Gene tree reconciliation: new developments in Bayesian concordance analysis with BUCKy

When phylogenetic trees inferred from different genes are incongruent, several methods are available to reconcile gene trees and extract the shared phylogenetic information from the sequence data. Bayesian Concordance Analysis, implemented in BUCKy, aims to extract the vertical signal and to infer clusters of genes that share the same tree topology. The new version of BUCKy includes a quartet-based estimate of the species tree with branch lengths in coalescent units

Was Soft Power used during the Cold War?

On December 25, 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as the leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics which resulted in the formal conclusion of the Cold War. The Cold War was an ideological battle between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics from the mid-1940s until 1991. I have decided to put the beginning date of the Cold War as March 5, 1946, while the end date is December 25, 1991. During the Cold War, there was a new form of power which was coined by Joseph Nye. Scholars have questioned the influence of soft versus hard power during the Cold War. Soft power, according to Joseph Nye, is the ability of “a country to persuade others to do what it wants without force or coercion.” Emerging from this is my research question which asks: did the use of soft power, through the use of culture, sports, films, and music, contribute to the outcome of the Cold War? By using the method process tracing and a wide variety of variables, I can answer my question in the affirmative. The United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics did engage in a different kind of war and the winner was the United States through their use of soft power

Patrick B. Connelly: A Biography

Patrick B. Connelly was born in 1802. From information gathered. It seems that in a few short years he became a prosperous farmer in the Jefferson County area of Georgia. Mr. Connelly was a major slave owner throughout his lifetime.https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/sav-bios-lane/1040/thumbnail.jp

How Does Hybrid Project Management Contribute to Managing Change in a Volatile and Uncertain Context in the Financial Services Industry: An Interpretive Multiple Case Study

Organizations, governments, and individuals around the globe are currently experiencing Industry 4.0 (also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, 4IR, or I4.0), as evidenced by new disruptive technologies appearing on a global scale at an unprecedented rate. This environment might be best described as volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA). Although organizations utilize a wide range of management methods to overcome unexpected challenges, including both organization development and change management, project management has emerged as a critical strategic competency for the delivery of strategic initiatives to increase business value. Organizations are increasingly gravitating toward the use of hybrid project management (HPM), as there are many limitations associated with using waterfall project management or agile project management exclusively. The primary research question is: How do project managers perform hybrid project management (HPM) to respond to and successfully manage change? A multiple case study approach developed by Stake was used to understand the lived experiences of individuals utilizing HPM in financial services organizations. Each participant was treated as a separate case study. Five participants working for financial services organizations with at least five years’ experience as non-IT project managers were interviewed. Interviews were transcribed, memos produced, and data was analyzed to establish nine significant themes. The study\u27s findings may be beneficial to individuals, organizations, and the field regarding HPM considerations. The study yielded two proposed models: the first aims to aid individual practitioners in mastering the necessary skills and roles required for implementing HPM, while the second is a nine-step model designed to operationalize HPM in practice

Concanavalin A-Binding Enzymes of Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus Venom

Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus crude venom was separated into two fractions by Concanavalin A Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography. The proteins binding to Con A exhibited phosphomonoesterase (orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase EC 3.1.3.2), phosphodiesterase, 5\u27-nucleotidase (5\u27-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase EC 3.1.3.5), phospholipase A(phosphatidate 2-acylhydrolase EC 3.1.1 .4), hyaluronidase (hyaluronate glycanohydrolase EC 3.2.1 d), N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl esterase, p-toluenesulfonyl-L-arginine methyl esterase, L-amino acid oxidase (L-amino acid: 02 oxidoreductase [deaminating] EC 1.4.3.2), and caseinolytic activities. Thrombin-like and NAD nucleosidase (5\u27-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase EC 3.1.3.5) activities were not observed. The crude venom and the fraction containing the glycoproteins which bound to Con A were fractionated by DEAE Sephadex A-50 ion exchange chromatography. Each of these samples yielded fractions having caseinolytic activities

Concanavalin A-Nonbinding Enzymes of Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus Venom

Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus crude venom was separated into two fractions by Concanavalin A Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography. The Concanavalin A-nonbinding fraction (F-l) exhibited phosphomonoesterase (orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase EC 3.1 .3.2), phosphodiesterase, 5 \u27-nucleotidase (5 \u27-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase EC 3.1.3.5), phospholipase A (phosphatidate 2-acylhydrolase EC 3.1.1.4), hyaluronidase (hyaluronate glycanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.d), N-benzoyl-Larginine ethyl esterase, p-toluenesulfonyl-L-arginine methyl esterase, L-amino acid oxidase (L-amino acid: O2 oxidoreductase [deaminating] EC 1.4.3.2), and caseinolytic activities. Thrombin-like and NAD nucleosidase (5 \u27-ribonudeotide phosphohydrolase EC 3.1.3.5) activities were not observed. DEAE Sephadex A-50 ion exchange chromatography by two stage elution of F-l yielded several fractions having proteinase activities. Proteinase activity was observed in the latter fractions of the first elution and in the fractions of the second elution

Labor Law - Collective Bargaining - Right of Power of Municipalities to Engage in Collective Bargaining

Plaintiff, Weakley County Municipal Electric System, sought to enjoin defendant union members and unions from continuing alleged picketing, intimidation of non-strikers and other acts incidental to a strike. Defendants had gone on strike to compel plaintiffs to recognize Local Union 835, IBEW, as the bargaining agent of plaintiffs\u27 employees and to sign a contract with the union. The chancellor granted a permanent injunction on the ground that the strike was illegal and against public policy, as a municipality has no right or power to bargain collectively. On appeal to the Tennessee Court of Appeals, held, affirmed. Even though the county was acting in a proprietary capacity in operating a public utility, it had no authority, absent express statutory authorization, to bargain collectively with its employees as the union demanded; as even peaceful picketing for an unlawful purpose may be enjoined, the permanent injunction was properly granted. Weakley County Municipal Electric System v. Vick, (Tenn. App. 1957) 33 CCH Lab. Gas. ¶70,874

Ionization Structure and the Reverse Shock in E0102-72

The young oxygen-rich supernova remnant E0102-72 in the Small Magellanic Cloud has been observed with the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer of Chandra. The high resolution X-ray spectrum reveals images of the remnant in the light of individual emission lines of oxygen, neon, magnesium and silicon. The peak emission region for hydrogen-like ions lies at larger radial distance from the SNR center than the corresponding helium-like ions, suggesting passage of the ejecta through the "reverse shock". We examine models which test this interpretation, and we discuss the implications.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures; To appear in "Young Supernova Remnants" (11th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland), S. S. Holt & U. Hwang (eds), AIP, New York (2001

A Distributed Computational Architecture for Integrating Multiple Biomolecular Pathways

Biomolecular pathways are building blocks of cellular biochemical function. Computational biology is in rapid transition from diagrammatic representation of pathways to quantitative and predictive mathematical models, which span time-scales, knowledge domains and spatial-scales. This transition is being accelerated by high-throughput experimentation which isolates reactions and their corresponding rate constants. A grand challenge of systems biology is to model the whole cell by integrating these emerging quantitative biomolecular pathway models. Current integration approaches do not scale. A new parallel and distributed computational architecture, CytoSolve, directly addresses this scalability issue. Results are presented in the solution of a concrete biological model: the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) pathway model published by Kholodenko. The EGFR pathway is selected since known solutions exist for this problem, enabling direct confirmation of the CytoSolve approach. Results from this effort demonstrate that CytoSolve provides a core platform for addressing a grand challenge of systems biology to model the whole cell by integrating multiple biomolecular pathway models.Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA