Schweinepest-Überwachungsprogramm für Schweine in Freilandhaltung in schweinepestgefährdeten Gebieten

Ziel des Forschungsprojektes war es, ein auf der Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR), einem modernen diagnostischen Verfahren, beruhendes Überwachungsprogramm für Schweinepest zu erarbeiten, das ethisch vertretbar sowie sicherer, effektiver und kostengünstiger sein soll als die zur Zeit praktizierten Überwachungsprogramme. Das Programm soll als ein präventives Tiergesundheitskonzept die Möglichkeiten der ökologischen und konventionellen Schweinehaltung verbessern und das Infektionsrisiko allgemein minimieren. Es wurde eine schweinepestspezifische PCR für die Diagnostik am lebenden Tier etabliert, die das Potential besitzt, die konventionellen diagnostischen Verfahren abzulösen. Die Methode eröffnet neue diagnostische Möglichkeiten, die einen Strategiewechsel in der Bekämpfung und Überwachung der Schweinepest ermöglicht. Eine Bekämpfungsstrategie wurde vorgeschlagen, die auf dem Erregernachweis mittels PCR fußt. Im Zentrum dieser Philosophie steht der Gedanke, dass die Seuchenfreiheit zukünftig anhand von Erregerfreiheit statt Antikörperfreiheit definiert werden soll. Die Erregerfreiheit kann mittels PCR überwacht und zertifiziert werden. Die Vorteile des Verfahrens können wie folgt zusammengefasst werden: - Eine erweiterte Bekämpfungsstrategie, die den direkten Erregernachweis mittels RT-PCR nutzt, führt zu keinem höheren Seuchenrisiko als die jetzige Strategie. - Impfmaßnahmen wären als zusätzliches Bekämpfungsmittel durchführbar und sollten als wichtiger Bestandteil integriert werden. - Es würden Herden gemaßregelt werden, in denen KSP-Virus nachgewiesen wurde. Das Keulen eines Großteils der Tiere würde entfallen. - Zertifizierte Erregerfreiheit nach RT-PCR-Untersuchung würde das Schlachten der Schweine und den freien Handel mit Schweinefleisch ermöglichen, unabhängig von der allgemeinen KSP-Situation im Land. - Serologische Nachweisverfahren können bei einer Nichtimpfpolitik oder einer Impfstrategie mit Markerimpfstoffen weiterhin eingesetzt werden. Abhängig von der allgemeinen Seuchensituation und von der Art des Betriebes wurden für die praktische Umsetzung des Bekämpfungsverfahrens unterschiedliche Modelle entworfen

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): Koi herpes virus disease (KHV)

Non peer reviewe

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): Trichomonosis

Non peer reviewe

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): Koi herpes virus disease (KHV)

Non peer reviewe

Ad hoc method for the assessment on listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law.

Non peer reviewe

Auditory mismatch impairments are characterized by core neural dysfunctions in schizophrenia

Reduced mismatch negativity is a well-established phenomenon in schizophrenia, but its underlying mechanisms are unclear. Using fMRI, Gaebler et al. reveal that auditory mismatch stimuli trigger multiple neural dysfunctions associated with schizophrenia. The fMRI response enables diagnostic separation of patients and controls with high accuracy, suggesting biomarker potentia

Exploring the hurdles that remain for control of African swine fever in smallholder farming settings

To honour the 100 years anniversary of the first publication about African swine fever (ASF) a webinar with a particular focus on disease control in the smallholder sector was organized. This article is based on the webinar, summarizing the early history of ASF research, reflecting on the current global disease situation and bringing forward some suggestions that could contribute towards achieving control of ASF. The first description of ASF by R. Eustace Montgomery in 1921 laid the foundations for what we know about the disease today. Subsequent research confirmed its association with warthogs and soft ticks of the Ornithodoros moubata complex. During the latter half of the 21st century, exponential growth of pig production in Africa has led to a change in the ASF-epidemiology pattern. It is now dominated by a cycle involving domestic pigs and pork with virus spread driven by people. In 2007, a global ASF epidemic started, reaching large parts of Europe, Asia and the Americas. In Europe, this epidemic has primarily affected wild boar. In Asia, wild boar, smallholders and industrialized pig farms have been affected with impact on local, national and international pig value chains. Globally and historically, domestic pigs in smallholder settings are most frequently affected and the main driver of ASF virus transmission. Awaiting a safe and efficacious vaccine, we need to continue focus on other measures, such as biosecurity, for controlling the disease. However, smallholders face specific challenges linked to poverty and other structural factors in implementing biosecurity measures that can prevent spread. Improving biosecurity in the smallholder sector thus remains an important tool for preventing and controlling ASF. In this regard, interdisciplinary research can help to find new ways to promote safe practices, facilitate understanding and embrace smallholders' perspectives, engage stakeholders and adjust prevention and control policies to improve implementation

Urgent advice on lumpy skin disease.

Non peer reviewe

Editorial : African swine fever in smallholder and traditional pig farming systems : research, challenges and solutions

No abstract available.https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-sciencedm2022Veterinary Tropical Disease

Exploring the hurdles that remain for control of African swine fever in smallholder farming settings

To honour the 100 years anniversary of the first publication about African swine fever (ASF) a webinar with a particular focus on disease control in the smallholder sector was organized. This article is based on the webinar, summarizing the early history of ASF research, reflecting on the current global disease situation and bringing forward some suggestions that could contribute towards achieving control of ASF. The first description of ASF by R. Eustace Montgomery in 1921 laid the foundations for what we know about the disease today. Subsequent research confirmed its association with warthogs and soft ticks of the Ornithodoros moubata complex. During the latter half of the 21st century, exponential growth of pig production in Africa has led to a change in the ASF-epidemiology pattern. It is now dominated by a cycle involving domestic pigs and pork with virus spread driven by people. In 2007, a global ASF epidemic started, reaching large parts of Europe, Asia and the Americas. In Europe, this epidemic has primarily affected wild boar. In Asia, wild boar, smallholders and industrialized pig farms have been affected with impact on local, national and international pig value chains. Globally and historically, domestic pigs in smallholder settings are most frequently affected and the main driver of ASF virus transmission. Awaiting a safe and efficacious vaccine, we need to continue focus on other measures, such as biosecurity, for controlling the disease. However, smallholders face specific challenges linked to poverty and other structural factors in implementing biosecurity measures that can prevent spread. Improving biosecurity in the smallholder sector thus remains an important tool for preventing and controlling ASF. In this regard, interdisciplinary research can help to find new ways to promote safe practices, facilitate understanding and embrace smallholders’ perspectives, engage stakeholders and adjust prevention and control policies to improve implementation.The webinar was funded by the Swedish International Agricultural Network Initiative (SIANI) and the Global African swine fever Research Alliance (GARA).http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/tbedhj2022Veterinary Tropical Disease