El cuerpo femenino como espacio de lucha y poder en la literatura de habla inglesa : el legado de William Shakespeare en la narrativa de Toni Morrison y Margaret Atwood

Doctorado en Ciencias del Lenguaje con mención en Culturas ComparadasLa corporeidad identitaria femenina es un fenómeno social y cultural que se materializa en los discursos sociales. La construcción identitaria del cuerpo femenino está moldeada por el contexto social y expresa un determinado momento del devenir cultural. El discurso literario, como exponente de lo social, presenta huellas de este moldeado socio-cultural. Los interrogantes que problematizan esta investigación son los siguientes: ¿qué es lo que hace que un hecho social se vierta en un hecho literario?, ¿cómo es que una práctica socio-cultural plasmada en una obra modelizante -la shakesperiana- genera o deviene en prácticas culturales similares o disímiles?, ¿cómo se imprime la huella del legado discursivo de las obras de William Shakespeare en autoras que pertenecen a momentos y espacios culturales que, si bien son de habla inglesa, Toni Morrison y Margaret Atwood, manifiestan marcadamente su heterogeneidad? Las teorías que guían esta investigación son: 1- la teoría literaria: Bajtin y Williams, 2- la teoría del poder y la crítica feminista: Foulcault, Braidotti y Butler; y 3- la sociocrítica y el análisis del discurso crítico: Angenot y Fairclough. Las preguntas que pautan la construcción de la herramienta analítica están relacionadas con: 1-¿cuáles son las distintas huellas o marcas en la superficie textual que constituyen la identidad discursiva del cuerpo femenino en las obras shakespereanas y las de las autoras en cuestión?, 2- ¿existen prácticas discursivas materializadas en textos literarios que adquieren el estatuto de modelos culturales? Y, si las hay: 3- ¿pueden dichas prácticas o construcciones modelizantes trasvasarse de una cultura a otra a través de la producción literaria? Al concluir el estudio se determina que, en las postrimerías de la normatividad, y a pesar de la distancia temporal que separa al período isabelino del posmoderno, la corporeidad identitaria femenina se trasvasa de un estadio a otro. Este vínculo se establece como producto en las obras afroamericanas y canadienses, en tanto que el legado de W. Shakespeare irrumpe como el comienzo de un proceso de resquebrajamiento y se constituye en un legado sine qua non de la cultura posmoderna.Fil: Fernandez, Silvia Lucia del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Lenguas; Argentina

Adaption planning to climate change in industrial fisheries: Progress in the Basque tropical tuna fishery

Climate change impacts on ocean living organisms and ecosystems have flow-on effects on fisheries and their associated values. Industrial fisheries operate long distance fleets that potentially have the capacity to respond to such impacts by using technology and changing the timing and distribution of fishing effort. However, long-term adaptation to climate change in industrial fisheries entails larger structural changes that include adaptive management and international cooperation, where actors beyond the industry need to be engaged. How industrial fisheries are tackling adaptation to climate change is largely unknown, as is the role that actors in these systems undertake. In this study, we explored the Basque tropical tuna fishery to understand past and projected adaptation actions by each of the main actors in the fishery. We performed in-depth interviews with high-level representatives from 65% of the fishing industry, governments, research bodies, and non-governmental organizations of the Basque tropical tuna freezer purse seine fishery operating in the central-eastern Atlantic Ocean. We found that the fishery system has engaged in adaptation actions that seek to improve fishery sustainability, and that most adaptation actions are undertaken by the fishing industry. We also found that actors promote several types of adaptation actions such as practice change, and capacity building, among others, and that there is a lack of joint adaptation planning. We discuss the challenge in identifying suitable adaptation options to promote resilient and sustainable fisheries and to avoid losing their associated values.Gobierno Vasco - Eusko JaurlaritzaAgencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. CEX2021-001201-MUniversidade de Vigo/CISU

