Mujeres migrantes dominicanas en la Patagonia argentina. Reflexiones exploratorias desde una perspectiva de género descolonial

El presente artículo es un ejercicio de reflexión crítica sobre la realidad de las mujeres migrantes dominicanas que habitan en la región del Golfo San Jorge, en la Patagonia argentina. A partir de la conjunción de la perspectiva de género con el pensamiento descolonial, intentamos una aproximación al estudio de los procesos identitarios que operan de manera dinámica en la construcción de la subjetividad de este grupo. El desarrollo de este trabajo se centra en el estudio de la vinculación entre la vulnerabilidad, la estigmatización y las prácticas de resistencia.Fil: del Prato, Julieta Viviana. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Negozio giuridico

Nella tradizione del diritto civile l’espressione ‘negozio giuridico’ è impiegata per indicare gli atti di autonomia privata: quegli atti di disposizione mediante i quali i privati costituiscono diritti o ne dispongono. Essi possono anche definirsi atti innovativi, impegnativi o conformativi della realtà giuridica. La disciplina di tali atti si ricava, in mancanza di norme specifiche, da quella del contratto. L’omogeneità funzionale tra atto impegnativo e contratto è espressa dal limite della ‘compatibilità’ previsto dall’art. 1324 c.c

How the digital press builds discursive representations? The case of migrant women in Comodoro Rivadavia

Este artículo se propone estudiar las representaciones sociales sobre las migrantes bolivianas, paraguayas y dominicanas que circulan en los principales medios de la prensa digital de la ciudad de Comodoro Rivadavia, en la provincia de Chubut, Argentina. Desde la perspectiva de los Estudios Críticos del Discurso se analizarán las estrategias lingüístico-­discursivas utilizadas en la construcción de representaciones, que en ciertos casos victimizan y pasivizan, y en otros, criminalizan a estos grupos de mujeres. El corpus estará conformado por dos tipos de discursos: por un lado, las noti­cias que hacen referencia a las mujeres migrantes –en su mayoría, correspondientes a la sección policiales-­; y por el otro, el conjunto de comentarios de lectores que aparecen vinculados a esas noticias. La inclusión del abordaje de los comentarios permi­te un acercamiento al estudio del alcance de las representaciones puestas en circulación social. Como principal marco teórico se empleará el modelo de la transitividad ideacional desarrollado por Halliday y Matthiessen (2004), mediante el cual es posible observar de qué manera son representados los participantes de las noticias y en qué tipos de procesos están involucrados. La metodología que se utilizará será dialéctica y cualitativa.This article focuses in studying the social representations of the Bolivian, Paraguayan and Dominican migrants, which circulate in the mainstream media from the press of the city of Comodoro Rivadavia, in Chubut Province, Argentina. From the perspective of Critical Discourse Studies, it will be analized linguistic-­discourse strategies used in the construction of representations, which in certain cases victimizes and passivates, and in others, criminalizes these groups of women. The corpus will consist of two types of discourse: on the one hand, the news that refer to women migrants –mostly related to police news-­, and on the other, the set of reader comments that appear linked to the news. The inclusion of comments addres­ sing allows an approach to study the scope of the social representations put into cir­culation. As the main theoretical framework, it will be employed Halliday and Matthiessen’s transitivity model (2004), from which it is possible to observe how participants are represented in the news and what kinds of processes are involved. The methodology used will be qualitative and dialectic.Fil: del Prato, Julieta Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia; Argentina. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; Argentin

Metformin: an inexpensive and effective treatment in people with diabetes and COVID-19?

Metformin: an inexpensive and effective treatment in people with diabetes and COVID-19? Comment

Continued efforts to translate diabetes cardiovascular outcome trials into clinical practice

