86 research outputs found
Influence of genistein and diadizine on regularity of estrous cycle in cyclic female Wistar rat: interaction with estradiol receptors and vascular endothelial growth factor
Background: Isoflavones are estrogenic compounds that exist in soy, clover, and peanuts. They are selective estrogen receptor modulators.
Aim: The study was planned to explain the interactions of isoflavones with estrogen receptors alpha (ERĪ±), beta (ERĪ²), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions in ovarian and uterine tissues during different stages of the estrous cycle of regular cyclic female Wistar rats.
Methods: Thirty-two regular cyclic females were divided equally into control group: fed casein-based diet and isoflavones group: fed casein-based diet and gavaged 50 mg/kg/day soy isoflavones extract 40%. The regularity of estrus cycles was monitored. Final body weight (FBW), weight gain (BWG), and ovarian and uterine weights were estimated. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry for ERĪ±, ErĪ², and VEGF in ovarian and uterine tissues were performed.
Results: All females (100%, n = 16) in control group showed regularity in estrous cycle compared to 62.5% (n = 10) in isoflavones group. Estrus and diestrus phases revealed prolongation and shortening in isoflavones rats than control, respectively. Nonsignificant variation was noted in the duration of the whole cycle of both groups. FBW and BWG significantly decreased however, ovarian and uterine weights increased significantly in all estrous phases of isoflavones group than control. Histopathology demonstrated an increase in number of follicles/ovaries besides, hyperplasia and proliferation of luminal epithelium with hydropic degeneration in the isoflavones group. Also, uterine connective tissue stroma showed edema in the isoflavones group during all estrous phases. Immunostaining percentages of ERĪ±, ErĪ², and VEGF protein expression were significantly elevated in the isoflavones group during all estrous phases.
Conclusion: Isoflavones induced irregularity of the estrous cycle that was encountered by increased and altered ERĪ±, ErĪ², and VEGF expressions in ovarian and uterine tissues
Sectoral Transformations in Neo-Patrimonial Rentier States: Tourism Development and State Policy in Egypt
This article challenges claims that liberalising state regulated markets in developing countries may induce lasting economic development. The analysis of the rise of tourism in Egypt during the last three decades suggests that the effects of liberalisation and structural adjustment are constrained by the neo-patrimonial character of the Egyptian political system. Since the decline of oil rent revenues during the 1980s tourism development was the optimal strategy to compensate for the resulting fiscal losses. Increasing tourism revenues have helped in coping with macroeconomic imbalances and in avoiding more costly adjustment of traditional economic sectors. Additionally, they provided the private elite with opportunities to generate large profits. Therefore, sectoral transformations due to economic liberalisation in neo-patrimonial Rentier states should be described as a process, which has led to the diversification of external rent revenues, rather than to a general downsizing of the Rentier character of the economy
When do Autocracies Start to Liberalize Foreign Trade? Evidence from Four Cases in the Arab World
A Simplified Analytical Technique for High Frequency Characterization of Resonant Tunneling Diode
his paper proposes a simplified analytical technique for high frequency characterization of the resonant tunneling
diode (RTD). An equivalent circuit of the RTD that consists of a parallel combination of conductance, G (V, f),
and capacitance, C (V, f) is formulated. The proposed approach uses the measured DC current versus voltage
characteristic of the RTD to extract the equivalent circuit elements parameters in the entire bias range.
Using the proposed analytical technique, the frequency response - including the high frequency range - of
many characteristic aspects of the RTD is investigated. Also, the maximum oscillation frequency of the RTD
is calculated. The results obtained have been compared with those concluded and reported in the literature.
The reported results in literature were obtained through simulation of the RTD at high frequency using either
a computationally complicated quantum simulator or through difficult RF measurements. A similar pattern of results
and highly concordant conclusion are obtained. The proposed analytical technique is simple, correct, and appropriate
to investigate the behavior of the RTD at high frequency. In addition, the proposed technique can be easily incorporated
into SPICE program to simulate circuits containing RTD
Quantitative Analysis of Memristance Defined Exponential Model for Multi-bits Titanium Dioxide Memristor Memory Cell
The ability to store multiple bits in a single memristor based memory cell is a key feature for high-capacity
memory packages. Studying multi-bit memristor circuits requires high accuracy in modelling the memristance
change. A memristor model based on a novel definition of memristance is proposed. A design of a single memristor
memory cell using the proposed model for the platinum electrodes titanium dioxide memristor is illustrated.
A specific voltage pulse is used with varying its parameters (amplitude or pulse width) to store different
number of states in a single memristor. New state variation parameters associated with the utilized model
are provided and their effects on write and read processes of memristive multi-states are analysed. PSPICE
simulations are also held, and they show a good agreement with the data obtained from the analysis
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