The concept of special escrow accounts to improve mortgage housing loans in Russia

Purpose: The article aims to identify and evaluate the key determinants of improving mortgage lending in Russia. Increasing the participation of financial institutions in the application of escrow accounts is of paramount importance in terms of fine-tuning the process of improving mortgage lending in Russia. Design/Methodology/Approach: In order to further improve housing mortgage lending, it seems necessary: firstly, to identify new opportunities that contribute to the development of a system of interaction between credit and financial organizations and borrowers in terms of using the innovative functions of escrow accounts; secondly, to highlight the functions, during the application of which the increase in the efficiency of the escrow account mechanism will be optimal; thirdly, to formulate recommendations on the implementation of the necessary changes in the process of applying escrow accounts, taking into account the peculiarities of mortgage lending in Russia. Findings: To fully take into account the potential impact of special escrow accounts on the process of interaction between the lender and the borrower, an additional escrow account functionality was developed, aimed at improving mortgage lending. Practical Implications: The results of the study can be put into practice in order to expand the range of escrow account functions used in the process of mortgage lending in Russia. Originality/Value: The main contribution of this study is the emphasis on the need to introduce innovative approaches to increase the functionality of escrow accounts used in the process of mortgage lending in Russia.peer-reviewe

Frequency of occurrence of genetic polymorphisms associated with sports success in elite athletes in team sports

Objective: to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of polymorphisms rs1815739 (ACTN3 gene), rs2016520 (PPARD gene), rs1042713 (ADRB2 gene), rs1799945 (HFE gene) in athletes of high­performance sports.Materials and methods: genotyping was performed using allele­specific amplification with real­time detection of the results and using TaqMan probes.Results: a higher frequency of alleles associated with endurance was found: the t allele of the rs1815739 polymorphism (ACTN3 gene), the g allele of the rs2016520 polymorphism (PPARD gene), the g allele of the rs1042713 polymorphism (ADRB2 gene), and the g allele of the rs1799945 polymorphism (HFE gene) in athletes of game sports.Conclusion: the results of genotyping of polymorphisms associated with endurance in the examined athletes showed a higher frequency of occurrence than in the population as a whole

Тhe study of Association of gene polymorphism with sports success and risk of alimentary-dependent diseases in athletes representing cyclic sports

The studies of genetic polymorphisms rs1815739 (ACTN3 gene), rs2016520 (gene PPARD), rs1042713 (ADRB2 gene), rs1799945 (HFE gene), rs1801282 (PPARG gene) of athletes involved in cyclic sports were carried out. Genotyping was performed using allele-specific amplification with real-time detection of results and the use of TaqMan probes. As a result of the research, a higher incidence of alleles associated with endurance (T-polymorphism rs1815739 and G - polymorphism rs2016520) was revealed in athletes of cyclic sports. The analysis of the results of genetic polymorphisms: rs9939609 gene FTO, ADRB3 rs4994 gene rs2228570 and VDR gene showed that the risk of development of alimentary-related diseases (obesity and osteoporosis) in the examined athletes after sports career is lower than in the General population

Socio-psycological aspects of stydying sharnirnay hinged pupet ( to the question of types of toys)

The material is devoted to the problems and type of games model of contemporary culture. We produce the variant of dolls types, division on the base realistic images. The popular bolt joined realistic doll isn’t the example of order games model.Статья посвящена специфике игровых моделей в современной культуре, предлагается вариант типологии игрушки, где разделение проводится по границе подвижности и степени условности. Шарнирная реалистичная кукла рассматривается как проявление нарушения основополагающих законов игры и отсутствия необходимых культурных цензов в современном социуме

Nutritional habits of athletes in speed-and-strength sports

Speed-and-strength sports differ from other sports because of its short time and very intense physical activity. ^e review provides a literature analysis of the effect of nutrients on the metabolic processes that occur during the occupation of these sports. During the training of athletes generally anaerobic mechanisms of muscular work dominate, so the nutrition of athletes focuses on the consumption of foods with high protein content and essential amino acids. ^e article describes general principles of diet constructing for athletes that should correspond to the basics of optimal nutrition, depend on the period of sport activity (training, competition, recovery), the duration and intensity of physical exertion, etc. Based on the results of recent studies published by domestic and foreign authors, the substantiation of the energy value and the chemical composition of the diet (the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, macro- and microelements), as well as the formation of diets and drinking regime for highly skilled athletes involved in speed-and-strength sports is given

Analytically solvable model of a driven system with quenched dichotomous disorder

We perform a time-dependent study of the driven dynamics of overdamped particles which are placed in a one-dimensional, piecewise linear random potential. This set-up of spatially quenched disorder then exerts a dichotomous varying random force on the particles. We derive the path integral representation of the resulting probability density function for the position of the particles and transform this quantity of interest into the form of a Fourier integral. In doing so, the evolution of the probability density can be investigated analytically for finite times. It is demonstrated that the probability density contains both a $\delta$-singular contribution and a regular part. While the former part plays a dominant role at short times, the latter rules the behavior at large evolution times. The slow approach of the probability density to a limiting Gaussian form as time tends to infinity is elucidated in detail.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure

