Encoding the Oppositional Stance in Candyman (2021): an Ideological Analysis

The scholarly analysis focuses on the representation of the oppositional stance in the 2021 Candyman film. The research indicates that there is a lack of representation from the minority view point in the horror genre but newer movies such as the 2021 Candyman are paving the way for change. The filmmakers encode this underrepresented viewpoint in a way that serves to empower minorities in the film, especially African Americans. The encoding of minorities in major roles, the victimization of mainly privileged white people as Candyman\u27s targets, the flipping of preconceived societal norms, and the framing of the monster all work to bring light to low income, black communities\u27 real life struggles while empowering them through these methods and embracing an opposition ideology throughout the film. Using ideological analysis, the scholarly analysis illustrates the encoding of this viewpoint by the filmmakers as compared to the decoding done by the audience, using online reviews as a reflection of audience and critic perceptions. Comments and reviews have shown that many audience members and critics alike are struggling to adjust to this oppositional stance encompassing direct references to social issues and sometimes even more representation of minority groups in major roles, while maintaining a sufficient level of scariness for it to still be considered a horror film. Others have resonated with the film\u27s encoded perspective and may even feel empowered as a result

The contributions of fibre atrophy, fibre loss, in situ specific force and voluntary activation to weakness in sarcopenia

The contributions of fibre atrophy, fibre loss, in situ specific force and voluntary activation to weakness in sarcopenia remain unclear. To investigate, forty older (20 women; age 72±4yrs) and 31 younger adults (15 women, age 22±3yrs) completed measurements. The knee extensor maximal voluntary torque (MVC) was measured as well as voluntary activation, patella tendon moment arm length, muscle volume and fascicle architecture to estimate in situ specific force. Fibre cross-sectional area (FCSA), fibre numbers and connective tissue contents were also estimated from vastus lateralis biopsies. The MVC, quadriceps volume and specific force were 39%, 28% and 17% lower, respectively, in old compared with young, but voluntary activation was not different. The difference in muscle size was due in almost equal proportions to lower type II FCSA and fewer fibres. Five years later (n=23) the MVC, muscle volume and voluntary activation in old decreased an additional 12%, 6% and 4%, respectively, but there was no further change in specific force. Conclusions: in situ specific force declines relatively early in older age and reduced voluntary activation occurs later, but the overall weakness in sarcopenia is mainly related to loss of both type I and II fibres and type II fibre atrophy

The American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Diagnostic Criteria for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective: To develop new diagnostic criteria for mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) that are appropriate for use across the lifespan and in sports, civilian trauma, and military settings. Design: Rapid evidence reviews on 12 clinical questions and Delphi method for expert consensus. Participants: The Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Task Force of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Brain Injury Special Interest Group convened a Working Group of 17 members and an external interdisciplinary expert panel of 32 clinician-scientists. Public stakeholder feedback was analyzed from 68 individuals and 23 organizations. Results: The first 2 Delphi votes asked the expert panel to rate their agreement with both the diagnostic criteria for mild TBI and the supporting evidence statements. In the first round, 10 of 12 evidence statements reached consensus agreement. Revised evidence statements underwent a second round of expert panel voting, where consensus was achieved for all. For the diagnostic criteria, the final agreement rate, after the third vote, was 90.7%. Public stakeholder feedback was incorporated into the diagnostic criteria revision prior to the third expert panel vote. A terminology question was added to the third round of Delphi voting, where 30 of 32 (93.8%) expert panel members agreed that ‘the diagnostic label ‘concussion’ may be used interchangeably with ‘mild TBI’ when neuroimaging is normal or not clinically indicated.’ Conclusions: New diagnostic criteria for mild TBI were developed through an evidence review and expert consensus process. Having unified diagnostic criteria for mild TBI can improve the quality and consistency of mild TBI research and clinical care.</p

The American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Diagnostic Criteria for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective: To develop new diagnostic criteria for mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) that are appropriate for use across the lifespan and in sports, civilian trauma, and military settings. Design: Rapid evidence reviews on 12 clinical questions and Delphi method for expert consensus. Participants: The Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Task Force of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Brain Injury Special Interest Group convened a Working Group of 17 members and an external interdisciplinary expert panel of 32 clinician-scientists. Public stakeholder feedback was analyzed from 68 individuals and 23 organizations. Results: The first 2 Delphi votes asked the expert panel to rate their agreement with both the diagnostic criteria for mild TBI and the supporting evidence statements. In the first round, 10 of 12 evidence statements reached consensus agreement. Revised evidence statements underwent a second round of expert panel voting, where consensus was achieved for all. For the diagnostic criteria, the final agreement rate, after the third vote, was 90.7%. Public stakeholder feedback was incorporated into the diagnostic criteria revision prior to the third expert panel vote. A terminology question was added to the third round of Delphi voting, where 30 of 32 (93.8%) expert panel members agreed that ‘the diagnostic label ‘concussion’ may be used interchangeably with ‘mild TBI’ when neuroimaging is normal or not clinically indicated.’ Conclusions: New diagnostic criteria for mild TBI were developed through an evidence review and expert consensus process. Having unified diagnostic criteria for mild TBI can improve the quality and consistency of mild TBI research and clinical care.</p

