Relationship between atypical depression and social anxiety disorder

WOS: 000348949600009PubMed ID: 25454116In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of atypical and non-atypical depression comorbidity on the clinical characteristics and course of social anxiety disorder (SAD). A total of 247 patients with SAD were enrolled: 145 patients with a current depressive episode (unipolar or bipolar) with atypical features, 43 patients with a current depressive episode with non-atypical features and 25 patients without a lifetime history of depressive episodes were compared regarding sociodemographic and clinical features, comorbidity rates, and severity of SAD, depression and functional impairment. Thirty four patients with a past but not current history of major depressive episodes were excluded from the comparisons. 77.1% of current depressive episodes were associated with atypical features. Age at onset of SAD and age at initial major depressive episode were lower in the group with atypical depression than in the group with non-atypical depression. History of suicide attempts and bipolar disorder comorbidity was more common in the atypical depression group as well. Atypical depression group has higher SAD and depression severity and lower functionality than group with non-atypical depression. Our results indicate that the presence of atypical depression is associated with more severe symptoms and more impairment in functioning in patients with SAD. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Relationship between atypical depression and social anxiety disorder

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of atypical and non-atypical depression comorbidity on the clinical characteristics and course of social anxiety disorder (SAD). A total of 247 patients with SAD were enrolled: 145 patients with a current depressive episode (unipolar or bipolar) with atypical features, 43 patients with a current depressive episode with non-atypical features and 25 patients without a lifetime history of depressive episodes were compared regarding sociodemographic and clinical features, comorbidity rates, and severity of SAD, depression and functional impairment. Thirty four patients with a past but not current history of major depressive episodes were excluded from the comparisons. 77.1% of current depressive episodes were associated with atypical features. Age at onset of SAD and age at initial major depressive episode were lower in the group with atypical depression than in the group with non-atypical depression. History of suicide attempts and bipolar disorder comorbidity was more common in the atypical depression group as well. Atypical depression group has higher SAD and depression severity and lower functionality than group with non-atypical depression. Our results indicate that the presence of atypical depression is associated with more severe symptoms and more impairment in functioning in patients with SAD. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

What is the impact of Th1/Th2 ratio, SOCS3, IL17, and IL35 levels in unexplained infertility?

WOS: 000336873600008PubMed ID: 24368037Implantation necessitates complex interactions among the developing embryo, decidualizing endometrium, and developing maternal immune tolerance and/or alterations in cellular and humoral immune responses. Overstimulation of T helper 1 (Th1) or Th2 cytokines in systemic and local environments, alterations of the prevalence of IL17 and regulatory T cell (Treg) cytokines have also been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of implantation failure. We aimed to investigate the plasma levels of IL4, IL6, IL10, TNF alpha, IFN gamma, TGF beta, IL17, IL35, and SOCS3 in infertile and fertile women. This case-control study was conducted with 80 women suffering from unexplained infertility and 40 fertile women. Peripheral venous blood samples were drawn on day 21 of the menstrual cycle. The extracted plasma samples were assayed by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16.0. Our main findings were as follows: despite the significantly high IL17 and IL35 plasma levels of infertile women, IL35/IL17 ratio was significantly lower in the infertile group compared with that in the fertile group; SOCS3 plasma levels showed an inverse relation with plasma levels of all cytokines except IL35; increased plasma IL17 levels (>3.42 pg/mL) have a negative impact on fertility; TNF alpha/IL10, IFN gamma/IL10, IFN-gamma/16, and IFN gamma/IL4 ratios were significantly higher in infertile group compared with those in the fertile group. It is not possible to show the major immunological factor(s) of unexplained infertility, but our findings point out that the decreased suppressor activity of the immune system may play a role in implantation failure. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Firat University Scientific Research FoundationThis study was supported by the Firat University Scientific Research Foundation. We thank Prof. Dr. Ali Risvanli for his support during this study

Deniz makroalgi codium fragile (suringar) hariot ’in kimyasal bileşimi, ın-vitro antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan aktivitelerinin analizi