Beta-blockers and chronic kidney disease: a literature review

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular diseases are widespread throughout the world and are closely related to each other. Sympathetic hyperactivity, characteristic of CKD, increases cardiovascular risk and accelerates the progression of kidney disease by activating beta-adrenergic receptors. Beta-blockers play an important role in preventing the negative effects of in creased activity of the sympathetic nervous system on the cardiovascular system and kidneys, can slow the progression of renal disease, and have proven effective in reducing overall and cardiovascular mortality and treatment of coronary heart disease, heart failure, arterial hypertension, and arrhythmias in patients with CKD. Despite this, beta-blockers are still underused in patients with CKD, especially in its later stages, including ESRD. Although there are currently no clear recommendations for the choice of any specific beta blocker in CKD, factors such as the CKD stage, presence of diabetes mellitus or reduced insulin sensitivity, and pharmacodynamics (cardioselectivity, α1-blocking- and vasodilating properties) and pharmacokinetic properties (metabolism, routes of elimination from the body, degree of binding to plasma proteins and dualizability) should be considered. At present, along with ACE inhibitors, AT1-receptor antagonists, and SGLT2 inhibitors, beta-blockers remain indispensable drugs for treating cardiovascular diseases with proven positive effects on the progression of kidney failure in patients with CKD. Their broader use in this population is expected to further reduce cardiovascular mortality and delay the initiation of renal replacement therapy

Evaluation of the actual nutrition and nutritional status of cyclic sports athletes

Objective: assessment of the actual nutrition of athletes involved in cyclic sports. Materials and methods: actual nutrition was investigated using 24-hour (daily) nutritional reproduction. Anthropometric study was conducted by height (cm) and body weight (kg) measuring with subsequent calculation of body mass index (BMI, kg/m2). Body composition was determined by the method of bioimpedansometry. Biochemical markers of nutritional status were determined using the «400 ABXPENTRA» Analyzer in unattended mode. Results: assessment of the actual nutrition of athletes revealed its imbalance-excess consumption of animal fat, cholesterol, sodium and added sugars (including confectionery). In the diet of athletes a vitamin deficiency of Group B, magnesium, calcium was detected, that was due to the insufficient consumption of dairy products, fish, vegetables and fruits. Conclusions: nutritional disorders caused adverse changes of the nutritional status in some of athletes surveyed that manifested by changes in the body composition, dyslipidemia against the background of insufficient efficiency of recovery processes and the risk of overwork

Influence of leptin administration to pregnant female mice on obesity development, taste preferences, and gene expression in the liver and muscles of their male and female offspring

The consumption of food rich in sugar and fat provokes obesity. Prenatal conditions have an impact on taste preferences and metabolism in the adult offspring, and this impact may manifest differently in different sexes. An increase in blood leptin level in pregnant females reduces the risk of obesity and insulin resistance in the offspring, although the mechanisms mediating this effect are unknown. Neither is it known whether maternal leptin affects taste preferences. In this study, we investigated the effect of leptin administration to pregnant mice on the development of diet-induced obesity, food choice, and gene expression in the liver and muscles of the offspring with regard to sex. Leptin was administered to female mice on days 11, 12, and 13 of pregnancy. In male and female offspring, growth rate and intake of standard chow after weaning, obesity development, gene expression in the liver and muscles, and food choice when kept on a high-calorie diet (standard chow, lard, sweet cookies) were recorded. Leptin administration to pregnant females reduced body weight in the female offspring fed on the standard diet. When the offspring were given a high-calorie diet, leptin administration inhibited obesity development and reduced the consumption of cookies only in males. It also increased the consumption of standard chow and the mRNA levels of genes for the insulin receptor and glucose transporter type 4 in the muscles of both male and female offspring. The results demonstrate that an increase in blood leptin levels in pregnant females has a sex-specific effect on the metabolism of the offspring increasing resistance to obesity only in male offspring. The mechanism underlying this effect includes a shift in food preference in favor of a balanced diet and maintenance of insulin sensitivity in muscle tissues

Food and water-drinking regime in endurance sports

Modern nutrition for athletes is based on the principles of rational nutrition and the peculiarities of muscle activity during the training process. This work demonstrates the review of the processes occurring during participation in endurance sports and its features. According to the modern classification used by domestic and foreign authors, the article provides a list of endurance types of sport with its characteristics. Endurance sports have repeatable phases of movements and hemodynamic component, which is characterized by the activity of the muscles of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Energy supply of muscle activity of endurance sports is mainly provided by aerobic glycolysis and glycogenolysis, as well as beta-oxidation of fats. There is a report of the influence of nutrients on the recovery of working capacity of athletes in endurance sports. The issues of food distribution during the day are affected, depending on the training and competitive process. Specific features of the formation of diets and drinking regime for highly skilled athletes involved in endurance sports are formulated