Epidemiological features of children mortality in the area covered by Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences in 2012

Background and Aim: Under 5-years mortality year is one of the most important indicators of development and health in the countries. Therefore, generating accurate picture of child mortality in order to evaluate the death causes and identifying the avoidable factors for designing the interventions and preventing similar death is necessary. The present study aimed to investigate the causes of deaths in 1 to 59 months children in the area covered by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2012. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study that conducted from March 2012 to March 2013, all of 1 to 59 months children deaths in the area covered by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were investigated. Required data was extracted from registration forms of the child health office of ministry of health and medical education. Results: The total number of deaths in 1 to 59 months children was 383. The highest frequency of death was observed in the children who aged between 1 to 12 months (57.8%). More than half of the children who died were boy (52.5%). Totally, the most common causes of death were congenital and chromosomal abnormalities (17.5%), injuries (15.4%) and cancers (11.2%). Conclusion: Based on the results, designing interventions such as genetic counseling in high risk couples, training of the parent and children for prevention of injuries and public awareness about the warning symptom of the cancers and respiratory system disease in order to reduce the children deaths is essential

Predictors of Preventive Nutritional Behaviors of Cardiovascular Diseases among Women Referred to Community Health Centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Based on the Health Belief Model

Background and Objective: Some cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by identifying the risk factors such as smoking, unhealthy diet and obesity, physical inactivity, high blood pressure, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. The present study aimed to determine the predictors of preventive nutritional behaviors of cardiovascular diseases among women referred to community health centers of shahid beheshti university of medical sciences based on the health belief model in 2017. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 370 women aged 15-49 years referred to health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were selected by multistage sampling. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire based on health belief model constructs. The questionnaires were completed whithin a month and data were entered into SPSS-16 software. Then, data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 35.9 (8.1). Decreased mean (SD) of perceived barrier structures 56.6 (13.4) (P<0.001), and increased perceived self-efficacy 81.8 (11.9) (P=0.04) and perceived susceptibility 76.1 (13.3) (P<0.001), improved protective nutritional behaviors of cardiovascular diseases with a mean (SD) score of 70.8 (10.9). Conclusion: The study showed that decreased perceived barriers and increased self-efficacy and perceived susceptibility improved the preventive nutritional behaviors for cardiovascular diseases among women. In addition, perceived barriers were also the most prominant predictor of preventive nutritional behaviors of cardiovascular diseases among women.   DOI: http://doi.org/10.22037/ch.v6i1.2181

Review of Injuries Leading to Death in Children Aged 1to59 Months in the Area Covered by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from March 2011- March 2013

  Background and Objective: Injuries have been identified as one of the most important causes of disability and death in humans, and children are more vulnerable to injuries than adults because of limitations in the detection of risk. The present study aimed to investigate the children aged 1 to 59 months death due to injuries cases in the area covered by the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Methods and materials: This survey was a cross-sectional and descriptive study conducted during the years 2011 to 2013. In this study all of the children aged 1 to 59 months deaths due to injuries cases that have occurred in the area covered by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were studied. Required data was extracted from registration forms of the child health office of Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Results: The total number of deaths due to injuries recorded for children aged 1 to 59 month was 103. The most common causes of death were transport accidents, falls, drowning and respiratory obstruction. The highest frequency of death was observed in the children aged 1 to12months (24.3%).More than half of the children who died were boys (54.4%). Conclusion: Approximately 70% of deaths due to injuries in children aged1to 59 months were due to the four following causes: transport accidents, falls, drowning and respiratory obstruction. All of these causes are preventable, thus, designing interventions in order to reduce children’s deaths is essential and should be considered as a priority by the national health planners. REFERENCES1- Ramazani A, Izadkhah M, Gholeenejad B, Amirabadizadeh H. Epidemiologic study and relationship factors of home injuries in clients to Birjand hospital in 2004. J Rostamineh. 2010;2(3):71-9.2- Mahram M, Derakhshandeh J, Jamshidi M, Yektaparast M. Study of home injuries in clients of health centers and hospitals of Zanjan: 1999. Scientific J ZanjanUniv Med Sci. 2000;8(33):41-6.3- Jagnoor J, Suraweera W, Keay L, Ivers RQ, Thakur J, Jha P. Unintentional injury mortality in India, 2005: nationally representative mortality survey of 1.1 million homes. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:487.4- Hardelid P, Davey J, Dattani N, Gilbert R. Child Deaths Due to Injury in the Four UK Countries: A Time Trends Study from 1980 to 2010. PLoS One. 2013;8(7):e68323.5- Schwebel DC, Gaines J. Pediatric unintentional injury: behavioral risk factors and implications for prevention. J DevBehavPediatr. 2007 Jun;28(3):245-54.6- Gururaj G. Injury prevention and care: an important public health agenda for health, survival and safety of children. Indian J Pediatr. 2013 Mar;80Suppl 1:S100-8.7- Sekii H, Ohtsu T, Shirasawa T, Ochiai H, Shimizu T, Kokaze A. Childhood mortality due to unintentional injuries in Japan, 2000&amp;#8211;2009. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013 Feb;10(2):528-40.8- Montazeri Z, Salari M, Malakzadeh J, Rostaminejad A. Study on the frequency of injuries among children at Beheshti hospital in YasujArmaghaneDanesh. 2003;8(29):2-8.9- Soori H, Naghavi M. Childhood deaths from unintentional injuries in rural areas of Iran. Inj prev. 1998;4(3):222-4.10- Lornejad H, Barakati H. Report of national child mortality surveilance system - ministry of health and medical education. . Tehran: Pooneh; 2009. 11- Lyra R, Silva Rdos S, Montenegro Junior RM, Matos MV, Cezar NJ, Fernandes VO, et al. High prevalence of arterial hypertension in a Brazilian Northeast population of low education and income level, and its association with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2012 Apr;58(2):209-14.12- Soori H. Epidemiology of injuries in children presenting to the emergency hospital in Ahvaz. Jundishapur J Med Sci. 2002;30(32):1-11.13- Manikashani K, Saba M, Azimian M. The incidence of injury in elementary school students of Hamadan: 1998-1999. 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Effects of Community-Based Newborn Care Intervention on Neonate Health Status in a District of Tehran (Iran)

Objective: To identify the effects of community-based interventions on the Neonatal Health Index in one district of Tehran-Iran. Materials and methods: A community and healthcare center-based study was carried out from January 2011 through September 2014. The population of the study included newborns from mothers residing in the 4th district of Tehran, Iran. Demographic data of mothers and infants were recorded in questionnaires before and after intervention. Interventions were implemented in hospitals, participants' homes, and health centers. The primary outcomes were comparison of mean birth weight, weight gain during the first 3-7 days, first week visit rate, hospitalization rate between the before and after intervention groups. Results: The populations in the before and after intervention groups were 274 and 250, respectively. A significant difference was seen between the gestational ages (P value = 0.007) of the two groups. Mean birth height in the first group was 50.35 ± 3.48 and in the second group was 55 ± 5.32 cm (P value = 0.04). Neonatal complications in the second group were 6.9% lower than in the first group (P value = 0.048). In the first group 41 neonates (15%) were hospitalized in the NICU while in the second group 12 cases (4.8%) were hospitalized (P value = 0.018). Seven cases (2.6%) in the first group and one case (0.4%) in the second group were resuscitated (P value = 0.0001). Conclusion: The results of implementing community-based newborn care strategies witnessed at the first week postnatal visit included improvements inneonatal gestational growth, management of neonates with potentially serious illnesses, diagnosis of warning signs and neonatal care practices