Çeşitli Lise Öğrencilerinin Genel Akademik Bilgi Düzeyleri

Eğitim sistemi ekonomik işlevi gereği, hem ekonominin ihtiyaç duyduğu insan gücünü yetiştirmek, hem de ülkede varolan insangücü (yetenek) potansiyellerini ortaya çıkarmak durumundadır. Bireylerin ilgi ve yeteneklerinin ortaya çıkarılıp geliştirilmesinde de eğitim sistemi içinde yönelme- yöneltme, faaliyetlerine görev düşmektedir. Nitekim 1739 sayılı Milli Eğitim Temel Kanun'un 6 maddesi “Fertler eğitimleri süresince ilgi, istidat ve kabiliyetleri ölçüsünde ve doğrultusunda çeşitli programlara veya okullara yöneltilerek yetiştirilirler" şeklinde paralele bir hüküm getirmektedir

Course and Prognosis of Sarcoidosis in a Referral Setting in Turkey; Analysis of 166 Patients

Backround: Clinical manifestations and prognosis of sarcoidosis are heterogenous and the prevalence varies depending on the country, area and race evaluated. Also the organs involved and courses of the disease differ greatly between countries, areas, races and individuals. Aims: To investigate the sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentation and symptoms and to determine the severity and prognosis of sarcoidosis in Turkey as a referral center. Methods: Between January and July 2003 we retrospectively evaluated the outcome of the patients with sarcoidosis whose first clinical visits were between 1965 and 2003 in the multidisciplinary referral setting RS at Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty of the University of Istanbul. Data collected about each patient included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentation, symptoms, date of diagnosis, date and age of onset, method and stage of disease at the date of diagnosis and at the date of last evaluation; the mortality and survival rate were calculated. One hundred and sixty six consecutive patients whose first clinical visits were between 1965 and 2003 in the multidisciplinary RS at Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty were enrolled. We contacted every patient in our cohort by telephone calls or home visits. All those contacted were called back to outpatient clinic for a formal evaluation between June and September 2003. A formal physical examination and thorax radiography were performed in patients who came to the hospital. Their radiological stage, signs, symptoms and associated extrapulmonary manifestations were recorded. Results: At the initial presentation, the mean age of diagnosis was 40.3 years. The 31–40 age group is the group with the highest number of patients. Coughing was the most frequent symptom and erythema nodosum was the most frequent sign in both sexes. Thirty eight percent of patients had extrathoracic involvement. The most frequent extrapulmonary site of involvement was skin. The mortality rate was 11.6% (10.8% in females and 13% in males). Comorbidity was 3% (5 females, 1 male). Females, youngs and patients without extrathoracic involvement had higher survival rates. Conclusion: Clinical characteristics, course and prognosis of sarcoidosis vary in different studies. The results may vary accordingly to ethnic, geographic, social and economic conditions

Diagnosis of cutaneous sarcoidosis; clinical and the prognostic significance of skin lesions

Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas in various tissues. Cutaneous involvement occurs in 20 to 35 percent of the patients and may be the initial manifestation of the disease. Our study was performed to discriminate the clinical, laboratory, and prognostic differences between patients with specific and nonspecific cutaneous involvement. The second aim was to asses the diagnostic usefulness of punch biopsy in sarcoidosis

Computed Tomography and Bronchoscopy in Endobronchial Tuberculosis

BACKGROUND: The therapeutic response to endobronchial tuberculosis is usually evaluated by bronchoscopy. Currently, there are no published studies investigating the use of computed tomography for the evaluation of therapeutic response in endobronchial tuberculosis

Diagnostic value of peripheral lymph node biopsy in sarcoidosis: A report of 67 cases

A peripheral lymph node (PLN) 1 cm or greater was found in 79 of 546 sarcoidosis patients (14.5%) between 1972 and 2005. Seventy-two of the 79 sarcoidosis patients had a lymph node biopsy performed. Sixty-seven of these biopsy specimens were histologically diagnosed as sarcoidosis, whereas five patients had a reactive adenopathy. For patients with histological diagnosis of sarcoidosis, localizations of the biopsies were as follows: cervical (n=21), supra-clavicular (n=20), inguinal (n=11), axillary (n=8), epitrochlear (n=5) and submandibular (n=2). At the time of biopsy, 12 patients had stage 0 disease, 37 patients had stage I disease, 14 patients had stage II disease and four patients had stage III disease. Skin involvement (16.4%) was the most frequently observed type of organ involvement in patients who had enlarged PLNs due to sarcoidosis. In the presence of an enlarged PLN in sarcoidosis, biopsy had a greater diagnostic value compared with other methods, as well as having a relatively low cost (approximately US$120) in Turkey. No procedure-related complications were observed. In conclusion, it is recommended that PLNs be thoroughly examined when sarcoidosis is suspected. If an enlarged PLN is found, biopsy should be routinely performed because it is an easy, convenient and practical method, with a low complication risk and a high sensitivity