Optical control of magnetization in a room-temperature magnet: V-Cr Prussian blue analog

Journal ArticleWe report reversible photoinduced magnetic phenomena for a V-Cr Prussian blue analog (Tc~350 K). This molecule-based magnet exhibits a decrease in magnetization upon illumination with UV light (λ~350 nm) and reaches a metastable state that has a long lifetime at low temperatures (>106 s at 10 K). This photoexcited magnetic state totally recovers back to the ground state by warming above 250 K, and partially recovers with green light (λ~514 nm) illumination. The effect of green light is triggered only when the sample is previously UV irradiated, suggesting a hidden metastable magnetic state. The photoinduced magnetic effects are proposed to originate from structural distortion that alters the magnetic exchange coupling and/or anisotropy

Electrical spin injection from an organic-based ferrimagnet in a hybrid organic/inorganic heterostructure

We report the successful extraction of spin polarized current from the organic-based room temperature ferrimagnetic semiconductor V[TCNE]x (x~2, TCNE: tetracyanoethylene; TC ~ 400 K, EG ~ 0.5 eV, s ~ 10-2 S/cm) and its subsequent injection into a GaAs/AlGaAs light-emitting diode (LED). The spin current tracks the magnetization of V[TCNE]x~2, is weakly temperature dependent, and exhibits heavy hole / light hole asymmetry. This result has implications for room temperature spintronics and the use of inorganic materials to probe spin physics in organic and molecular systems

Dysregulation of adipogenesis and disrupted lipid metabolism by the antidepressants citalopram and sertraline

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used medications for the treatment of major depressive disorder. However, long-term SSRI use has been associated with weight gain and altered lipid profiles. These findings suggest that SSRIs may have negative effects on metabolism. Exposure to certain chemicals called ‘obesogens’ is known to promote lipid accumulation and obesity by modulating adipogenesis. Here, we investigated whether citalopram (CIT) and sertraline (SER) interfere with the process of adipogenesis, using human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a 2D and a 3D model. Assessment of intracellular lipid accumulation by fluorescence staining was used as a measure for enhanced adipogenesis. To explore possible mechanisms behind SSRIs' effects, receptor mediated activity was studied using responsive cell lines for various nuclear receptors. Furthermore, RNA sequencing was performed in the 3D model, followed by differential gene expression and pathway analysis. A dose dependent increase in lipid accumulation was observed in both models with CIT and SER. For the 3D model, the effect was seen in a range close to reported steady-state plasma concentrations (0.065–0.65 μM for SER and 0.12–0.92 μM for CIT). Pathway analysis revealed unexpected results of downregulation in adipogenesis-related pathways and upregulation in phospholipids and lysosomal pathways. This was confirmed by an observed increase in lysosomes in the 2D model. Our findings suggest lysosomal dysfunction and disrupted lipid metabolism in mature adipocytes, leading to excessive phospholipid synthesis. Moreover, important adipogenic processes are inhibited, potentially leading to dysfunctional adipocytes, which might have implications in the maintenance of a healthy metabolic balance

Comparison of a modified anoscope and the purse-string anoscope in stapled haemorrhoidopexy

AIM: To compare the results of the anoscope of the PPH kit and a modified anoscope during stapled haemorrhoidopexy

Development of ceria and tungsten promoted nickel/alumina catalysts for steam reforming of diesel

Use of diesel fuel for on-board hydrogen production for auxiliary power units (APUs) through diesel steam reforming (DSR) reaction is a promising route. Coke minimization for cheap and active Ni/Al2O3 catalyst is necessary for long term operation in DSR reaction. Coke minimization with high hydrogen productivity can be accomplished through the optimization of operating conditions and promoting the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst with ceria (CeO2) and tungsten (W) which attracts attention with their coke resistive properties. Maximization of hydrogen production and minimization of coke deposition would require an optimization of operating conditions as well as catalyst content in DSR reaction. It is shown that decrease of GHSV from 25,000 h(-1) to 7500 h(-1) enhances DSR by reducing side product formation, suggesting a mechanism of cracking of longer chain hydrocarbons into C-2-C-3 compounds which are then reformed into the desired products. Side product formation was also reduced at higher steam feeding by further reforming of side products and promotion of water gas shift reaction (WGSR) activity in excess steam environment enhanced H-2 production. CeO2 incorporation lead to formation of CeAlO3 phase which was proven to be effective in promoting WGSR activity, on the other hand W incorporation significantly reduced, even eliminated coke deposition. Hydrogen production capability of Ni-W/Al2O3 catalyst can be improved by using higher steam feeding which enhances WGSR. Long-term operation of DSR reaction for hydrogen production to be used in fuel cell component of APUs can be applied commercially with Ni-W/Al2O3 catalyst

Optical control of magnetization in a room-temperature magnet: V-Cr Prussian blue analog

We report reversible photoinduced magnetic phenomena for a V-Cr Prussian blue analog (T(c) similar to 350 K). This molecule-based magnet exhibits a decrease in magnetization upon illumination with UV light (lambda similar to 350 nm) and reaches a metastable state that has a long lifetime at low temperatures (>10(6) s at 10 K). This photoexcited magnetic state totally recovers back to the ground state by warming above 250 K, and partially recovers with green light (lambda similar to 514 nm) illumination. The effect of green light is triggered only when the sample is previously UV irradiated, suggesting a hidden metastable magnetic state. The photoinduced magnetic effects are proposed to originate from structural distortion that alters the magnetic exchange coupling and/or anisotropy.open11