Organizational Change and the Analytic Third: Locating and Attending to Unconscious Organizational Psychodynamics

doi:10.1057/palgrave.pcs.2100116This article examines the concept of the analytic third in psychoanalysis and psychoanalytically informed organizational change. The analytic third is often defined as the psychological(triangular) space between self and other, subject and object, fantasy and reality - the third dimension that emerges from two persons fully engaged in the exploration of unconscious meanings, reasons, motives and actions. In neo-Kleinian object relations, it is viewed as the intersubjective dimension of transference and counter- transference, or the emergence in analytic work of the observation and experience of ''I-as-subject'' and ''Me-as-object''(Ogden, 1994). The analytic third is what we create when we make genuine contact with one another at a deeper emotional level of experience whether in dyads, groups, communities, or organizations. It might be understood as akin to but not synonymous with Winnicott's (1971) notion of the transitional and potential space, where culture, play, creativity and imagination,reside. A case illustration is provided to better articulate the nature of the analytic third in the processes of observing, participating, and intervening in organizations.Includes bibliographical reference

Moral Violence in Organizations: Hierarchic Dominance and the Absence of Potential Space

Further issues of the journal "Organisational and Social Dynamics: An International Journal of Psychoanalytic, Systemic and Group Relations Perspectives" may be found at http://karnacbooks.metapress.com/content/120476/?p=afbd0cccf1964497a232ef8eeea8d8eaπ=0The authors introduce the concept of moral violence in organizations, by which they refer to emotionally and psychologically abusive and harmful workplace cultures. These narcissistic, organizational cultures, are, hierarchically, governed by arbitrary use of power and authority, sadistic-masochistic, relational patterns of dominance and submission, and an absence of potential space for dialogue and play. Providing several vignettes, the authors illustrate the prevalence of moral violence in managerial practices that result in dehumanizing and demoralizing the workforce. In so doing, the authors take an object relational and self-psychological, psychoanalytic perspective in understanding and working with morally violent organizations.Includes bibliographical reference

Organizational Immersion and Diagnosis: The Work of Harry Levinson

Further issues of the journal "Organisational and Social Dynamics: An International Journal of Psychoanalytic, Systemic and Group Relations Perspectives" may be found at http://karnacbooks.metapress.com/content/120476/?p=afbd0cccf1964497a232ef8eeea8d8eaπ=0In the following, I present readers with an overview of Harry Levinson's contributions to psychoanalytic organization psychology. Then, I share excerpts from an interview conducted with him in August 2002 during the American Psychological Association meetings in Chicago, Illinois. Finally, I provide a listing of his books and articles,which include published works not reviewed here. My intent is to offer readers a perspective on his impact on the psychoanalytic study of organizations.Includes bibliographical reference

A single mutation in the envelope protein modulates flavivirus antigenicity, stability, and pathogenesis

The structural flexibility or 'breathing' of the envelope (E) protein of flaviviruses allows virions to sample an ensemble of conformations at equilibrium. The molecular basis and functional consequences of virus conformational dynamics are poorly understood. Here, we identified a single mutation at residue 198 (T198F) of the West Nile virus (WNV) E protein domain I-II hinge that regulates virus breathing. The T198F mutation resulted in a ~70-fold increase in sensitivity to neutralization by a monoclonal antibody targeting a cryptic epitope in the fusion loop. Increased exposure of this otherwise poorly accessible fusion loop epitope was accompanied by reduced virus stability in solution at physiological temperatures. Introduction of a mutation at the analogous residue of dengue virus (DENV), but not Zika virus (ZIKV), E protein also increased accessibility of the cryptic fusion loop epitope and decreased virus stability in solution, suggesting that this residue modulates the structural ensembles sampled by distinct flaviviruses at equilibrium in a context dependent manner. Although the T198F mutation did not substantially impair WNV growth kinetics in vitro, studies in mice revealed attenuation of WNV T198F infection. Overall, our study provides insight into the molecular basis and the in vitro and in vivo consequences of flavivirus breathing

