[prevalence Of Hpv 16, 18, 45 And 31 In Women With Cervical Lesions].

To determine the prevalence of HPV 16, 18, 31 and 45 in cervical screening samples of women with cellular changes and/or colposcopy suggestive of persistent high grade or low grade lesion who were submitted to conization. A total of 120 women were included in the study. Histological analysis of the cervical cones revealed 7 cases of cervicitis, 22 of CIN1, 31 of CIN2, 54 of CIN3, and 6 invasive carcinomas. The cervical screening samples were analyzed before conization for the presence of HPV-DNA by PCR using the consensus primers PGMY09/11. HPV-DNA-positive samples were tested for the presence of HPV16, 18, 31 and 45 using type-specific primers for these HPV. HPV-DNA was detected in 67.5% of the studied women. HPV 16 (40%) was the most prevalent type in most ilesions, followed by HPV 31 (13.3%), 45 (13.3%), and 18 (4.1%). Multiple infections occurred in 15% of the cases and infections with other HPV types were detected in 14% of the sample. HPV 16 and 18 infections do not always occur as a single infection, and may be associated with other HPV types on different occasions.32315-2

Prevalence of HPV 16, 18, 45 and 31 in women with cervical lesions

PURPOSE: to determine the prevalence of HPV 16, 18, 31 and 45 in cervical screening samples of women with cellular changes and/or colposcopy suggestive of persistent high grade or low grade lesion who were submitted to conization. METHODS: a total of 120 women were included in the study. Histological analysis of the cervical cones revealed 7 cases of cervicitis, 22 of CIN1, 31 of CIN2, 54 of CIN3, and 6 invasive carcinomas. The cervical screening samples were analyzed before conization for the presence of HPV-DNA by PCR using the consensus primers PGMY09/11. HPV-DNA-positive samples were tested for the presence of HPV16, 18, 31 and 45 using type-specific primers for these HPV. RESULTS: HPV-DNA was detected in 67.5% of the studied women. HPV 16 (40%) was the most prevalent type in most ilesions, followed by HPV 31 (13.3%), 45 (13.3%), and 18 (4.1%). Multiple infections occurred in 15% of the cases and infections with other HPV types were detected in 14% of the sample. CONCLUSIONS: HPV 16 and 18 infections do not always occur as a single infection, and may be associated with other HPV types on different occasions.OBJETIVO: avaliar a prevalência dos HPV 16, 18, 31 e 45 em amostras de raspado cervical de mulheres com alterações celulares e/ou colposcopia sugestiva de lesão de alto grau ou lesão de baixo grau persistente submetidas à conização. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas 120 mulheres. A análise histológica dos cones cervicais revelou 7 casos de cervicite, 22 de NIC1, 31 de NIC2, 54 de NIC3 e 6 carcinomas invasores. Foram analisadas as amostras de raspado cervical coletadas antes da conização para a presença do DNA-HPV por PCR com os primers de consenso, PGMY09/11. As amostras positivas para DNA de HPV foram testadas para presença do HPV16, 18, 31 e 45 utilizando-se primers tipo específico para esses HPV. RESULTADOS: O DNA-HPV foi detectado em 67,5% das mulheres. O HPV 16 (40%) foi o tipo mais prevalente na maioria das lesões, seguido dos HPV 31 (13,3%), 45 (13,3%) e 18 (4,1%). Infecções múltiplas ocorreram em 15% dos casos e as infecções por outros tipos de HPV foram detectadas em 14% da amostra. CONCLUSÕES: as infecções pelos HPV 16 e 18 nem sempre ocorrem de maneira solitária (infecção única), estando associadas a outros tipos de HPV em diversas ocasiões.31532

Classificação filogenética dos genótipos de papilomavírus humano em neoplasia intraepitelial cervical de alto grau em mulheres de uma região urbana brasileira densamente povoada