Psychological Intervention Based on Psychoneuroimmunology in Children and Adults

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a field that has developed significantly during the last three decades; it has come to scientifically demonstrate the importance of the mind in the prevention, development and treatment of diseases. Throughout this chapter, we describe the evolution of PNI, the interaction of these systems to actively develop them, not only in adults but also in children. Similarly, it explains the influence of stress on the health of the individual and the importance of knowledge of psychoneuroimmunology to achieve the proper management of disease and quality of life. It also accounts for how psychological interventions have been proven effective and can serve as a model for researching and treating other diseases

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children from a shanty town in Tucuman, Argentina

A parasitological survey was conducted in children living in a poor area next to a drainage channel, in Tucumán province, Argentina. Stool specimens from 115 children were collected and samples were analyzed by direct microscopy examination and concentration techniques. The prevalence rate of intestinal parasites infection was high (78.3%) and Blastocystis hominis was the most frequent protozoan parasite found (68.9%) followed by Giardia intestinalis (33.3%), Entamoeba coli (24.4%), Endolimax nana (12.2%), Chilomastix mesnili (5.6%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii (2.2%). Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent intestinal helminth, with an infection frequency of 38.9%, followed by Trichuris trichiura (13.3%), Strongyloides stercoralis (13.3%), Hymenolepis nana (7.8%) and Enterobius vermicularis (3.3%). Multiple parasitic infections were also high, affecting 71.1% of infected population. These results indicate that sanitary policies, including health care and sanitary education have been inadequate for the control of intestinal parasitism in this high-risk population. Implementation of sanitation programs is a basic need and a joint collaboration between public servant and health professionals should be a priority.Fil: Dib, Julian Rafael. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Microbiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Zenoff, Maria Veronica. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Microbiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Oquilla, Juana del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Microbiología; ArgentinaFil: Lazarte, S.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Microbiología; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Silvia Nelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Microbiología; Argentin

Three-dimensional assessment of the judo throwing techniques frequently used in competition

Background and Study Aim: Although the judo throwing techniques are not considered as injurious to the attacker, repetition of these techniques might cause repetitive strain type injuries. The goal of the study was knowledge about the degrees of flexion and extension and abduction and adduction of the main locomotive joints, performing the most employed throwing techniques in high-level competition. Material and Methods: Two world-class judoists, under the supervision of an elite Japanese expert, performed seoi-nage, uchi-mata, osoto-gari, ouchi-gari and kouchi-gari. They were analysed using three-dimensional technology. Results: Data of performance throws obtained from expert 1 and 2 respectively were very similar. Results indicate that systematic repetition of seoi-nage, uchi-mata and o-soto-gari can produce shoulder tendon pathologies. Long-term seoi-nage and uchi-mata practice might generate epicondylitis. Judokas who have suffered anterior cruciate ligament injuries must be careful when executing techniques that demand explosive knee extension (i.e. seoi-nage) against a great resistance. Judokas are not exposed to overuse injuries when they perform ouchi-gari and kouchi-gari throws. Conclusions: Systematic practice of the most employed judo throwing techniques in high-level judo can cause injuries by overuse in the upper-body joints (shoulder, elbow). Nevertheless, the lower-body joints (knee, ankle) do not seem to be at risk of injury by overuse

Impact of operatoŕs experience on peri-procedural outcomes with Watchman FLX: Insights from the FLX-SPA registry 2

