Use of radioactive tracers for selection of rare earth precipitants and ignition temperatures

Variations have been found in the specific activity of ignited radioactive-labeled rare earth oxide samples. The variations appear to depend on the precipitating agents and temperatures. Using various precipitating agents and different ignition temperatures, samples of /sup 88/Y-, /sup 168/Tm-, and /sup 173/ /sup 174/Lu-labeled oxides were produced from stock solutions. Observed specific activities were compared to the known specific activities of the starting solutions. At 800/sup 0/C ignition temperatures, errors of 6% to 7% can be obtained for yttrium precipitated with 8-hydroxyquinoline or ammonia. Thulium and lutetium quinolates and cupferrates ignited at 800/sup 0/C are in error by 3 to 5%. Results show that temperatures in excess of 1000/sup 0/C are required for complete ignition of rare earth quinolates, cupferrates, hydroxides, and chlorides

Allocating the Burdens of Climate Action: Consumption-Based Carbon Accounting and the Polluter-Pays Principle

Action must be taken to combat climate change. Yet, how the costs of climate action should be allocated among states remains a question. One popular answer—the polluter-pays principle (PPP)—stipulates that those responsible for causing the problem should pay to address it. While intuitively plausible, the PPP has been subjected to withering criticism in recent years. It is timely, following the Paris Agreement, to develop a new version: one that does not focus on historical production-based emissions but rather allocates climate burdens in proportion to each state’s annual consumption-based emissions. This change in carbon accounting results in a fairer and more environmentally effective principle for distributing climate duties

The risk stratification of adverse neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes (STRONG) study

Aims: To assess the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes (GDM) by identifying subgroups of women at higher risk to recognize the characteristics most associated with an excess of risk. Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study involving consecutive women with GDM. To identify distinct and homogeneous subgroups of women at a higher risk, the RECursive Partitioning and AMalgamation (RECPAM) method was used. Overall, 2736 pregnancies complicated by GDM were analyzed. The main outcome measure was the occurrence of adverse neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by GDM. Results: Among study participants (median age 36.8 years, pre-gestational BMI 24.8 kg/m2), six miscarriages, one neonatal death, but no maternal death was recorded. The occurrence of the cumulative adverse outcome (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.59–3.87), large for gestational age (OR 3.99, 95% CI 2.40–6.63), fetal malformation (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.00–7.18), and respiratory distress (OR 4.33, 95% CI 1.33–14.12) was associated with previous macrosomia. Large for gestational age was also associated with obesity (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.00–2.15). Small for gestational age was associated with first trimester glucose levels (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.04–3.69). Neonatal hypoglycemia was associated with overweight (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.02–2.27) and obesity (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.04–2.51). The RECPAM analysis identified high-risk subgroups mainly characterized by high pre-pregnancy BMI (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.21–2.33 for obese; OR 1.38 95% CI 1.03–1.87 for overweight). Conclusions: A deep investigation on the factors associated with adverse neonatal outcomes requires a risk stratification. In particular, great attention must be paid to the prevention and treatment of obesity

Replication-induced DNA secondary structures drive fork uncoupling and breakage

Sequences that form DNA secondary structures, such as G-quadruplexes (G4s) and intercalated-Motifs (iMs), are abundant in the human genome and play various physiological roles. However, they can also interfere with replication and threaten genome stability. Multiple lines of evidence suggest G4s inhibit replication, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Moreover, evidence of how iMs affect the replisome is lacking. Here, we reconstitute replication of physiologically derived structure-forming sequences to find that a single G4 or iM arrest DNA replication. Direct single-molecule structure detection within solid-state nanopores reveals structures form as a consequence of replication. Combined genetic and biophysical characterisation establishes that structure stability and probability of structure formation are key determinants of replisome arrest. Mechanistically, replication arrest is caused by impaired synthesis, resulting in helicase-polymerase uncoupling. Significantly, iMs also induce breakage of nascent DNA. Finally, stalled forks are only rescued by a specialised helicase, Pif1, but not Rrm3, Sgs1, Chl1 or Hrq1. Altogether, we provide a mechanism for quadruplex structure formation and resolution during replication and highlight G4s and iMs as endogenous sources of replication stress

Confiabilidad de la escala : Consideración de futuras consecuencias y correlato con tabaquismo y rendimiento académico

Introducción: El uso apropiado de la escala Consideración de Futuras Consecuencias requiere evidencias locales de sus propiedades. Objetivos: poner a prueba la estabilidad de las mediciones con la escala y explorar su correlato con el tabaquismo y rendimiento estudiantil. Método: se aplicó técnica de test y re-test con intervalo de 2 semanas y encuesta a 90 estudiantes universitarios. Se utilizó el promedio de calificaciones en evaluaciones parciales como indicador de rendimiento académico. Resultados: La correlación entre ambas administraciones para CFC Total fue alta y significativa (r = 0,80; p < 0,01; n = 81), al igual que para las sub-escalas (CFC-D r = 0,73; p < 0,01; CFC-P r = 0,76; p < 0,01). No se pudo sostener la hipótesis de relación entre CFC e indicadores de consumo tabáquico y rendimiento académico.Introduction: Appropriate use of the Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) Scale requires development of empirical properties in specific locales. Objectives: To test the stability of the scale’s scores and explore the relationships between CFC scores and smoking and academic achievement. Method: Test-retest reliability was calculated using a two week interval of survey administration to 90 university students. GPA in psychiatry courses was the index of academic achievement. Results: CFC Total scores at test and retest administrations correlated strongly and significantly (r = 0.80, p < 0.01, n = 81), as did CFC subscale scores (CFC-D r = 0.73, p < 0.01; CFC-P r = 0.76, p < 0.01). Results did not support the hypothesized relationship between CFC and indices of tobacco consumption and academic performance.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Confiabilidad de la escala : Consideración de futuras consecuencias y correlato con tabaquismo y rendimiento académico