Diabetic patients suffer from a high rate of cardiovascular events and such risk increases with HbA1c. However, lowering HbA1c does not appear to yield the same benefit on macrovascular endpoints, as observed for microvascular endpoints. As the number of glucose-lowering medications increases, clinicians have to consider several open questions in the management of type 2 diabetes, one of which is the cardiovascular risk profile of each regimen. Recent placebo-controlled cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) have responded to some of these questions, but careful interpretation is needed. After general disappointment around CVOTs assessing safety of DPP-4 inhibitors (SAVOR, TECOS, EXAMINE) and the GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide (ELIXA), the EMPA-REG Outcome trial and the LEADER trial have shown superiority of the SGLT2-I empagliflozin and the GLP-1RA liraglutide, respectively, on the 3-point MACE outcome (cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke) and cardiovascular, as well as all-cause mortality. While available mechanistic studies largely support a cardioprotective effect of GLP-1, the ability of SGLT2 inhibitor(s) to prevent cardiovascular death was unexpected and deserves future investigation. We herein review the results of completed CVOTs of glucose-lowering medications and suggest a possible treatment algorithm based on cardiac and renal co-morbidities to translate CVOT findings into clinical practice

Essays on the Economics of Labor Markets and Retirement Policies

This dissertation explores three distinct yet relevant aspects of la- bor markets, shedding new light the micro- and macroeconomic mechanisms behind them. It comprises three independent essays. In the first chapter, I explore a novel mechanism through which firms can provide value to their employees: reducing on-the-job search frictions. I build a structural search model where the rate of job offers depends on the current employer. Workers thus value the firms’ contribution to accelerating their ascent on the job ladder. Using a reduced-form approach, I demonstrate the existence of this compensating differential and its payoff in terms of future earnings. Finally, I structurally estimate the model, showing a precise fit with the data. The second chapter offers new evidence of the heterogeneous ef- fects on firm productivity distribution caused by a labor market re- form aimed at enhancing labor flexibility, which indirectly reduced labor costs. Specifically, we show that this decrease in labor costs— attributable to the unique features of Italian collective bargaining institutions—suppresses total factor productivity (TFP) among al- ready unproductive firms while increasing it for the most produc- tive ones. We argue that this effect is driven by negative selection at the bottom of the distribution and construct a model that ratio- nalizes this mechanism and provides welfare implications. The third chapter uses an overlapping generation model to study the implications on optimal taxation of the government’s use of a credible set of social security instruments. We reveal that these instruments introduce new redistributive motives and crowd out others in the context of a standard Ramsey problem. We calibrate the model using data from three different economies, showing that current retirement benefits exceed their optimal level and that the implementation of funded social security schemes is desirable. The dissertation contributes to various branches of labor economics and macro-public finance literature: i. it investigates a brand new compensating differential channel for high-skilled workers that ex- plains a significant component of employees’ transitions behavior; ii. it presents new empirical and theoretical evidence on the hetero- geneous effects of labor market reforms on productivity; iii. it char- acterizes optimal distortionary labor and capital taxation for the first time in the context of a rich set of social security instruments, bridging the gap between social security and traditional Ramsey policy instruments

Loss of early insulin secretion leads to postprandial hyperglycaemia

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: A loss of early-phase insulin response is common in Type II diabetic patients and in people with impaired glucose metabolism. It is hypothesized that this alteration is not simply a marker for the risk of developing diabetes, rather it is a an important pathogenetic mechanism causing excessive postprandial hyperglycaemia. METHODS: Relevant literature on the epidemiology, physiopathology, and therapeutic intervention related to loss of early insulin secretion and postprandial hyperglycaemia has been analysed. RESULTS: In response to intravenous glucose, insulin secretion is biphasic. This behaviour translates as a rapid release of insulin into the blood stream in response to the ingestion of carbohydrates or a mixed meal. The rapid increase in portal insulin concentration and the avid binding of the hormone to its receptor on liver cell membranes, account for a prompt suppression of endogenous glucose production and reduction of the rate of increase in plasma glucose concentrations. This has been supported by experimental studies carried out in both animals and humans: the selective abolition of early insulin secretion in healthy subjects results in impaired glucose tolerance, excessive glucose excursions, and possible hampering of the thermic effects of ingested carbohydrates. In non-diabetic subjects, the loss of early insulin secretion is a determinant for developing diabetes. The critical role of the early-phase insulin response in determining postprandial hyperglycaemia, is supported by an amelioration of glucose tolerance by restoring the acute rise in plasma insulin concentrations after the ingestion of both glucose and a mixed meal. This amelioration in plasma glucose profile can prevent late hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring a physiological pattern of insulin secretion could prove effective in reducing postprandial glucose excursions particularly in the early stage of Type II diabete