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Differences in human papillomavirus (HPV) types may correlate with the biological potential and invasion risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2 and CIN 3). The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between different combinations of HPV types and CIN severity. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study, at Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). METHODS: Cervical samples from 106 women treated due to CIN 2 (18) or CIN 3 (88) were examined for specific HPV genotypes using Roche Linear Array® (LA-HPV). The proportions of CIN 2 and CIN 3 in groups of women infected with the HPV phylogenetic groups A7 and A9 were compared. Three groups were formed: women with single infections; multiple infections; and the whole sample. RESULTS: Multiple infections were detected in 68 samples (64.7%). The most frequent high-risk genotypes detected (single/multiple) were HPV 16 (57.1%), HPV 58 (24.7%), HPV 33 (15.2%), HPV 52 (13.3%), HPV 31 (10.4%), HPV 51 (7.6%) and HPV 18 (6.6%). Women without infection with HPV species Alpha 9 were less likely to have CIN 3 than were their Alpha 9 HPV-infected counterparts. HPV 16 and/or HPV 18, with or without associations with other viral types, were more frequently found in women with CIN 3 than in those with CIN 2. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of high-grade CIN may be aggravated by the presence of HPV types included in the Alpha 9 phylogenetic classification and by infections including HPV 16 and 18, singly or in combination with other HPV genotypes.CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Diferentes tipos de papilomavírus humano (human papillomavirus, HPV) podem ser correlacionados com a capacidade biológica e risco de invasão das neoplasias intra-epitelial de alto grau cervical (NIC 2 e NIC 3). O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a relação de diferentes tipos de HPV com a gravidade da NIC. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal na Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados os genótipos específicos de HPV da amostra cervical de 106 mulheres com NIC 2 (18) ou NIC 3 (88), utilizando Roche Linear Array® (LA) HPV genotyping assay. Foram comparadas as proporções de NIC 2 e NIC 3 em grupos de mulheres infectadas com tipos de HPV dos grupos filogenéticos A7 e A9. Três grupos foram formados: mulheres com infecção simples; infecção múltipla; e infecção simples e múltipla. RESULTADOS: Infecções múltiplas foram detectadas em 68 (64,7%) das amostras. Os genótipos de alto risco mais frequentemente detectados em infecção simples ou múltipla foram HPV 16 (57,1%), HPV 58 (24,7%), HPV 33 (15,2%), HPV 52 (13,3%), HPV 31 (10,4%), HPV 51 (7,6%) e HPV 18 (6,6%). A probabilidade de mulheres com NIC 3 serem infectadas com HPV que não da espécie Alfa 9 era menor do que com os tipos de HPV da espécie Alfa 9. HPV 16 e ou 18, associado ou não com outros tipos virais eram mais frequentemente encontrados nas mulheres com NIC 3 do que naquelas com NIC 2. CONCLUSÃO: A gravidade da NIC de alto grau pode ser aumentada pela presença de tipos de HPV incluídos na classificação filogenética Alfa 9 e por infecções que incluem HPV 16 e 18 combinados ou não com outros genótipos de HPV.12212

Symptoms, Ca125 And He4 For The Preoperative Prediction Of Ovarian Malignancy In Brazilian Women With Ovarian Masses.

This manuscript evaluates whether specific symptoms, a symptom index (SI), CA125 and HE4 can help identify women with malignant tumors in the group of women with adnexal masses previously diagnosed with ultrasound. This was a cross-sectional study with data collection between January 2010 and January 2012. We invited 176 women with adnexal masses of suspected ovarian origin, attending the hospital of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Unicamp School of Medicine. A control group of 150 healthy women was also enrolled. Symptoms were assessed with a questionnaire tested previously. Women with adnexal masses were interviewed before surgery to avoid recall bias. The Ward Agglomerative Method was used to define symptom clusters. Serum measurements of CA125 and HE4 were made. The Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) was calculated using standard formulae. Sixty women had ovarian cancer and 116 benign ovarian tumors. Six symptom clusters were formed and three specific symptoms (back pain, leg swelling and able to feel abdominal mass) did not agglomerate. A symptom index (SI) using clusters abdomen, pain and eating was formed. The sensitivity of the SI in discriminating women with malignant from those with benign ovarian tumors was 78.3%, with a specificity of 60.3%. Positive SI was more frequent in women with malignant than in women with benign tumors (OR 5.5; 95% CI 2.7 to 11.3). Elevated CA125 (OR 11.8; 95% CI 5.6 to 24.6) or HE4 (OR 7.6; 95% CI 3.7 to 15.6) or positive ROMA (OR 9.5; 95% CI 4.4 to 20.3) were found in women with malignant tumors compared with women with benign tumors. The AUC-ROC for CA125 was not different from that for HE4 or ROMA. The best specificity and negative predictive values were obtained using CA125 in women with negative SI. Women diagnosed with an adnexal mass could benefit from a short enquiry about presence, frequency and onset of six symptoms, and CA125 measurements. Primary care physicians can be thereby assisted in deciding as to whether or not reference the woman to often busy, congested specialized oncology centers.1342