Marine algae, which are the primary producers living in aquatic areas, are the subject of many studies due to their importance as they are eukaryotic and eutrophic organisms that play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, fuel, and textile industries. Macroalgae are known in producing several macronutrients, micronutrients, and other important biologically active compounds (e.g. polyphenols, enzymes, and antibiotics) with potential pharmacological uses. In this research, we aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities (with three assays), total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents of the methanol, ethanol, acetone, and water extracts of Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot. The LC-ESI-MS/MS assessment allowed the identification of seven compounds containing gallic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hidroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, salicylic acid, biochanin A, and diosgenin. TPC and TFC of the extracts were calculated as in the range of 10.34±0.13-64.67±0.02 µg GAEs/mg extract and 12.73±2.68-36.78±1.08 µg QEs/mg extract, respectively. All extracts of C. fragile showed antimicrobial activity against all test pathogens at different levels. The methanol, ethanol, and acetone extracts showed different levels of activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria (MIC: 3.125-1.562 mg/mL). The water extract showed the highest activity in ABTS•+ (70.43±14.85%) and DPPH• (72.61±11.44%) assays while the acetone extract exhibited the best activity in CUPRAC (absorbance: 0.60±0.15) assay. The results we obtained approved that C. fragile could be valued as a natural source of bioactive agents for food preservatives and in other industrial and pharmaceutical fields.Sucul alanlarda yaşayan birincil üreticiler olan deniz algleri, önemleri nedeniyle birçok araştırmaya konu olmakla birlikte ilaç, kozmetik, gıda, yakıt ve tekstil endüstrilerinde önemli rol oynayan ökaryotik ve ötrofik organizmalardır. Makroalgler, potansiyel farmakolojik kullanımları olan birkaç makro besin, mikro besin ve diğer önemli biyolojik olarak aktif bileşikler (örneğin polifenoller, enzimler ve antibiyotikler) üretmesiyle bilinmektedir. Bu araştırmada, Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot 1889’un metanol, etanol, aseton ve su ekstrelerinin kimyasal bileşimi, antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan aktiviteleri (3 yöntem ile), toplam fenolik (TPC) ve flavonoid (TFC) içeriklerini araştırmayı amaçlandı. LC-ESI-MS/MS analizleri gallik asit, 4-hidroksibenzaldehit, 4-hidroksibenzoik asit, p-kumarik asit, salisilik asit, biokanin A ve diosgenin içeren yedi bileşiğin tanımlanmasına izin verdi. Ekstrelerin TPC ve TFC değerleri sırasıyla 10,34±0,13-64,67±0,02 µg GAEs/mg ekstre ve 12,73±2,68-36,78±1,08 µg QEs/mg ekstre olarak hesaplandı. Metanol, etanol ve aseton ekstreleri gram negatif ve gram pozitif bakterilere karşı farklı seviyelerde aktivite göstermiştir (MİK: 3.125-1.562 mg/mL). Su ekstresi ABTS•+ (%70,43±14,85) ve DPPH• (%72,61±11,44) testlerine en yüksek aktiviteyi gösterirken, aseton ekstresi CUPRAC (absorbans: 0,60±0,15) testinde en yüksek aktiviteyi gösterdi. Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar, C. fragile'in gıda koruyucuları ve diğer endüstriyel ve farmasötik alanlarda doğal bir biyoaktif madde kaynağı olarak değerlendirilebileceğini onaylamaktadır

CA125, YKL-40, HE-4 ve Mezotelin: Benign ve Malign Epitelial Over Tümörünün Ayırımında Yeni Bir Serum Biyobelirteç Kombinasyonu

Objective: Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) score are used for classi- fication of ovarian masses (benign/malign) in preopera- tive stage. However, their discrimination capacity are con- sidered insufficient, and greatly effected by histological subtype and menopausal status. This study aimed to investigate diagnostic performance of Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), Y (tyrosine), K (lysine), and L (leucine)- 40 (YKL-40), Mesothelin, Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor ß (LyGDI), CA125 or their combinations in discrimination of benign/malign ovarian diseases in preoperative stage. Materials and methods: the study groups were comprised sera of 31 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), 30 benign ovarian tumor patients, and 32 healthy women. the diagnostic performance of the biomarkers were evaluated based on ROC-AUC values and logistic regression analysis incorporat- ing menopausal status and clinical diagnosis of the subjects. Results: Our data demonstrates that “CA125-HE4-Meso- thelin-YKL-40” had the highest sensitivity at 80%, 90%, 95% specificity 96.8%, 93.6%, 93.6%, respectively. Conclusion: This study provides the first evidence for the combinational uses of “CA125-HE4-Mesothelin-YKL-40” as a panel in distinguishing malign from benign ovarian tumor, not affected by menopausal status unlike ROMA. However, higher patient number may also provide the evaluation of this panel in malign group in terms of tumor stages.Amaç: Preoperatif dönemde over kitlelerinin sınıflandırıl- masında (benign/malign) Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) ve Over Malignansi Risk Algoritması (ROMA) skoru kullanıl- maktadır. Ancak, ayırım kapasitelerinin yetersiz olması ve histolojik alt tip ve menopozdan büyük ölçüde etkilen- dikleri düşünülmektedir. Çalışmamızda, İnsan epididi- mis proteini 4 (HE4), Y (tirozin), K (lizin) ve L (lösin) -40 (YKL-40), Mezotelin, Rho GDP ayrışma inhibitörü (LyGDI),CA125 ‘in veya kombinasyonlarının preoperatif aşamada benign/malign over hastalıklarının ayırt edilmesindeki tanısal performansını araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma grupları 31 epitelyal over kanseri (EOC), 30 benign over tümör hastası ve 32 sağlıklı kadından elde edilen serum örneklerinden oluşturuldu. Biyobelirteçlerin tanısal performansı, ROC-AUC değerle- rine ve lojistik regresyon analizine dayanarak, bireylerin menopozal durumu ve klinik tanısına göre değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: Verilerimiz “CA125-HE4-Mesothelin-YKL-40” kombinasyonunun 80%, 90%, 95% özgüllük değerlerinde, sırasıyla 96,8%, 93,6%, 93,6% değerlerinde olmak üzere en yüksek duyarlılığa sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Tartışma: Bu çalışma, “CA125-HE4-Mesothelin-YKL-40” kom- binasyonunun bir panel olarak kullanımının, ROMA’dan farklı olarak menopozal durumdan etkilenmeden malign over tümörünü benign over tümöründen ayırt edebilmek amacıyla kullanılabileceğinin ilk kanıtını oluşturmuştur. Bununla birlikte, bu panel aracılığıyla daha yüksek hasta sayısı kullanılarak yapılacak çalışmalar, malign grubun tümör evreleri açısından değerlendirilmesini sağlayabilir