36 research outputs found
Escape from a zero current state in a one dimensional array of Josephson junctions
A long one dimensional array of small Josephson junctions exhibits Coulomb
blockade of Cooper pair tunneling. This zero current state exists up to a
switching voltage, Vsw, where there is a sudden onset of current. In this paper
we present histograms showing how Vsw changes with temperature for a long array
and calculations of the corresponding escape rates. Our analysis of the problem
is based on the existence of a voltage dependent energy barrier and we do not
make any assumptions about its shape. The data divides up into two temperature
regimes, the higher of which can be explained with Kramers thermal escape
model. At low temperatures the escape becomes independent of temperature.Comment: 4 pages 5 figure
Vibrational States of the Hydrogen Isotopes on Pd(111)
The ground and excited vibrational states for the three hydrogen isotopes on
the Pd(111) surface have been calculated. Notable features of these states are
the high degree of anharmonicity, which is most prominently seen in the weak
isotopic dependence of the parallel vibrational transition, and the narrow
bandwidths of these states, which imply that atomic hydrogen is localized on a
particular surface site on time scales of 100 picoseconds or more. Experiments
to resolve ambiguities concerning the present system are suggested.Comment: Surface Science Letters, 302, L305 (1994