Left atrial appendage; Occlusion; OutcomesApéndice auricular izquierdo; Oclusión; ResultadosApèndix auricular esquerre; Oclusió; ResultatsBackground The Watchman FLX is a device upgrade of the Watchman 2.5 that incorporates several design enhancements intended to simplify left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) and improve procedural outcomes. This study compares peri-procedural results of LAAO with Watchman FLX (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Massachusetts) in centers with varying degrees of experience with the Watchman 2.5 and Watchman FLX. Methods Prospective, multicenter, “real-world” registry including consecutive patients undergoing LAAO with the Watchman FLX at 26 Spanish sites (FLX-SPA registry). Implanting centers were classified according to the center’s prior experience with the Watchman 2.5. A further division of centers according to whether or not they had performed ≤ 10 or > 10Watchman FLX implants was prespecified at the beginning of the study. Procedural outcomes of institutions stratified according to their experience with the Watchman 2.5 and FLX devices were compared. Results 359 patients [mean age 75.5 (SD8.1), CHA2DS2-VASc 4.4 (SD1.4), HAS-BLED 3.8(SD0.9)] were included. Global success rate was 98.6%, successful LAAO with the first selected device size was achieved in 95.5% patients and the device was implanted at first attempt in 78.6% cases. There were only 9(2.5%) major peri-procedural complications. No differences in efficacy or safety results according to the centeŕs previous experience with Watchman 2.5 and procedural volume with Watchman FLX existed. Conclusions The Watchman FLX attains high procedural success rates with complete LAA sealing in unselected, real-world patients, along with a low incidence of peri-procedural complications, regardless of operatoŕs experience with its previous device iteration or the number of Watchman FLX devices implanted

Does one bout of high intensity resistance training change circulatory levels of Irisin?

The recently novel identified myokine, irisin, has gained attention as a way to increase energy expenditure by enhancing metabolic function. Exercise and active lifestyle increase the synthesis of contraction-regulated myokines that have direct effect on cells metabolism. PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of one bout of high intensity exercise on circulatory levels of irisin in healthy young adults. METHODS: A total of 24 participants (age 21.3 ± 2.1 years, body mass index [BMI] 22.12 ± 1 kg/m2, lean body mass [LBM] 46 ± 10.1 kg, and relative body fat [%BF] 25.9 ± 9.9) were recruited. Subjects were blocked by sex, BMI, LBM, and %BF content and randomized to either control (n=13) or intervention (n=11). Physical Fitness was assessed by means of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), strength tests (Bench press and Leg press one repetition maximum [1RM]), and cardiopulmonary maximal stress test. Blood samples were collected to assess irisin at baseline, during (45 minutes), and post-intervention. RESULTS: Irisin (ul/ml) levels for control and intervention groups were 6.1 ± 1.7 and 5.77 ± 0.9 at baseline, 5.6 ± 1.3 and 6.03 ± 1 at 45-min, and 6.3 ± 1.9 and 5.8 ± 1.1 at post respectively. Interaction effect (time x intervention) was close to statistical significance (F[2,44]=3.106, p=0.055), and time (F[2,44]=0.837, p=0.440) and intervention (F[1,22]=0.091, p=0.766) factors were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to heterogeneous research findings, the lack of changes on serum concentrations of irisin after intervention shown in this study adds controversial results to the literature. Furthermore, values obtained on irisin concentrations in the control group resulted in more questions rather than answers. We hypothesize that, if irisin is an exercise-induced hormone, other confounding variables such as room temperature, or body temperature might be critical factors to control for future studies

Parasitological Survey of Schoolchildren from a High-Altitude Community from Tucumán Province, Argentina. Remarkable Low Detection of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Comparison with Coastal Communities

The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among schoolchildren in Colalao del Valle, a high-altitude community in Tucumán province, Argentina, was investigated. The data revealed a high prevalence of parasitism (79.7%) with no significant differences in distribution by sex or age. Protozoa infections were the most common with Blastocystis hominis being the most prevalent (62.5%), followed by Giardia lamblia (29.7%), Endolimax nana (15.6%), Entamoeba coli (12.5%) and Iodamoeba bustchili (3.1%). Interestingly, there was an absence of soil-transmitted helminths among the studied population which could be related to climate (variable temperatures, moderate rainfall) and soil type (clay).Fil: Dib, Julian Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Zenoff, Maria Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Oquilla, Juana del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Rudelli, M.. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Lazarte, S.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Silvia Nelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentin