Élites commémorantes et mise en scène de l’histoire dans la construction de l’identité lachinoise à l’époque du maire Anatole Carignan (1933-1939 et 1944-1952)

Ce mémoire s’attarde au rôle joué par les élites commémorantes dans la construction d’une identité sur le plan local. À partir des mandats à la mairie d’Anatole Carignan à Lachine de 1933 à 1939 et de 1944 à 1952, il identifie les membres-clés de l’élite et du réseau lié à la création et à la fabrication de mises en scène, de monuments et de festivités de l’histoire municipale. Les commémorations proposées aux citoyens portent sur le massacre de Lachine, la reconnaissance de personnages tels que René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle et Désiré Girouard, la fête civique du 6 juillet, le 275e anniversaire de Lachine en 1944, le 100e anniversaire de la liaison ferroviaire entre Montréal et Lachine en 1947 et le 100e anniversaire de la fondation de la municipalité en 1948. Le mémoire comprend une analyse critique des deux principales mises en scène présentées durant cette période, celle du massacre de Lachine et son rituel funèbre au cœur du Vieux-Lachine, et le spectacle théâtral ou pageant qui reprend une version de l’histoire locale de 1667 à 1944. De plus, les édiles municipaux ont laissé un double héritage à leurs concitoyens : l’acquisition de la maison Le Ber-Le Moyne transformée en Musée et la fondation de la Société d’histoire régionale de Lachine.This M.A. thesis considers the role of commemorative elites2 who contributed to the development of local identity. Starting with the mandates of mayor Anatole Carignan, in Lachine, 1933 to 1939 and 1944 to 1952, it identifies key members of the elites and of the network linked to the creation of events, monuments and festivities of the local history. Commemorations presented to the citizens are the recognition of historical figures such as René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle and Désiré Girouard, the civic holiday of July 6th, the 275th anniversary of Lachine in 1944, the 100th anniversary of the incorporation of the municipality of Lachine in 1948. The thesis contains a critical review of two important productions that took place in this period: the Lachine massacre and its funeral ceremonial in the heart of Old Lachine; and, a pageant recreating the history of Lachine from 1667 to 1944. Additionally, these municipal elites bequeathed two important legacies: the acquisition of the LeBer-LeMoyne house, which became a museum, and the founding of the Lachine Regional History Society

Reliability of a quantitative clinical posture assessment tool among persons with idiopathic scoliosis

Objective To determine overall, test–retest and inter-rater reliability of posture indices among persons with idiopathic scoliosis. Design A reliability study using two raters and two test sessions. Setting Tertiary care paediatric centre. Participants Seventy participants aged between 10 and 20 years with different types of idiopathic scoliosis (Cobb angle 15 to 60°) were recruited from the scoliosis clinic. Main outcome measures Based on the XY co-ordinates of natural reference points (e.g. eyes) as well as markers placed on several anatomical landmarks, 32 angular and linear posture indices taken from digital photographs in the standing position were calculated from a specially developed software program. Generalisability theory served to estimate the reliability and standard error of measurement (SEM) for the overall, test–retest and inter-rater designs. Bland and Altman's method was also used to document agreement between sessions and raters. Results In the random design, dependability coefficients demonstrated a moderate level of reliability for six posture indices (ϕ = 0.51 to 0.72) and a good level of reliability for 26 posture indices out of 32 (ϕ ≥ 0.79). Error attributable to marker placement was negligible for most indices. Limits of agreement and SEM values were larger for shoulder protraction, trunk list, Q angle, cervical lordosis and scoliosis angles. The most reproducible indices were waist angles and knee valgus and varus. Conclusions Posture can be assessed in a global fashion from photographs in persons with idiopathic scoliosis. Despite the good reliability of marker placement, other studies are needed to minimise measurement errors in order to provide a suitable tool for monitoring change in posture over time.CIHR / IRS

Application of a new method in the study of pelvic floor muscle passive properties in continent women

The aim of this study was to present a new methodology for evaluating the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) passive properties. The properties were assessed in 13 continent women using an intra-vaginal dynamometric speculum and EMG (to ensure the subjects were relaxed) in four different conditions: (1) forces recorded at minimal aperture (initial passive resistance); (2) passive resistance at maximal aperture; (3) forces and passive elastic stiffness (PES) evaluated during five lengthening and shortening cycles; and (4) percentage loss of resistance after 1 min of sustained stretch. The PFMs and surrounding tissues were stretched, at constant speed, by increasing the vaginal antero-posterior diameter; different apertures were considered. Hysteresis was also calculated. The procedure was deemed acceptable by all participants. The median passive forces recorded ranged from 0.54 N (interquartile range 1.52) for minimal aperture to 8.45 N (interquartile range 7.10) for maximal aperture while the corresponding median PES values were 0.17 N/mm (interquartile range 0.28) and 0.67 N/mm (interquartile range 0.60). Median hysteresis was 17.24 N∗mm (interquartile range 35.60) and the median percentage of force losses was 11.17% (interquartile range 13.33). This original approach to evaluating the PFM passive properties is very promising for providing better insight into the patho-physiology of stress urinary incontinence and pinpointing conservative treatment mechanisms

PCR-free DNA-based biosensing with polymeric optical hybridization transduction using micro- and submicron-magnetic bead captured on micro-electromagnetic traps

Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye

Department of Revenue v. Kurth Ranch: Double Jeopardy. A: Multiple Punishment Component. Q: What is Confusion? Continuing Where Halper and Austin Left Off

This note examines the United States Supreme Court decision holding the imposition of a state drug tax unconstitutional in that it violates the multiple punishment component of the Double Jeopardy Clause. The author contends that the majority's application of Double Jeopardy jurisprudence was not only faulty and erroneous, but inconsistent in light of the Court's prior holdings. The court fashioned a test which allows for a much lower level of judicial deference to the legislature, and in so doing, continued on a recent trend, albeit an erroneous one, that is expanding the scope of Double Jeopardy protection