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among women candidates for in vitro fertilization at a public institution of the State of São Paulo, Brazil

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) among women candidates to in vitro fertilization (IVF) in a reference public service in southeastern Brazil. METHODS: Women who were referred for IVF from April 1st, 2008 to December 31st, 2009 were enrolled sequentially in the study. A ginecological-obstetrical background questionnaire was applied and endocervical swab samples were obtained to search for CT and NG using hybrid capture and PCR. The variables studied were: age, color, education, duration of infertility, number of pregnancies and living children, history of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, number of sex partners, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), pelvic surgery, manipulation of the uterine cavity, smoking, and illicit drug use. The women were distributed according to the presence/absence of confirmed chlamydia infection and descriptive analysis was employed. RESULTS: Among 176 women tested the prevalence of CT infection was 1.1% and there was no NG infection. Two thirds of the women were &gt;30 years old, with schooling &gt;8 years and <5 years of infertility, and 56.2% had no children. The main background data were pelvic surgery (77.8%), manipulation of the uterine cavity (62.5%) and PID (27.8%). The tubal factor was the most prevalent, 73.3% of women (from 129), 37.5% had been sterilized, 35.8% had not been sterilized, and other factors had a prevalence <30%. CONCLUSIONS: CT and NG infections had a low prevalence in this sample. Studies at other centers in the country are needed to confirm the prevalence of infection in this particular group of infertile women.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de infecção por Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) e Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) em mulheres candidatas ao tratamento tópico e de fertilização in vitro (FIV) em serviço público de referência da Região Sudeste do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Mulheres que tiveram indicação de FIV, no período de 1º de abril de 2008 a 31 de outubro de 2009, foram admitidas sequencialmente no estudo. Foi aplicado um questionário sobre antecedentes ginecológicos e obstétricos e coletada amostra de swab endocervical para pesquisa de CT e NG através de captura híbrida e PCR. As variáveis estudadas foram: faixa etária, cor, escolaridade, tempo de infertilidade, número de gestações e filhos vivos, antecedentes de aborto, gestação ectópica, número de parceiros, Doença Inflamatória Pélvica (DIP), cirurgia pélvica, manipulação de cavidade uterina, tabagismo e uso de drogas ilícitas. As mulheres foram distribuídas segundo presença ou não de infecção por clamídia e a análise foi descritiva. RESULTADOS: Entre as 176 mulheres estudadas a prevalência de infecção por CT foi de 1,1%, não houve infecção por NG. Dois terços das mulheres tinham idade &gt;30 anos, escolaridade &gt;8 anos, <5 anos de infertilidade e 56,2% não tinham filhos. Os principais antecedentes foram cirurgia pélvica (77,8%), manipulação de cavidade uterina (62,5%) e DIP (27,8%). O fator tubário foi o mais prevalente, em 129 mulheres (73,3%), 37,5% com e 35,8% sem laqueadura, os demais fatores tiveram prevalência <30%. CONCLUSÕES: As infecções por CT e NG tiveram baixa prevalência na amostra estudada e são necessários estudos em outros centros do país para confirmar a prevalência de infecções nesse grupo particular de mulheres inférteis.425431Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Inclusion of symptoms in the discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses

