Teodolfo Mertel. Oswald Richter had already discovered that Mendel had received a 3-months pass for the Italian states in mid-August 1863. In this article, I put forward new evidence and arguments that it is very likely that Mendel took part in a three weeks’ organized group tour to Italy in September 1863. This tour was organized by the same entrepreneurs as Mendel’s group tour to the International Exhibition in London a year earlier. In Rome, the group was received by the Pope. Furthermore, there were stays of several days in Naples and Florence. Because Mertel had already become Cardinal four years before this trip, this part of the story about Mertel cannot be correct. I argue that it is likely that the high dignitary whom Mendel met was Karl von Hefele, professor of church history, spokesman for the group at the meeting with the Pope. It is striking that in 1862 and 1863, Mendel could make expensive international trips, which were only affordable to the societal elite. These major international journeys illustrate Mendel’s broad interest in the world and the society of his days and contrast the view that he was a monk in recluse

A Roman Catholic Parish Church in Bedford, Massachusetts

Thesis (M.Arch.) Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture, 1956.Accompanying drawings held by MIT Museum.Bibliography: leaf 12.by Peter G. A. Van Dijk.M.Arch

Land Reform and Conflict in South Sudan: Evidence from Yei River County

Nach der Unabhängigkeit des Südsudan im Jahr 2011 wurde die Landreform zu einem wesentlichen Aspekt der Staatsbildung, teils um historisches Unrecht auszugleichen, teils aber auch, um künftige Konflikte um Land zu verhindern. Im Verlauf der Zeit wurde jedoch Land zum Ausgangspunkt für Konflikte, auch zwischen Gemeinden, in denen es keine Geschichte "ethnischer Konflikte" gab. Anhand zweier Fallstudien ländlicher Gebiete im Yei River County im Südsudan zeigen die Autoren, dass diese Konflikte vor allem aus Widersprüchen im bestehenden Rechtsrahmen für Land und Boden entstehen. Die Widersprüche selbst führen sie auf den Top-down-Ansatz der Staatsbildung zurück, der den gesellschaftlichen und ländlichen Wandel - ein Ergebnis von Kolonialismus und Bürgerkriegen - vielfach außer Acht lässt.Following South Sudanese independence in 2011, land reform became a major aspect of state building, partly to address historical injustices and partly to avoid future conflicts around land. In the process, land became a trigger for conflicts, sometimes between communities with no histories of "ethnic conflict." Drawing on cases in two rural areas in Yei River County in South Sudan, this paper shows that contradictions in the existing legal frameworks on land are mainly to blame for those conflicts. These contradictions are influenced, in turn, by the largely top-down approach to state building, which has tended to neglect changes in society and regarding land resulting from colonialism and civil wars

Exploring individual user differences in the 2D/3D interaction with medical image data

User-centered design is often performed without regard to individual user differences. In this paper, we report results of an empirical study aimed to evaluate whether computer experience and demographic user characteristics would have an effect on the way people interact with the visualized medical data in a 3D virtual environment using 2D and 3D input devices. We analyzed the interaction through performance data, questionnaires and observations. The results suggest that differences in gender, age and game experience have an effect on people’s behavior and task performance, as well as on subjective\ud user preferences

A precious metal alloy for construction of MR imaging-compatible balloon-expandable vascular stents

The authors developed ABI alloy, which mechanically resembles stainless steel 316. The main elements of ABI alloy are palladium and silver. Magnetic resonance (MR) images and radiographs of ABI alloy and stainless steel 316 stent models and of nitinol, tantalum, and Elgiloy stents were compared. ABI alloy showed the least MR imaging artifacts and was more radiopaque than stainless steel 316. ABI alloy has the potential to replace stainless steel 316 for construction of balloon-expandable MR imaging-compatible stents