Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles in Exploratory Energy Research

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles are a special class of nanoparticles that exhibit hyperthermic effects when placed under an alternating magnetic field. The applications of these particles have been previously limited to biomedical fields, as an alternative to traditional cancer treatment, targeted drug delivery systems, and to enhance MRI contrast. The potential for use in energy and propulsion applications has been less explored, despite the vast promise these particles provide. The magnetic hyperthermia that results from superparamagnetism could benefit an engine’s efficiency by preheating the fuel, thus reducing the energy required to perform combustion. Two types of nanoparticles, Cu0.1Ni0.9Mn2O4 and magnetite (Fe3O4), were synthesized via the coprecipitation method and coated with oleic acid and PEG5000 to promote dispersion. These particles were then characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The heating properties were investigated through the use of an externally applied alternating magnetic field (AMF) and the measured corresponding temperature rise over time. This exploratory research shows great promise for the potential application of these nanoparticles as a fuel additive to enhance engine performance and suggests further research in this area should be conducted