Scaling laws for the elastic scattering amplitude

The partial differential equation for the imaginary part of the elastic scattering amplitude is derived. It is solved in the black disk limit. The asymptotical scaling behavior of the amplitude coinciding with the geometrical scaling is proved. Its extension to preasymptotical region and modifications of scaling laws for the differential cross section are considered.Comment: 6 p. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1206.547

Nuclear like effects in proton-proton collisions at high energy

We show that several effects considered nuclear effects are not nuclear in the sense that they do not only occur in nucleus-nucleus and hadron-nucleus collisions but, as well, they are present in hadron-hadron (proton-proton) collisions. The matter creation mechanism in hh, hA and AA collisions is always the same. The pT suppression of particles produced in large multiplicity events compared to low multiplicity events, the elliptic flow and the Cronin effect are predicted to occur in pp collisions at LHC energies as a consequence of the obtained high density partonic medium

Particle production azimuthal asymmetries in a clustering of color sources model

The collective interactions of many partons in the first stage of the collisions is the usual accepted explanation of the sizable elliptical flow. The clustering of color sources provides a framework of partonic interactions. In this scheme, we show a reasonable agreement with RHIC data for pT<1.5 GeV/c in both the dependence of v2 transverse momentum and in the shape of the nuclear modified factor on the azimuthal angle for different centralities. We show the predictions at LHC energies for Pb-Pb. In the case of proton-proton collisions a sizable v2 is obtained at this energy.Comment: To appear in Journal of Physics

Animal protein-based soft materials for tissue engineering applications

Proteins have long been used in coatings for cell culture plates and to supplement cell culture media. Due to their unmatched biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioactivity and immune-privilege, the interest in proteins rapidly advanced for the design and engineering of more complex substrates for biomedical applications. In this chapter, the proteins typically used in the design and fabrication of biomedical devices are presented and discussed, with particular focus in human-based platforms. However, restrictions in the use of protein-derived materials are associated with their limited processability and stability, but to overcome this, multiple bioconjugation techniques have been described and are herein presented. An overview of current protein-based materials that have found clinical application and that have been commercialized is also provided.publishe

Production of Secondaries in High Energy d+Au Collisions

In the framework of Quark-Gluon String Model we calculate the inclusive spectra of secondaries produced in d+Au collisions at intermediate (CERN SPS) and at much higher (RHIC) energies. The results of numerical calculations at intermediate energies are in reasonable agreement with the data. At RHIC energies numerically large inelastic screening corrections (percolation effects) should be accounted for in calculations. We extract these effects from the existing RHIC experimental data on minimum bias and central d+Au collisions. The predictions for p+Au interactions at LHC energy are also given.Comment: 18 pages and 10 figure

Percolation of Color Sources and the determination of the Equation of State of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) produced in central Au-Au collisions at \sqrt S_{NN}= 200 GeV

The Color String Percolation Model (CSPM) is used to determine the equation of state (EOS) of the QGP produced in central Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 A GeV using STAR data at RHIC. When the initial density of interacting colored strings exceeds the 2D percolation threshold a cluster is formed, which defines the onset of color deconfinement. These interactions also produce fluctuations in the string tension which transforms the Schwinger particle (gluon) production mechanism into a maximum entropy thermal distribution. The single string tension is determined by identifying the known value of the universal hadron limiting temperature $T_{c}$ = 167.7 $\pm$ 2.6 MeV with the CSPM percolation temperature at the critical threshold $\xi_{c}$ =1.2. At mid-rapidity the initial Bjorken energy density and the initial temperature determine the number of degrees of freedom consistent with the formation of a $\sim$ 2+1 flavor QGP. An analytic expression for the equation of state, the sound velocity $C_{s}^{2}(\xi)$ is obtained in CSPM. The CSPM $C_{s}^{2}(\xi)$ and the bulk thermodynamic values $\varepsilon /T^{4}$ and $s /T^{3}$ are in excellent agreement in the phase transition region with recent lattice QCD simulations (LQCD) by the HotQCD Collaboration.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Hadronic Masses and Regge Trajectories

A comprehensive phenomenological analysis of experimental data and some theoretical models is presented here (for mesons) to critically discuss how Regge trajectory parameters depend on flavor. Through analytic continuation of physical trajectories (obtained from resonance data) into the space like region, we derive the suppression factor for heavy flavor production. The case of our D Regge exchange, both for D and $\Lambda_c$ production, is considered in some detail. Good agreement with data is reached confirming that indeed the slopes of heavier flavors decrease. This result suggests that the confinement potential has a substantial dependence on the quark masses. In a simple non-relativistic model, constrained to produce linear Regge trajectories, it is shown that a linear quark mass dependence is required (in the confinement part of the potential) in order for the slope to decrease in the appropriate way.Comment: 19 pages, 9 Figures, IV Table

Elliptic flow from color strings

It is shown that the elliptic flow can be successfully described in the color string picture with fusion and percolation provided anisotropy of particle emission from the fused string is taken into account. Two possible sources of this anisotropy are considered, propagation of the string in the transverse plane and quenching of produced particles in the strong color field of the string. Calculations show that the second source gives an overwhelming contribution to the flow at accessible energies.Comment: 23 pages, 11 figure