Introducción: El uso apropiado de la escala Consideración de Futuras Consecuencias requiere evidencias locales de sus propiedades. Objetivos: poner a prueba la estabilidad de las mediciones con la escala y explorar su correlato con el tabaquismo y rendimiento estudiantil. Método: se aplicó técnica de test y re-test con intervalo de 2 semanas y encuesta a 90 estudiantes universitarios. Se utilizó el promedio de calificaciones en evaluaciones parciales como indicador de rendimiento académico. Resultados: La correlación entre ambas administraciones para CFC Total fue alta y significativa (r = 0,80; p < 0,01; n = 81), al igual que para las sub-escalas (CFC-D r = 0,73; p < 0,01; CFC-P r = 0,76; p < 0,01). No se pudo sostener la hipótesis de relación entre CFC e indicadores de consumo tabáquico y rendimiento académico.Introduction: Appropriate use of the Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) Scale requires development of empirical properties in specific locales. Objectives: To test the stability of the scale’s scores and explore the relationships between CFC scores and smoking and academic achievement. Method: Test-retest reliability was calculated using a two week interval of survey administration to 90 university students. GPA in psychiatry courses was the index of academic achievement. Results: CFC Total scores at test and retest administrations correlated strongly and significantly (r = 0.80, p < 0.01, n = 81), as did CFC subscale scores (CFC-D r = 0.73, p < 0.01; CFC-P r = 0.76, p < 0.01). Results did not support the hypothesized relationship between CFC and indices of tobacco consumption and academic performance.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Confiabilidad de la escala : Consideración de futuras consecuencias y correlato con tabaquismo y rendimiento académico

Introducción: El uso apropiado de la escala Consideración de Futuras Consecuencias requiere evidencias locales de sus propiedades. Objetivos: poner a prueba la estabilidad de las mediciones con la escala y explorar su correlato con el tabaquismo y rendimiento estudiantil. Método: se aplicó técnica de test y re-test con intervalo de 2 semanas y encuesta a 90 estudiantes universitarios. Se utilizó el promedio de calificaciones en evaluaciones parciales como indicador de rendimiento académico. Resultados: La correlación entre ambas administraciones para CFC Total fue alta y significativa (r = 0,80; p < 0,01; n = 81), al igual que para las sub-escalas (CFC-D r = 0,73; p < 0,01; CFC-P r = 0,76; p < 0,01). No se pudo sostener la hipótesis de relación entre CFC e indicadores de consumo tabáquico y rendimiento académico.Introduction: Appropriate use of the Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) Scale requires development of empirical properties in specific locales. Objectives: To test the stability of the scale’s scores and explore the relationships between CFC scores and smoking and academic achievement. Method: Test-retest reliability was calculated using a two week interval of survey administration to 90 university students. GPA in psychiatry courses was the index of academic achievement. Results: CFC Total scores at test and retest administrations correlated strongly and significantly (r = 0.80, p < 0.01, n = 81), as did CFC subscale scores (CFC-D r = 0.73, p < 0.01; CFC-P r = 0.76, p < 0.01). Results did not support the hypothesized relationship between CFC and indices of tobacco consumption and academic performance.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Fine sediment reduces vertical migrations of Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in response to surface water loss

Surface and subsurface sediments in river ecosystems are recognized as refuges that may promote invertebrate survival during disturbances such as floods and streambed drying. Refuge use is spatiotemporally variable, with environmental factors including substrate composition, in particular the proportion of fine sediment (FS), affecting the ability of organisms to move through interstitial spaces. We conducted a laboratory experiment to examine the effects of FS on the movement of Gammarus pulex Linnaeus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) into subsurface sediments in response to surface water loss. We hypothesized that increasing volumes of FS would impede and ultimately prevent individuals from migrating into the sediments. To test this hypothesis, the proportion of FS (1–2 mm diameter) present within an open gravel matrix (4–16 mm diameter) was varied from 10 to 20% by volume in 2.5% increments. Under control conditions (0% FS), 93% of individuals moved into subsurface sediments as the water level was reduced. The proportion of individuals moving into the subsurface decreased to 74% at 10% FS, and at 20% FS no individuals entered the sediments, supporting our hypothesis. These results demonstrate the importance of reducing FS inputs into river ecosystems and restoring FS-clogged riverbeds, to promote refuge use during increasingly common instream disturbances

Exploración de un constructo relevante para la salud: la consideración de futuras consecuencias

Introducción: La consideración de futuras consecuencias es un factor que se relaciona con eventos de salud. Objetivo: explorar la distribución del constructo en población estudiantil y propiedades de escala de medición. Método: Se tomaron datos colectivamente a 120 estudiantes de nivel medio en La Plata, Argentina, con la escala Consideración de Futuras Consecuencias, luego de su traducción al español y retro-traducción al inglés. Resultados: Los valores totales se distribuyeron normalmente (Ẋ= 38,9; DE = 6,4; K-S = 0,06; p = 0,200). El valor del coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para la CFC total fue 0,58. Conclusión: Los hallazgos aportan preliminar sostén de la escala CFC, pero aún no son suficientes como para considerarla completamente confiable en la población estudiada.Facultad de Ciencias Médica