The American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Diagnostic Criteria for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective: To develop new diagnostic criteria for mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) that are appropriate for use across the lifespan and in sports, civilian trauma, and military settings. Design: Rapid evidence reviews on 12 clinical questions and Delphi method for expert consensus. Participants: The Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Task Force of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Brain Injury Special Interest Group convened a Working Group of 17 members and an external interdisciplinary expert panel of 32 clinician-scientists. Public stakeholder feedback was analyzed from 68 individuals and 23 organizations. Results: The first 2 Delphi votes asked the expert panel to rate their agreement with both the diagnostic criteria for mild TBI and the supporting evidence statements. In the first round, 10 of 12 evidence statements reached consensus agreement. Revised evidence statements underwent a second round of expert panel voting, where consensus was achieved for all. For the diagnostic criteria, the final agreement rate, after the third vote, was 90.7%. Public stakeholder feedback was incorporated into the diagnostic criteria revision prior to the third expert panel vote. A terminology question was added to the third round of Delphi voting, where 30 of 32 (93.8%) expert panel members agreed that ‘the diagnostic label ‘concussion’ may be used interchangeably with ‘mild TBI’ when neuroimaging is normal or not clinically indicated.’ Conclusions: New diagnostic criteria for mild TBI were developed through an evidence review and expert consensus process. Having unified diagnostic criteria for mild TBI can improve the quality and consistency of mild TBI research and clinical care.</p

Combinations of motor measures more strongly predict adverse health outcomes in old age: the rush memory and aging project, a community-based cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>Motor impairment in old age is a growing public-health concern, and several different constructs have been used to identify motor impairments in older people. We tested the hypothesis that combinations of motor constructs more strongly predict adverse health outcomes in older people.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In total, 949 people without dementia, history of stroke or Parkinson's disease, who were participating in the Rush Memory and Aging Project (a longitudinal community-based cohort study), underwent assessment at study entry. From this, three constructs were derived: 1) physical frailty based on grip strength, timed walk, body mass index and fatigue; 2) Parkinsonian Signs Score based on the modified motor section of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale; and 3) a motor construct, based on nine strength measures and nine motor performances. Disability and cognitive status were assessed annually. A series of Cox proportional-hazards models, controlling for age, sex and education, were used to examine the association of each of these three constructs alone and in various combinations with death, disability and Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>All three constructs were related (mean <it>r </it>= 0.50, all <it>P </it>< 0.001), and when considered individually in separate proportional-hazards models, were associated with risk of death, incident disability and AD. However, when considered together, combinations of these constructs more strongly predicted adverse health outcomes.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Physical frailty, parkinsonian signs score and global motor score are related constructs that capture different aspects of motor function. Assessments using several motor constructs may more accurately identify people at the highest risk of adverse health consequences in old age.</p

Sexual boundary violation index: A validation study

This paper explores the psychometric properties of the Boundary Violation Index (BVI), a screening instrument designed to assess the attitudes, thoughts, and behaviors of physicians at risk of sexual misconduct with patients and staff. Items for the BVI were selected and validated using a two phase process of administration of the tool along with the Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST) to physicians referred to a CME course for boundary violating behaviors (n = 60 and 272) along with a control group (n = 118). Criterion-related validity in relation to the SAST was strong (r = 0.68, p \u3c 0.001) and construct validity was demonstrated by the difference between intervention and comparison group BVI scores (p \u3c 0.001). A BVI score of ≥6 for interpreting substantive risk had a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 81%, and represented a greater than 20-fold greater risk (Exp B = 20.5, 95% CI 11.8-35.7, model p \u3c 0.001) for membership in the intervention group. The BVI offers promise as a preliminary tool for identification of physicians at risk for boundary violating behaviors and may have utility for medical education and/or monitoring purposes

Panel II: Issues with Enforcement: Human Trafficking, Pornography and Prostitution

Panel II: Issues with Enforcement: Human Trafficking, Pornography and Prostitution John Witte Jr., Robert W. Woodruff Professor of Law, Emory University School of Law (moderator) David Delmonico, Professor, Duquesne University and Director, Online Behavior Research and Education Center Mary J. Leary, Professor of Law, The Catholic University of America Dalia Racine, Deputy Chief ADA at DeKalb County District Attorney\u27s Office, Human Trafficking Unit Bob Rubin, Partner at Peter, Rubin & Sheffield, P.A

Panel II: Issues with Enforcement: Human Trafficking, Pornography and Prostitution

Panel II: Issues with Enforcement: Human Trafficking, Pornography and Prostitution John Witte Jr., Robert W. Woodruff Professor of Law, Emory University School of Law (moderator) David Delmonico, Professor, Duquesne University and Director, Online Behavior Research and Education Center Mary J. Leary, Professor of Law, The Catholic University of America Dalia Racine, Deputy Chief ADA at DeKalb County District Attorney\u27s Office, Human Trafficking Unit Bob Rubin, Partner at Peter, Rubin & Sheffield, P.A