Subclinical atherosclerosis and silent myocardial ischaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: a protocol of a clinico-observational study

Introduction: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a significant modifiable complication in patients with diabetes and subclinical atherosclerosis is considered a surrogate marker of future vascular events. The clustering of cardiometabolic-risk factors in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease is increasingly being recognised. Recent evidence indicates that 20–50% of asymptomatic patients with diabetes may have silent coronary heart disease. However, the identification of subclinical atherosclerosis and silent myocardial ischaemia in patients with diabetes has been less well-explored, especially in low-resource population settings where cost-effective non-invasive clinical tools are available. The objective of this study is to identify patients with physician-diagnosed diabetes who are at risk of developing future cardiovascular events measured as subclinical atherosclerosis and silent myocardial ischaemia in an urban population of Eastern India.Methods and analysis This is a cross-sectional clinico-observational study. A convenience sampling of approximately 350 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria will be identified at an urban diabetes center. This estimated sample size is based on an expected prevalence of silent myocardial ischaemia of 25% (± 5%), we computed the required sample size using OpenEpi online software assuming an α level of 0.05 (95% CI) to be 289. On factoring 20% non-response the estimated sample size is 350. Previously validated questionnaire tools and well-defined clinical, anthropometric and biochemical measurements will be utilised for data collection. The two primary outcomes—subclinical atherosclerosis and silent myocardial ischaemia will be measured using carotid intima-media thickness and exercise tolerance testing, respectively. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression statistical techniques will be employed to identify ‘at risk’ patients with diabetes, and adjusted for potential confounders. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval was granted by the institutional review board of Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, India. Data will be presented at academic fora and published in peer-reviewed journals

Studies on lipase enzyme production by indigenously isolated Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ) and Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127001)

Microbial lipases holds a prominent place among biocatalysts that act on carboxylic ester bonds.  This present study involves about eight strains isolated form slaughter house waste water,Coimbatore producing lipase.Among those strains , two bacterial strains exhibiting high lipase production  were identified as  Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ) and Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127001 ) by both biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing.  Initial studies were done for optimizing lipase production using many components such as time course,Carbon sources ,pH and innoculum volume which  revealed maximum lipase acitivity (43.37 U/ml) at 24 hours, using  palm oil , at pH 8 and innoculum volume of 1 ml by Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ).Further the percentage  removal of oil from oil stained fabric was determined using partially purified lipase with or without detergents and the results indicated 20% ,30% removal with use of  crude lipase and commercial detergent respectively.Hence, lipase from Bacillus Cereus(BAIT GCT 127002 )   can be regarded as an ideal ingredient that can be used in the laundry detergents.Â&nbsp

Psychological attitudes of a friend in the Agananooru

The Sangam literature lists a hundred of chronological verses in the order in which the hero presents the life of internal morals. and it also represents verses of ‘Agananooru’. The first person to appear in Sangam literature is the friend. It we look at the psychological attitude of the friend in this book, the romance and chastity of the hero and heroine to the nerd level. In this essay, she can ln seen as a literary work that puts everything on the thematic end in the hands of romance and chastity who changes or solves the veil that calms the feelings of inner demons without living for her self

Analysis, Monitoring and Control of Speed Variations for Various Applications of SRM Motor with ESP32 and Thing speak

Due to the growing demand for and growth in the electric vehicle (EV) market in a future civilization with advanced technology. Electric vehicles outperform traditional ones in terms of performance. Because they are environmentally friendly, EVs can help create a green and sustainable environment. They provide convenience with eco-friendliness that conventional cars cannot. Over the past 20 years, the switching reluctance motor (SRM) drive has been created and researched as a revolutionary electrical drive. The brushless switching reluctance motor drive has developed to the point that it may be used in the industrial sector as a reliable, durable, and cost- effective brushless drive with a wide speed range. In this paper, artificial intelligent controllers like Fuzzy Logic Controllers (FLC), and PID are discussed where SRM speed fluctuations are monitored and controlled by a controller using simulation analysis. Experimental analysis is carried out with prototype model. Here various speed variations are controlled and monitored using the ESP32 and Thing Speak cloud platform