The potential impact of climate change on annual and seasonal mortality for three cities in Québec, Canada

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The impact of climate change and particularly increasing temperature on mortality has been examined for three cities in the province of Québec, Canada.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Generalized linear Poisson regression has been fitted to the total daily mortality for each city. Smooth parametric cubic splines of temperature and humidity have been used to do nonlinear modeling of these parameters. The model, to control for day of the week and for non-temperature seasonal factors, used a smooth function of time, including delayed effects. The model was then used to assess variation in mortality for simulated future temperatures obtained from an atmospheric General Circulation Model coupled with downscaling regression techniques. Two CO₂emission scenarios are considered (scenarios A2 and B2). Projections are made for future periods around year 2020 (2010–2039), 2050 (2040–2069) and 2080 (2070–2099).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A significant association between mortality and current temperature has been found for the three cities. Under CO₂emission scenarios A2 and B2, the mortality model predicts a significant increase in mortality in the summertime, and a smaller, but significant decrease in the fall season. The slight variations in projected mortality for future winter and spring seasons were found to be not statistically significant. The variations in projected annual mortality are dominated by an increase in mortality in the summer, which is not balanced by the decrease in mortality in the fall and winter seasons. The summer increase and the annual mortality range respectively from about 2% and 0.5% for the 2020 period, to 10% and 3% for the years around 2080. The difference between the mortality variations projected with the A2 or B2 scenarios was not statistically significant.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>For the three cities, the two CO₂emission scenarios considered led to an increase in annual mortality, which contrasts with most European countries, where the projected increase in summer mortality with respect to climate change is overbalanced by the decrease in winter mortality. This highlights the importance of place in such analyses. The method proposed here to establish these estimates is general and can also be applied to small cities, where mortality rates are relatively low (ex. two deaths/day).</p

INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT IN CANADA

This report explores the engagement between Indigenous Peoples and the Responsible Investment (RI) industry in Canada. Based on interviews with stakeholders, observation of industry conferences, and documentary evidence collected during the first year of the pandemic (i.e., March 2020-March 2021), this report offers an overview of the current discussions regarding Indigenous Peoples in the RI industry. RI is an investment approach that incorporates Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into the selection and management of investments (RIA, 2021). In 2019, the Responsible Investment Association (RIA) estimated that assets in Canada managed using one or more RI strategies2 were worth $3.2 trillion, or 61.8 per cent, of total Canadian assets under management (RIA, 2020)

Introduction : Enjeux de la ritualisation judiciaire – une réflexion sur les formes du procès (Introduction: Issues of judicial ritualisation, a reflection on the forms of the trial)

Ce dossier est consacr&eacute; &agrave; la ritualisation judiciaire, non d&rsquo;abord dans une perspective descriptive ou comparative mais d&rsquo;un point de vue conceptuel : il s&rsquo;agit, pour nous, d&rsquo;interroger ce que manifeste la mise-en-&oelig;uvre de pratiques codifi&eacute;es, devant les tribunaux. Dans cette introduction, nous pr&eacute;cisons cet objet puis justifions l&rsquo;approche interdisciplinaire qu&rsquo;en proposent les contributeurs &agrave; ce dossier, avant d&rsquo;inscrire la r&eacute;flexion dans un contexte g&eacute;n&eacute;ral : la ritualisation judiciaire conna&icirc;t actuellement d&rsquo;importantes mutations, souvent peu probl&eacute;matis&eacute;es alors m&ecirc;me qu&rsquo;elles s&rsquo;articulent aux fonctions et au pouvoir du droit. This special issue focuses on judicial ritualization, at a conceptual (more than descriptive or comparative) level : it aims at understanding the functions of codified practices before courts. This introduction defines our research object and justifies our interdisciplinary approach, before contextualizing our reflection : important changes as regards ritualization are implemented today, while their articulation with the functions and power of law often remain unproblematized. Este n&uacute;mero especial se centra en la ritualizaci&oacute;n judicial, en un nivel conceptual (m&aacute;s que descriptivo o comparativo): se propone entender las funciones de las pr&aacute;cticas codificadas que se realizan en los tribunales. Esta introducci&oacute;n define el objeto de nuestra investigaci&oacute;n y justifica nuestro enfoque interdisciplinar, previo a contextualizar nuestra reflexi&oacute;n: hoy en d&iacute;a se implementan importantes cambios en la ritualizaci&oacute;n, en tanto que su articulaci&oacute;n con las funciones y el poder del derecho contin&uacute;a sin ponerse en cuesti&oacute;n. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=3212635</a

Transport en atelier flexible : paramétrage du cahier des charges de chariots automoteurs

Un cahier des charges pour chariots automoteurs -- Les paramètres du cahier des charges -- La manipulation des charges -- Le système de commande -- Le cahier des charges du système de transport de LURPA

The prevention of lower urinary tract symptoms (PLUS) research consortium: A transdisciplinary approach toward promoting bladder health and preventing lower urinary tract symptoms in women across the life course

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are highly prevalent in women, and are expected to impose a growing burden to individuals and society as the population ages. The predominance of research related to LUTS has focused on underlying pathology, disease mechanisms, or the efficacy of treatments for women with LUTS. Although this research has been vital for helping to reduce or ameliorate LUTS conditions, it has done little to prevent the onset of LUTS. Health promotion and prevention require an expansion of scientific inquiry beyond the traditional paradigm of studying disease mechanisms and treatment to the creation of an evidence base to support recommendations for bladder health promotion and, in turn, prevention of LUTS. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) introduced the concept of prevention as an important priority for women's urologic research as a prelude to supporting the formation of the Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) research consortium. In this article, we introduce the PLUS research consortium to the scientific community; share the innovative paradigms by which the consortium operates; and describe its unique research mission: to identify factors that promote bladder health across the life course and prevent the onset of LUTS in girls and women

Advanced Topics in Emergency Medicine: Curriculum Development and Initial Evaluation

<p>Background: Emergency medicine (EM) is a young specialty and only recently has a recommended medical student curriculum been developed. Currently, many schools do not require students to complete a mandatory clerkship in EM, and if one is required, it is typically an overview of the specialty.</p> <p>Objectives: We developed a 10-month longitudinal elective to teach subject matter and skills in EM to fourth-year medical students interested in the specialty. Our goal was producing EM residents with the knowledge and skills to excel at the onset of their residency. We hoped to prove that students participating in this rigorous 10-month longitudinal EM elective would feel well prepared for residency.</p> <p>Methods: We studied the program with an end-of-the-year, Internet-based, comprehensive course evaluation completed by each participant of the first 2 years of the course. Graduates rated each of the course components by using a 5-point Likert format from ‘‘strongly disagree’’ to ‘‘strongly agree,’’ either in terms of whether the component was beneficial to them or whether the course expectations were appropriate, or their perceptions related to the course.</p> <p>Results: Graduates of this elective have reported feeling well prepared to start residency. The resident-led teaching shifts, Advanced Pediatric Life Support certification, Grand Rounds presentations, Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support proficiency testing, and ultrasound component, were found to be beneficial by all students.</p> <p>Conclusions: Our faculty believes that participating students will be better prepared for an EM residency than those students just completing a 1-month clerkship. Our data, although limited, lead us to believe that a longitudinal, immersion-type experience assists fourth-year medical students in preparation for residency. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(4):543–550.]</p