Deformation of polymer films by bending forces

We study the deformation of nano--scale polymer films which are subject to external bending forces by means of computer simulation. The polymer is represented by a generalized bead--spring--model, intended to reproduce characteristic features of n--alkanes. The film is loaded by the action of a prismatic blade which is pressed into the polymer bulk from above and a pair of columns which support the film from below. The interaction between blade and support columns and the polymer is modelled by the repulsive part of a Lennard-Jones potential. For different system sizes as well as for different chainlengths, this nano--scale experiment is simulated by molecular dynamics methods. Our results allow us to give a first characterization of deformed states for such films. We resolve the kinetic and the dynamic stage of the deformation process in time and access the length scale between discrete particle and continuum mechanics behaviour. For the chainlengths considered here, we find that the deformation process is dominated by shear. We observe strangling effects for the film and deformation fluctuations in the steady state.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure

Structuring and Provision of Manufacturing knowledge through the Manufacturing Resource Ontology

One challenge in manufacturing-integrated product development is the accessibility of the required manufacturing knowledge. Here, ontologies offer the possibility to structure and formalize information in the form of a knowledge base in order to act as a generic interface to the manufacturing and design specific systems. This paper describes the development of a generic knowledge base called MARON (MAnufacturing Restriction ONtology) for the structured representation of manufacturing restrictions via formalized manufacturing capabilities. Using the example of an expert system for process element-oriented manufacturability analysis, it is shown how MARON contributes to automated decision support in the context of manufacturing-oriented design

Datenqualitätssicherung im Forschungsprozess am Beispiel von Zugversuchen

Progressive digitization throughout the entire product data life cycle requires a more sensitive handling and understanding of data within engineering processes. Regarding engineering research data, the aim is to implement the FAIR data principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) to guarantee the post-usability of research data. To ensure the quality of data throughout the entire research process a methodical approach had been developed. Based on the quality categories Intrinsic, Representative, Contextual and Available, the related quality dimensions are considered differentiated along the research data life cycle and presented in a concept. As a use case, this concept is carried out on a tensile test with documentation of results in a research data management system

A ruthenium racemisation catalyst for the synthesis of primary amines from secondary amines

A Ru-based half sandwich complex used in amine and alcohol racemization reactions was found to be active in the splitting of secondary amines to primary amines using NH3. Conversions up to 80% along with very high selectivities were achieved. However, after about 80% conversion the catalyst lost activity. Similar to Shvo's catalyst, the complex might deactivate under the influence of ammonia. It was revealed that not NH3 but mainly the primary amine is responsible for the deactivation.publishe

Platform of design method for developing mobility-preserving products

© 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. Preserving the mobility of elderly people is becoming increasingly important, as other factors of quality of life, such as autonomy or participation in social life, are connected with mobility. Starting from an analysis of elderly people as users, combined with the analysis of mobility and mobility situations, a catalog of functions is presented in this paper, which provides the basis for a methods platform to develop user adapted modular mobility-supporting systems

Design for X - Proceedings of the 25th DfX-Symposium October 2014

Das DfX-Symposium soll jungen Wissenschaftlern aus dem Bereich der Produktentwicklung eine Plattform für die Vorstellung neuer Ideen und Ansätze bieten. Zur intensiven Diskussion tragen Industrievertreter und Professoren mit ihren spezifischen Erfahrungen bei. Thematische Schwerpunkte waren in diesem Jahr wissensbasierte Produktentwicklung, Toleranzen / Robust Design, Alternsgerechte Produktentwicklung, Simulation mit digitalen Menschmodellen, Leichtbau und Design for X

Partial methylation at Am100 in 18S rRNA of baker's yeast reveals ribosome heterogeneity on the level of eukaryotic rRNA modification

Ribosome heterogeneity is of increasing biological significance and several examples have been described for multicellular and single cells organisms. In here we show for the first time a variation in ribose methylation within the 18S rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using RNA-cleaving DNAzymes, we could specifically demonstrate that a significant amount of S. cerevisiae ribosomes are not methylated at 2′-O-ribose of A100 residue in the 18S rRNA. Furthermore, using LC-UV-MS/MS of a respective 18S rRNA fragment, we could not only corroborate the partial methylation at A100, but could also quantify the methylated versus non-methylated A100 residue. Here, we exhibit that only 68% of A100 in the 18S rRNA of S.cerevisiae are methylated at 2′-O ribose sugar. Polysomes also contain a similar heterogeneity for methylated Am100, which shows that 40S ribosome subunits with and without Am100 participate in translation. Introduction of a multicopy plasmid containing the corresponding methylation guide snoRNA gene SNR51 led to an increased A100 methylation, suggesting the cellular snR51 level to limit the extent of this modification. Partial rRNA modification demonstrates a new level of ribosome heterogeneity in eukaryotic cells that might have substantial impact on regulation and fine-tuning of the translation process

Integration of a digital machine park into a research data management system

The global trend towards comprehensive digitization of technologies in product manufacturing leadings to radical changes in engineering processes and requires a new, expanded understanding in the handling of data. Especially in large interdisciplinary projects with several subprojects, the use of a research data management (RDM) system is necessary. This paper describes the concept to realise a FDM system according to FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) data principles and using open source systems. The approach is explained on the example of a digital machine park within the Collaborative Research Centre Oxygen-free production (CRC 1368)

Comparison of 18S rRNA molecules lacking the 2′-<i>O</i>-ribose methyl group at nucleotide A100 in polysomal RNA and total RNA.

<p>Polysomal RNA and total RNA isolated from wild type cells that were grown in YEPD medium to exponential phase was incubated with or without the DNAzyme 10–23-snR51-A100 and afterwards analyzed by gel analysis. The RNA band marked with an asterisk represents the large 18S rRNA fragment after cleavage at nucleotide A100.</p