Influence of CuO on temperature dependent H2S gas sensing performance of ZrO2 thick film resistor

Popular   screen printed   ZrO2 thick film resistor was formulated for characterization. These films were surface modified by dipping them in 0.1 M CuCl2 aqueous solution for the time intervals of 5,10,20, 30 and 40  minutes. Surface morphology and   elemental composition were studied using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive   spectroscopy. It was observed that Cu converted into CuO at 200oC during sintering of the films and this p-type oxide plays role with n- type ZrO2 for H2S gas sensing. X-diffraction confirmed the polycrystalline nature of pure ZrO2 powder and influence of copper on film surface disappear the polymorphs and only strong crystalline peak was observed. It was good indication for gas sensing. Bandwidth reduction was observed   by characterizing film with UV spectroscopy techniques. Pure ZrO2 film sample was shown wide bandwidth than sintered and modified film.  The gas sensing performances of various gases were tested previously and it is reported for Ammonia except oxygen. Negative temperature coefficient of the CuO activated film shift response to H2S gas at elevated temperature between 300oC to 450 oC.  Maximum Gas sensing response was observed at operating temperature 450oc for 100ppm concentration. It was observed temperature, thickness and concentration dependent. Quick response time and fast recovery were recorded. Keywords: thick film , CuO activated, H2S gas sensor, bandwidth reduction, quick response and fast recover

Report of the Task Force on Enhancing technology use in agriculture insurance

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is a flagship scheme of the Government of India to provide insurance coverage and financial support to farmers in the event of failure of any of the notified crops, unsown area and damage to harvest produce as a result of natural calamities, pests and diseases to stabilise the income of farmers, and to encourage them to adopt modern agricultural practices. The scheme is a considerable improvement over all previous insurance schemes in India and is heavily subsidised by the state and central governments. The scheme aims to cover 50 percent of the farming households within next 3 years. During its implementation in the last one season, several challenges relating to enrolment, yield estimation, loss assessment, and claim settlement were reported by farmers, insurance companies as well as the state governments. It was also noted that several technological opportunities existed for possibly leveraging support to the Indian crop insurance program for enhanced efficiency and effectiveness. NITI Aayog of the Government of India, therefore, constituted a Task Force to deliberate on this subject and identify such potential opportunities. This report summarises the recommendations of the Task Force. The Task Force constituted to address the issue of technology support to crop insurance comprised the following 5 sub-groups: (1) Remote Sensing & Drones; (2) Decision Support Systems, Crop Modelling & Integrated Approaches; (3) IT/ICT in Insurance; (4) Crop Cutting Experiments (CCEs); and (5) Technologies for Livestock and Aquaculture Insurance. Each sub-group had several discussions with experts in the respective areas, and submitted draft reports. More than 100 experts related to professional research agencies, insurance industry, banks, and the government contributed to these discussions. Technological options available in the country and abroad were considered by all groups. The Task Force together with the sub-groups then deliberated on key issues and formulated its recommendations as presented in this report. During the discussions it was realised that there were many administrative and institutional issues that needed to be addressed in PMFBY. However, the focus of the Task Force was on its main mandate, technology use in crop insurance. We hope these recommendations would help the Indian crop insurance sector take full advantage of the technological options suggested so as to increase its efficacy and effectiveness leading to reduced agrarian distress in the country

Nano Power Generation From Rain Drops AS Well AS Solar

Researches similarto nano power generation using renewable energy have been explored. A variety of renewable energy has been prologue.This project is modified at economical level. One piezoelectric can be generate in average of 1.5 to 12volts for each mechanical action.This research has beenimprovedfor the purpose of saving the energy. Rising demandleadsto new inventions. This project has been analysisat that surface. Using one or more piezoelectric sencers are connected inseries connection to get additive voltage to the output from the piezoelectric generation. The output is in the form of alternating current,by use ofrectifier unitswhichconvert alternating current intodirect current

Discovery of major quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for fresh seed dormancy in groundnut

Spanish bunch groundnut varieties occupy most of the cultivated area in Asia and Africa, and these varieties lack required 2-3 weeks of fresh seed dormancy (FSD) hampering kernel quality. Genomic breeding can help to improve commercial groundnut cultivars for FSD in a shorter time with greater precision. In this regard, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from the cross ICGV 02266 (non-dormant) × ICGV 97045 (dormant) was developed and genotyped with a 5 K mid-density genotyping assay. A linkage map was constructed with 325 SNP loci spanning a total map length of 2335.3 cM and five major QTLs were identified on chromosomes Ah01, Ah11, Ah06, Ah16 and Ah17. Based on differential gene expression using transcriptomic information from dormant (Tifrunner) and non-dormant (ICGV 91114) genotypes, histone deacetylases, histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, cytochrome P450, protein kinases, and ethylene-responsive transcription factor were identified as key regulators involved in the hormonal regulation of dormancy. Six Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers were successfully validated in the diverse panel including selected RILs of the same population and germplasm lines. These validated KASP markers could facilitate faster breeding of new varieties with desired dormancy using marker-assisted early generation selection

Prerequisite of a Holistic Blend of Traditional and Modern Approaches of Cancer Management

Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases have been showing an exponential rise. Researchers from varied fields have been trying to solve this tricky issue. Methods: We undertook a systematic search of bibliographic databases of peer-reviewed research literature to evaluate the holistic blend of modern and traditional approaches, especially the Ayurvedic perspective of treatment of cancer along with the effect of our diet and lifestyle on the management (both prevention and cure) of cancer. Results: On the basis of extensive literature survey, it was found that Ayurveda as one of the ancient medicinal systems had been very well documented for utilizing its best practices for the treatment of various diseases including cancer, by utilization of several herbal plants and dietary interventions as therapeutics. Active components present in various herbs, which interfere with certain molecular targets to inhibit carcinogenesis are also summarized. Further, beneficial effects of yoga and exercise on psychological distress, cancer-related fatigue and global side-effects as well as their mechanism of action are also discussed. In addition, we recapitulate an upcoming field of Ayurgenomics to understand the possible correlation of Prakriti with genetics as well as epigenetics. Conclusion: Both genetic as well as environmental factors have shown their linkage with cancer. Substantial advancements in the field of targeted therapies have opened new horizons for the cancer patients. To fight with this grave situation, a combination of ancient and modern medicinal systems seems to be the need of the hour