Reports of the demise of the "user" have been greatly exaggerated: Dervin's sense-making and the methodological resuscitation of the user – looking backwards, looking forward

In 2003, an ASIST panel (Rosenbaum, Davenport, Lieuvrouw, Day, 2003) pronounced the "death of the user" suggesting that new technologies undermine a concept that was already weak in ability to account for agency in information seeking and use. This panel challenges that pronouncement by addressing how methodological approaches have created users in different manifestations – emotional, cognitive, physical, and social – elusive and capricious, dead or almost so, overly demanding, disinterested, individualistic, materialistic, culture-bound, active, passive…. Panelists zero in on how they have used and struggled with Dervin's Sense-Making Methodology (Dervin & Foreman-Wernet, 2003) in attempts to conduct parsimonious, heuristic, and useful user studies and to introduce a strong user-orientation into LIS pedagogy and practice. Starting with the seminal Dervin & Nilan (1986) ARIST review of information seeking and use studies, Dervin's Sense-Making has been pointed to as sparking the turn toward user-oriented studies of information seeking and use (e.g., Savolainen, 1993). Sense-Making has been much quoted and misquoted, praised and criticized, implemented and co-opted. This panel will look backwards and forward using Sense-Making as an exemplar and foil for considering the ways philosophies that drive methodologies and methods that implement them enlarge or diminish our conceptions of the user.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/49322/1/1450420159_ftp.pd

A chromosomally integrated bacteriophage in invasive meningococci

Cerebrospinal meningitis is a feared disease that can cause the death of a previously healthy individual within hours. Paradoxically, the causative agent, Neisseria meningitidis, is a common inhabitant of the human nasopharynx, and as such, may be considered a normal, commensal organism. Only in a small proportion of colonized people do the bacteria invade the bloodstream, from where they can cross the blood–brain barrier to cause meningitis. Furthermore, most meningococcal disease is caused by bacteria belonging to only a few of the phylogenetic groups among the large number that constitute the population structure of this genetically variable organism. However, the genetic basis for the differences in pathogenic potential remains elusive. By performing whole genome comparisons of a large collection of meningococcal isolates of defined pathogenic potential we brought to light a meningococcal prophage present in disease-causing bacteria. The phage, of the filamentous family, excises from the chromosome and is secreted from the bacteria via the type IV pilin secretin. Therefore, this element, by spreading among the population, may promote the development of new epidemic clones of N. meningitidis that are capable of breaking the normal commensal relationship with humans and causing invasive disease

Initiation au logiciel statistique SAS sous UNIX

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Macros et visual basic : Excel 97

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Une étude expérimentale : l'origine de la motivation, la signification symbolique attachée aux biens par les consommateurs

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dBase5-Windows

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Développement de médicaments à libération prolongée grâce à un système microfluidique

Les microparticules sont souvent utilisées pour l'obtention de médicaments à libération prolongée (LP) et permettent d'améliorer la couverture thérapeutique d'un principe actif. Le facteur limitant pour la formumation d'un médicament LP, est la vitesse de libération du principe actif. Les paramètres influençant cette vitesse sont nombreux, et sont liés tant aux caractéristiques du principe actif et du polymère, qu'à celles de la microparticule. Les caractéristiques des microparticules dépendent, quant à elles, du procédé de microencapsulation utilisé pour la fabrication. La microfluidique apparaît alors comme un nouveau champ d'application très prometteur car ce procédé permet d'obtenir une distribution de taille étroite de microparticules, paramètre important pour l'obtention d'une forme LP. Des études menées avec des microsystèmes ont montré l'influence de plusieurs paramètres intervenant dans le contrôle de la taille et de la polydiversité des microparticules. L'objectif recherché est la maîtrise de ces paramètres pour obtenir des lots monodisperses, afin de contrôler la vitesse de libération du principe actif, son absorption plasmatique et son effet thérapeutique.CHATENAY M.-PARIS 11-BU Pharma. (920192101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Influence du climat sur la repartition des dipteres en parcelle bocagere. Aspect methodologique.

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SAS

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