Surfacing Perversions of Democracy in the Workplace: A Contemporary Psychoanalytic Project

doi:10.1057/palgrave.pcs.2100064In this paper, we explore the psychodynamics of democracy in the workplace with a particular focus on unconscious and collusive forms of perverting democratic processes at work. We suggest that interpersonally and collectively the dialectical interplay between (1) autistic-contiguous, (2) paranoid-schizoid, and (3) depressive modes of experience and organized perceptions, which are necessary to the containment of divisions and conflicts in democratic organizations, is vulnerable to stress, anxiety, and psychological defenses that foster regression and collapse into more oppressive, authoritarian, and sadistic political cultures. With the objective of understanding perversions to democracy in the workplace, we find that a contemporary psychoanalytic view of organizations is more instructive than mainstream organization theory or that found in Foucault's writings on power and institutions.Includes bibliographical reference

Dendritic cells in dengue virus infection: Targets of virus replication and mediators of immunity

Dendritic cells (DCs) are sentinels of the immune system and detect pathogens at sites of entry, such as the skin. In addition to the ability of DCs to control infections directly via their innate immune functions, DCs help to prime adaptive B and T cell responses via antigen presentation in lymphoid tissues. Infected Aedes aegypti or Ae. albopictus mosquitoes transmit the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes to humans while probing for small blood vessels in the skin. DENV causes the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in humans, yet no vaccine or specific therapeutic is currently approved. Although primary DENV infection confers life-long protective immunity against re-infection with the same DENV serotype, secondary infection with a different DENV serotype can lead to increased disease severity via cross-reactive T cells or enhancing antibodies. This review summarizes recent findings in humans and animal models about DENV infection of DCs, monocytes and macrophages. We discuss the dual role of DCs as both targets of DENV replication and mediators of innate and adaptive immunity, and summarize immune evasion strategies whereby DENV impairs the function of infected DCs. We suggest that DCs play a key role in priming DENV-specific neutralizing or potentially harmful memory B and T cell responses, and that future DC-directed therapies may help induce protective memory responses and reduce dengue pathogenesis

Performance of CURB-65 in predicting mortality of patients with community-acquired pneumonia in Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Various objective scoring systems were developed to standardize the approach to the designation of severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). There is limited data on the use of CURB-65 among admitted CAP patients in Saudi Arabia.  Methodology: The retrospective study included CAP patients, admitted to a general hospital in Eastern Saudi Arabia. The CURB-65 was extracted from the available medical records. Results: During the study period, from 2013 to 2016, a total of 1786 adults were admitted with a mean age of 63.9 ± 21.7 (range 14-108 years). The majority of the patients (51.7%) had CURB-65 score 0 or 1 followed by the score 2, 3 and 4/5 (29%, 15.2%, and 4.1%, respectively).  The mean CURB-65 was 1.4 ± 1.12 for those who survived and 2.27 ± 1.03 for those who died (p < 0.001). The mean age was 63.01± 21.9 years for survived patients and 75.1 ± 15.58 years for fatal cases (p < 0.001). The overall 30-day crude mortality rate was 7.6%. The mortality rates for CURB-65 scores 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4/5 were 1.8%, 4.3%, 10.2%, 14%, and 21.9%, respectively. Conclusions: The mortality rates of admitted patients with CAP did not differ from those reported in the literature. However, the utilization of CURB-65 score was low and there is a need for wider implementation of pneumonia severity index for patients presenting with CAP

Host cell-intrinsic innate immune recognition of SARS-CoV-2

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged at the end of 2019 and caused the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Basic and clinical investigations indicate that severe forms of COVID-19 are due in part to dysregulated immune responses to virus infection. The innate immune system is the first line of host defense against most virus infections, with pathogen recognition receptors detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA and protein components and initiating pro-inflammatory and antiviral responses. Notwithstanding this response, SARS-CoV-2 proteins evade, inhibit, and skew innate immune signaling early in infection. In this review, we highlight the components of cell-based recognition of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the mechanisms employed by the virus to modulate these innate immune host defense pathways

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