3,804 research outputs found
Bitter Taste Receptors for Asthma Therapeutics.
Clinical management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has primarily relied on the use of beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonists (bronchodilators) and corticosteroids, and more recently, monoclonal antibody therapies (biologics) targeting specific cytokines and their functions. Although these approaches provide relief from exacerbations, questions remain on their long-term efficacy and safety. Furthermore, current therapeutics do not address progressive airway remodeling (AR), a key pathological feature of severe obstructive lung disease. Strikingly, agonists of the bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) deliver robust bronchodilation, curtail allergen-induced inflammatory responses in the airways and regulate airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell proliferation and mitigate features of A
Mixed Ligand Complexes of Lanthanides with Diacetylmonoxime as a Primary Ligand & N-Substituted Anthranilic Acids as Secondary Ligands
839-84
Spectrophotometric Study of the Complexes of Fe(III) with Salicylhydroxamic Acid & Its Substituted Derivatives
753-75
Evaluation of cancer risk in tobacco chewers and smokers: an epidemiologic assessment
A retrospective study of cancer at high risk sites in the region of the head and neck was undertaken at the Bombay Cancer Registry, in 1968, to evaluate the effects of tobacco when chewed or smoked. There is sufficient evidence available today to indict chewing and smoking of tobacco as factors of great importance in the etiology of oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, and esophageal cancers-the most common sites affected by the disease in Greater Bombay. This cause/effect association is probably as intimate as that of cigarette smoking and lung cancer. The carcinogenic action of chewed tobacco is particularly evident at those sites where the bolus is retained in place for any length of time. Likewise, inhalation of tobacco fumes during the act of smoking produces a stream of gas and of solid particles which impinges directly on the oropharynx and especially on the soft palate initially and exposes smokers to the increased risk of developing cancer at exactly these posterior sites in the oropharynx, rather than more anteriorly in the oral cavity where the tissues do not directly bear the brunt of the onslaught from the smoke. It is revealing to find that the high risk sites involved in tobacco chewers appear to be the least affected in smokers, and vice versa
Instantaneous Radio Spectra of Giant Pulses from the Crab Pulsar from Decimeter to Decameter Wavelengths
The results of simultaneous multifrequency observations of giant radio pulses
from the Crab pulsar, PSR B0531+21, at 23, 111, and 600 MHz are presented and
analyzed. Giant pulses were detected at a frequency as low as 23 MHz for the
first time. Of the 45 giant pulses detected at 23 MHz, 12 were identified with
counterparts observed simultaneously at 600 MHz. Of the 128 giant pulses
detected at 111 MHz, 21 were identified with counterparts observed
simultaneously at 600 MHz. The spectral indices for the power-law frequency
dependence of the giant-pulse energies are from -3.1 to -1.6. The mean spectral
index is -2.7 +/- 0.1 and is the same for both frequency combinations (600-111
MHz and 600-23 MHz). The large scatter in the spectral indices of the
individual pulses and the large number of unidentified giant pulses suggest
that the spectra of the individual giant pulses do not actually follow a simple
power law. The observed shapes of the giant pulses at all three frequencies are
determined by scattering on interstellar plasma irregularities. The scatter
broadening of the pulses and its frequency dependence were determined as
tau_sc=20*(f/100)^(-3.5 +/- 0.1) ms, where the frequency f is in MHz.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, 1 table (originally published in Russian in
Astronomicheskii Zhurnal, 2006, vol. 83, No. 7, pp. 630-637), translated by
Georgii Rudnitski
Application of blooms taxonomy of verbs to evaluate the cognitive domain in undergraduate medical physiology question papers: a critique
Background: Over the years medical education has evolved in the system of education, teaching and evaluation. It is the evaluation system that has the most insightful impact on learning. This study aimed to assess the use of taxonomy of verbs in medical physiology question papers as a tool for written examination for summative evaluation of I year medical students.Methods: Retrospective analysis of I MBBS undergraduate question papers of revised scheme Rajiv Gandhi University of health sciences, Bangalore from the year 2006- 2014 was done. Questions were analyzed individually for the use of taxonomy of verbs in each question, marks allotted for each, and type of cognition analyzed from each question. The data was classified using a modification of Bloom’s hierarchy of cognitive learning (level I, II, III).Results: Majority (45%) of the questions in the papers had no use of verbs. There was variability in the distribution of marks on various chapters of Physiology across the years. Comprehension and knowledge component of the cognitive domain were maximally assessed in the written examination.Conclusions: Examination and evaluation though a source of anxiety for the undergraduate medical students, it is essential to stimulate their cognitive skills by teaching and enhance the evaluation of mental and reasoning skills. It could be more facilitated by proper framing of questions by adequate usage of verbs.
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