PURPOSE: To assess the association between clinical symptoms and the diagnosis of malignancy in women with adnexal tumors who underwent surgery. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, in which 105 women with adnexal tumors and indication for laparotomy/laparoscopy were included. All women were treated at a teaching hospital in the state of São Paulo between November 2009 and March 2011. All patients underwent a structured interview about the occurrence of 18 symptoms associated with ovarian cancer. The interview included the severity, frequency, and duration of these symptoms in the 12 months prior to the first medical consultation. The CA125 levels and the ultrasound classification of the tumors were also evaluated. We calculated for each symptom the prevalence ratio with 95% confidence intervals. The golden-standard was the result of the pathological examination of the surgical specimens. RESULTS: Of the 105 women included, 75 (71.4%) had benign tumors and 30 (28.6%) had malignant ones. In women with malignant tumors, the most frequent symptoms were: abdominal bloating (70%), increased abdominal size (67%), pelvic pain (60%), menstrual irregularity (60%), swelling (53%), abdominal pain (50%), backache (50%), and early repletion (50%). Women with benign tumors showed essentially pelvic pain (61%), menstrual irregularities (61%), and abdominal swelling (47%). Symptoms significantly associated with malignancy were: bloating (PR=2.0; 95%CI 1.01 - 3.94), increased abdominal size (PR=2.16; 95%CI 1.12 - 4.16), backache (RP=1.97; 95%CI 1.09 - 3.55), swelling (PR=2.25; 95%CI 1.25 - 4.07), early repletion (RP=2.06; 95%CI 1.14 - 3.70), abdominal mass (PR=1.83; 95%CI 1.01 - 3.30), eating difficulties (PR=1.98; 95%CI 1.10 - 3.56), and postmenopausal bleeding (PR=2.91; 95%CI 1.55 - 5.44). The presence of pelvic pain, constipation, dyspareunia, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting, menstrual irregularity, weight loss, diarrhea, and bleeding after intercourse was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: In women with adnexal tumors including indication of surgical treatment, the preoperative evaluation of symptoms may help predicting malignancy.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação entre sintomas clínicos e malignidade em mulheres com tumores anexiais, submetidas à cirurgia. MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal com coleta prospectiva, no qual foram incluídas 105 mulheres, atendidas em um hospital de ensino do Estado de São Paulo de novembro de 2009 a março de 2011, devido ao tumor anexial e à indicação de laparotomia/laparoscopia. Todas foram submetidas a uma entrevista estruturada sobre a ocorrência de 18 sintomas associados ao câncer de ovário. A entrevista incluiu gravidade, frequência e duração dos sintomas nos 12 meses prévios à primeira consulta. Também foram avaliados os níveis de CA125 e a classificação ultrassonográfica. Foi calculada para cada sintoma a razão de prevalência com intervalo de confiança de 95%. O padrão-ouro foi o resultado do exame anatomopatológico das peças cirúrgicas. RESULTADOS: Das 105 mulheres incluídas, 75 (71,4%) apresentaram tumores benignos e 30 (28,6%), malignos. Em mulheres com tumores malignos, os sintomas foram mais frequentes, dentre eles: inchaço abdominal (70%), aumento do volume abdominal (67%), dor pélvica (60%), irregularidade menstrual (60%), empachamento (53%), dor abdominal (50%), dor nas costas (50%) e saciedade precoce (50%). As mulheres com tumores benignos apresentaram essencialmente dor pélvica (61%), irregularidade menstrual (61%) e inchaço abdominal (47%). Os sintomas significativamente associados com malignidade foram: sensação de inchaço abdominal (RP=2,0; IC95% 1,01 - 3,94), aumento objetivo do volume abdominal (RP=2,16; IC95% 1,12 - 4,16), dor nas costas (RP=1,97; IC95% 1,09 - 3,55), empachamento (RP=2,25; IC95% 1,25 - 4,07), saciedade precoce (RP=2,06; IC95% 1,14 - 3,70), massa abdominal (RP=1,83; IC95% 1,01 - 3,30), dificuldade para deglutir (RP=1,98; IC95% 1,10 - 3,56) e sangramento pós-menopausa (RP=2,91; IC95% 1,55 - 5,44). A presença de dor pélvica, constipação, dispareunia, fadiga, dor abdominal, náusea e/ou vômito, irregularidade menstrual, perda de peso, diarreia e sinusorragia foram semelhantes nos dois grupos. CONCLUSÕES: Em mulheres com tumores anexiais com indicação cirúrgica, a avaliação pré-operatória dos sintomas pode auxiliar na predição da malignidade.51151

