Legal uncertainty in face of the impediment for exercising the public action of unconstitutionality within the special peace process

This research document seeks to identify to what extent the legislative acts issued under the special peace procedures generate legal certainty, considering that its constitutional control is performed only for procedural flaws in its formation and sua sponte, without allowing citizens to pursue the public action of constitutionality. For this reason, the legal nature of these mentioned legislative acts must be established, and also determine the constitutionality process, as stipulated by the Constitutional Court. In addition, it is evidenced that this legal imbalance has a solution through the different types of decisions the constitutional court can issue, for the purpose of exercising material and formal control over the reforming acts. In this particular case, issuing a judgment that interprets and makes an addition to the implementation of the peace agreement, with the purpose of ensuring the primary constitutional power and the participatory democracy as a fundamental characteristic of a democratic and constitutional social rule of law

Inseguridad jurídica ante el impedimento del ejercicio de la acción pública de inconstitucionalidad dentro del proceso especial para la paz

This research document seeks to identify to what extent the legislative acts issued under the special peace procedures generate legal certainty, considering that its constitutional control is performed only for procedural flaws in its formation and sua sponte, without allowing citizens to pursue the public action of constitutionality. For this reason, the legal nature of these mentioned legislative acts must be established, and also determine the constitutionality process, as stipulated by the Constitutional Court. In addition, it is evidenced that this legal imbalance has a solution through the different types of decisions the constitutional court can issue, for the purpose of exercising material and formal control over the reforming acts. In this particular case, issuing a judgment that interprets and makes an addition to the implementation of the peace agreement, with the purpose of ensuring the primary constitutional power and the participatory democracy as a fundamental characteristic of a democratic and constitutional social rule of law.Este trabalho de pesquisa pretende identificar em que medida os atos legislativos que são expedidos sob o procedimento especial para à paz, geram segurança jurídica, em favor de que seu controle de constitucionalidade só se realiza por vícios de procedimento em sua formação e de ofício, sem permitir que se possa incoar por parte do cidadão a ação pública de constitucionalidade; razão pela qual é necessário estabelecer a natureza jurídica de estes atos legislativos e determinar o processo de constitucionalidade, conforme ao estabelecido pela Corte Constitucional, assim mesmo, evidencia-se que este desequilíbrio jurídico tem solução através da emissão de diferentes tipologias de sentencias que pode realizar a Corte Constitucional, com o objetivo de exercer um controle material e formal sobre estes atos reformatórios, sendo no caso concreto a expedição de uma sentença que interprete e adicione a implementação do acordo de paz, com o propósito de garantir o poder constituinte primário e a democracia participativa como característica fundamental de um Estado social, constitucional e democrático de direito.El presente trabajo investigativo pretende identificar en qué medida los actos legislativos que son expedidos bajo el procedimiento especial para la paz, generan seguridad jurídica, en aras de que su control de constitucionalidad solo se realiza por vicios de procedimiento en su formación y de oficio, sin permitir que se pueda incoar por parte del ciudadano la acción pública de constitucionalidad; razón por la cual se hace necesario establecer la naturaleza jurídica de dichos actos legislativos y determinar el proceso de constitucionalidad, de conformidad con lo establecido por la Corte Constitucional, así mismo, se evidencia que este desbalance jurídico tiene solución a través de la emisión de diferentes tipologías de sentencias que puede realizar la Corte Constitucional, con el fin de ejercer un control material y formal sobre dichos actos reformatorios, siendo en el caso concreto la expedición de una sentencia que interprete y adicione la implementación del acuerdo de paz, con el propósito de garantizar el poder constituyente primario, y la democracia participativa como característica fundamental de un Estado social, constitucional y democrático de derecho

Impact and evaluation of the risk in contingent debt pensional of Colombia.

Este estudio esclarece los conceptos de deuda pública cierta respecto a la deuda contingente e identifica su impacto en la sostenibilidad de las finanzas públicas del país. Los razonamientos que se hacen acerca de la sostenibilidad de la deuda es decir, si la deuda de un país puede ser otorgada sin una gran corrección futura en el balance de ingresos y gastos, se dirigen a determinar en qué momento es apropiado para un país refinanciar y sí una reestructuración de la deuda puede ser necesaria. En la parte siguiente se realiza un análisis sobre la incertidumbre alrededor de las proyecciones de la deuda y el servicio de la deuda, la cual se relaciona con los derechos contingentes , tales como los definidos con las garantías explícitas o implícitas de la deuda o de los pasivos pensionales contingentes. Bajo el enfoque de los derechos contingentes en un nivel agregado, se analizan los puntos de incertidumbre mencionados, estimando el riesgo de crédito del gobierno central en este caso (probabilidad de default), evaluando los costos potenciales de las transferencias y calculando el spread sobre la deuda pública. Posteriormente se examina la estructura y operación del sistema pensional colombiano en la actualidad, evaluando múltiples factores de riesgo que afectan el escenario del sistema colombiano de pensiones tanto en el presente como en el futuro. Finalmente, con base en una gama de alternativas técnicas de valoración del riesgo y su implementación para el escenario de la seguridad social se ilustra la problemática del riesgo que encierra la deuda pensional en Colombia proyectando variables clave como: el salario, las cotizaciones, el empleo y el PIE. Con base en dichas proyecciones, se analiza el costo fiscal y la viabilidad de la garantía de pensión núnima.This study clarifies, the concepts of certain national debt with respect to the contingent debt as well as it identifies his impact in the sustainability ofthe public finances ofthe country. The reasoning that become about the sustainability ofthe debt, that is to say, if the debt of a country can be granted without a great future correction in the balance of income and expenses, go to determine in what moment a country is appropriate to refinance and when a reconstruction of the debt can be necessary. In the following part, an analysis is made on the uncertainty around the projections ofthe debt and the service ofthe debt, which is related to the contingent rights, such as the defined ones with the explicit or implicit guarantees ofthe debt or the contingent pensionales liabilities. Under the approach of the contingent rights in a added level, the mentioned points ofuncertainty are analyzed. We consider the risk of credit of the central goverrunent in this case (probability of default), evaluating the potential costs of the transferences and calculating spread on the national debt. Later it is examined the structure and operation del Colombian pensional system at the present time, evaluating multiple factors ofrisk that affect the scene as much ofthe Colombian system ofpensions today as in the future. Finally, with base in a range of teclmical alternatives of valuation of the risk and its implementation for the scene of the social security the problematic one of the risk acquires knowledge that locks up the pensional debt in variable Colombia projecting key like: the wage, the quotations, the employment and the GDP. With base in these projections, one analyzes the fiscal cost and the viability of the guarantee ofminimum pension