Exclusive breastfeeding protects against postpartum migraine recurrence attacks?

Objectives: To observe postpartum migraine recurrence among migraine sufferers before pregnancy, its classifications and associated factors and to compare women, who were exclusively breastfeeding, with those that used other forms of infant feeding. Methods: Out of 686 consecutively assisted women, at the first postnatal week, 266 were identified as migraine sufferers before pregnancy. Among those, one in five that were exclusively breastfeeding (53) and all the ones consecutively using others forms of infant feeding (40) were interviewed at the first and forth postpartum weeks. Results: After multivariable analysis, exclusive breastfeeding, no breastfeeding problems, and low income were associated with decrease in migraine recurrence at the first postpartum week. At the fourth week, exclusive breastfeeding continued to be a protective factor. Conclusions: A decrease in postpartum migraine recurrence seems to be another advantage of exclusive breastfeeding

Estudos sorológicos e parasitologies na Amebíase e em outras infecções parasitárias intestinais em Recife e áreas circunvizinhas, nordeste do Brasil

Parasitological examinations were carried out during April to August, 1987, with 187 out-patients of the IMIP hospital, located in the center of Recife City, and 464 inhabitants of several villages around Cabo City, 50 Km southeast of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Approximately 71% of the IMIP patients and 92% of the Cabo inhabitants were infected with at least one species of intestinal parasite. There was minimum difference in the prevalence rate of Trichuris trichiura between two areas, whereas the prevalence rates of Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworms, Strongyloides stercoralis, Schistosoma mansoni and Entamoeba histolytica were higher in the inhabitants of the Cabo City area. Only Giardia lamblia was more prevalent in the out-patients of IMIP hospital. Test tube cultivation revealed that the prevalence rate of Necator americanus in both areas was much higher than that of Ancylostoma duodenale , and also that the prevalence rate of S. stercoralis of the IMIP patients and Cabo inhabitants were 4.5% and 9.6%, respectively. Six hundred and fifteen sera were serologically examined for amoebiasis by the gel diffusion precipitation test (GDP) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the antigen prepared from axenically cultured trophozoite of E. histolytica (strain HM-ITMSS). No positive reaction was observed in all of the sera as examined by GDP, while 32 out of 615 sera were positive on ELISA.Exames parasitológies foram realizados em 187 pacientes do Hospital do IMIP e 464 habitantes de vários vilarejos no município do Cabo, 50 Km à sudeste de Recife, durante os meses de abril a agosto. Aproximadamente 71% dos pacientes examinados do IMIP e 92% dos examinados do Cabo apresentavam-se infectados com, no mínimo, uma espécie de parasita intestinal. Houve uma diferença mínima na taxa de prevalência de Trichuris trichiura entre as duas áreas, entretanto a prevalência de Ascaris lumbricoides, família Ancylostomidae, Strongyloides stercoralis, Schistosoma mansoni e Entamoeba histolytica foi maior entre os habitantes do Cabo. Somente a Giardia lamblia apresentou uma taxa de prevalência maior nos pacientes do IMIP. O cultivo em tubo de ensaio revelou que a prevalência do Necator americanus em relação a do Ancylostoma duodenale era muito maior em ambas as áreas e que a do S. stercoralis entre os pacientes do IMIP e dos habitantes do Cabo era, respectivamente, 4.5% e 9.6%. A amebíase foi verificada através de exames sorológicos, imunodifusão em gel (GDP) e enzima imunoensaio (ELISA), usando como antígeno extrato bruto preparado a partir dos trofozoitos de E. histolytica (cepa HM-1: IMSS), realizados em 615 soros, onde nenhuma reação positiva aparente foi observada através da imunodifusão, contudo foram observados resultados positivos em 32 dos 615 casos através da enzima imunoensaio

Parasitological and serological studies on Amoebiasis and other intestinal parasitic infections in Recife and its suburban area, northeast Brazil

Parasitological examinations were carried out during April to August, 1987, with 187 out-patients of the IMIP hospital, located in the center of Recife City, and 464 inhabitants of several villages around Cabo City, 50 Km southeast of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Approximately 71% of the IMIP patients and 92% of the Cabo inhabitants were infected with at least one species of intestinal parasite. There was minimum difference in the prevalence rate of Trichuris trichiura between two areas, whereas the prevalence rates of Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworms, Strongyloides stercoralis, Schistosoma mansoni and Entamoeba histolytica were higher in the inhabitants of the Cabo City area. Only Giardia lamblia was more prevalent in the out-patients of IMIP hospital. Test tube cultivation revealed that the prevalence rate of Necator americanus in both areas was much higher than that of Ancylostoma duodenale , and also that the prevalence rate of S. stercoralis of the IMIP patients and Cabo inhabitants were 4.5% and 9.6%, respectively. Six hundred and fifteen sera were serologically examined for amoebiasis by the gel diffusion precipitation test (GDP) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the antigen prepared from axenically cultured trophozoite of E. histolytica (strain HM-ITMSS). No positive reaction was observed in all of the sera as examined by GDP, while 32 out of 615 sera were positive on ELISA

Fatores associados à prática do aleitamento materno exclusivo por pelo menos seis meses no estado de Pernambuco

INTRODU&#199;&#195;O: Apesar do consenso cient&#237;fico sobre os benef&#237;cios que a amamenta&#231;&#227;o proporciona &#224; m&#227;e, &#224; crian&#231;a, &#224; fam&#237;lia e ao pr&#243;prio meio ambiente, al&#233;m da recomenda&#231;&#227;o para que sua pr&#225;tica seja realizada de forma exclusiva nos seis primeiros meses de vida, essa conduta est&#225; longe de ser alcan&#231;ada. OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores associados &#224; amamenta&#231;&#227;o exclusiva (AME) por pelo menos seis meses, em contraponto ao desmame total at&#233; o segundo m&#234;s de vida no estado de Pernambuco. M&#201;TODO: Estudo caso-controle reunindo 124 casos (AME por pelo menos seis meses) pareados por idade e sexo com 248 controles (desmame total at&#233; o segundo m&#234;s). Casos e controles foram oriundos da III Pesquisa Estadual de Sa&#250;de e Nutri&#231;&#227;o. Foram selecionadas como vari&#225;veis de exposi&#231;&#227;o: idade e escolaridade materna, renda familiar, zona de moradia, consultas pr&#233;-natais, tipo de parto e profissional que o assistiu e orienta&#231;&#227;o sobre amamenta&#231;&#227;o no pr&#233;-natal. Foi aplicada regress&#227;o log&#237;stica nas vari&#225;veis que apresentaram um valor de p < 0,2 nas an&#225;lises bivariadas, adotando para a inclus&#227;o no modelo final o n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Dos 8 agrupamentos de vari&#225;veis consideradas como poss&#237;veis preditoras do AME por pelo menos 6 meses, mantiveram-se como fatores associados a idade materna entre 20 - 35 anos, sendo a odds ratio (OR) 2,5 e o intervalo de confian&#231;a de 95% (IC95%) 1,4 - 4,5; e a escolaridade de 5 - 8 anos de estudo (OR 2,1; IC95% 1,2 - 3,6). CONCLUS&#195;O: O estudo mostra que ainda s&#227;o necess&#225;rias mobiliza&#231;&#245;es dos poderes p&#250;blicos e est&#237;mulo &#224;s pesquisas em prol do sucesso do AME e da sa&#250;de materno-infantil