Detection and genotyping of the human papilomavirus (HPV) in women with high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Orientadores: Sophie Françoise Mauricette Derchain, Luis Otavio SarianDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias MedicasResumo: Introdução: Este estudo faz parte de uma linha de pesquisa cuja finalidade é avaliar testes de detecção de papilomavírus humano (HPV) envolvidos na carcinogênese e rastreamento de câncer cervical. Até recentemente, a captura híbrida 2 (HC2) para detecção de um pool de HPV de alto risco oncogênico foi o método clínico mais estudado por este grupo. Entretanto, frente à evidente diferença no risco de evolução das lesões cervicais, a genotipagem do HPV através de análise do ácido nucléico passou a ser relevante. Objetivo: Avaliar a distribuição de infecções simples e múltiplas de diferentes tipos de HPV em mulheres com neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical de alto grau (NIC2 e NIC3). Sujeitos e Métodos: Foram avaliados os genótipos específicos de HPV da amostra cervical de 106 mulheres utilizando Roche Linear Array® human papillomavirus (LA-HPV) genotyping assay (Roche Diagnostics,USA). O material foi coletado antes da conização cervical. Foram comparadas as proporções de NIC2 e NIC3 em grupos de mulheres infectadas com tipos de HPV dos grupos filogenéticos Alfa7 (A7) e Alfa9 (A9). Três situações foram consideradas: mulheres com 1) infeccão simples; 2) infecção múltipla; 3) infecção simples e múltipla. Foram comparadas as proporções de diferentes combinações de tipos de HPV em grupos de mulheres com NIC2 e NIC3. Resultados: Pelo menos um tipo de HPV foi detectado em 99% das amostras. Infecções múltiplas foram detectadas em 68 (64,7%) das amostras. Os genótipos de alto risco mais freqüentemente detectados em infecção simples ou múltipla foram HPV16 (57,1%), HPV58 (24,7%), HPV33 (15,2%), HPV52 (13,3%), HPV31 (10,4%) e HPV51 (7,6%) e HPV18 (6,6%). A probabilidade de mulheres com NIC3 serem infectadas com HPV da espécie A9 foi maior. Os HPV 16 e ou 18, associados ou não com outros tipos virais foram mais frequentemente encontrados nas mulheres com NIC3 do que naquelas com NIC2. Conclusão: A severidade da NIC esteve associada com a presença de tipos de HPV incluídos na classificação filogenética A9 e por infecções que incluem HPV16 e 18 combinados ou não com outros genótipos de HPVAbstract: Objective: To evaluate the distribution of single and multiple infections of different human papillomavirus (HPV) types in women with high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2 and CIN3) and to assess the relation of the various combinations of virus with the severity of CIN. Subject and methods: Cervical samples from 106 women treated due to CIN2 (18) or CIN3 (88) were examined for specific HPV genotypes using Roche Linear Array® Human Papillomavirus (LA-HPV)(Roche Diagnostics, USA). The material was collected immediately before cervical conization. The proportion of CIN2 and CIN3 in groups of women infected with varying HPV phylogenetic groups Alpha7 (A7) and Alpha9 (A9) was compared. Three situations were considered: women with 1) single infection; 2) multiple infections; 3) the whole sample. The proportions of CIN2 and CIN3 in groups of women with different combinations of HPV types were compared. Results: At least one HPV type was detected in 99% of the whole series. Multiple infections were detected in 68 (64.7%) samples. The most frequent high-risk genotypes detected (single/multiple) were HPV16 (57.1%), HPV58 (24.7%), HPV33 (15.2%), HPV52 (13.3%), HPV31 (10.4%), HPV51 (7.6%) and HPV18 (6.6%). Women with CIN3 were more infected with HPV of species A9. HPV16 and/or HPV18, associated or not with other viral types, were more frequently found in specimens of women with CIN3 than in those of women with CIN2. Conclusions: the severity of high-grade CIN may be associated by the presence of HPV types included in the A9 phylogenetic classification and by infections including HPV16 and 18 combined or not with other HPV genotypesMestradoCiencias BiomedicasMestre em Tocoginecologi