Knowledge and Practice towards Active Management of Third Stage of Labour, among Obstetric Care Providers Adama Town Governmental Health Facilities, Oromia, Ethiopia From September 12 to November 08 2019

Introduction: The third stage of labour is period between birth of the baby and complete expulsion of the placenta and membrane, which is risky period because of profuse Post-partum hemorrhages. It is prophylactic intervention composed of a package of three components or steps: It includes use of uterotonic immediately following delivery of the fetus, controlled cord traction and fundal massage immediately after delivery of the placenta, followed by palpation of the uterus every 15 minutes for 2 hours to assess the continued need for massage. Unfortunately, the knowledge and practice of obstetric providers toward active management of third stage of labour is disappointing when assessed as our country.  The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze knowledge and practice of active management of the third stage of labor among skilled birth attendants, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia September 12 to November 08,2019. Method: Facility based cross sectional study was conducted to health facilities in Adama town, among randomly selected 117 obstetric providers, from September 12 to November 08, 2017. By using pretested semi structured questionnaires for knowledge assessment and observation checklists for practice. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20 statistical software. Descriptive statistics was used for describing study participant and determining results. Binary logistic regression analysis was done and variable with p-value ?0.025 were entered into multi variable logistic regression analysis to characterize the association between the variables at P-value ? 0.05, at CI=95% for statistical significance. Result: 117 health care workers who works in Adama town health facility were included in the study with response rate of 100 % (n=117), Out of which, 66.7% (n=78) were females and 61.5 %( n=72) were from health center. The mean age was 32.38 with SD ±5.55 years. 37.6% and 28.3% obstetric providers had knowledge and good practice on components of AMTSL respectively. Age less than 30 was 2.76 times more [AOR=2.76(1.05-7.27)], being female was 3.83 times less [AOR=3.83(1.39-10.57)] and Working at heath center 5.76times less [AOR= 5.76(2.12-15.67)] associated with knowledge. In addition to that obstetric providers working at health center was 3.63 times less [AOR=3.63(1.57-8.41] associated to practice. Conclusion and recommendation: In this study, knowledge and practice of obstetric care providers towards active management of third stage of labor is still very low. Since there is knowledge and practice difference between hospital and health centers it is recommended to plan for experience sharing and on job training especially for health centers staff.&nbsp

Status and trends of physical activity surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries: Findings from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity—GoPA! 2015 and 2020 Surveys

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PA promotion. The aim of this paper was to assess the status and trends in PA surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries. METHODS: We used data from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) 2015 and 2020 surveys. Comprehensive searches were performed for each country to determine the level of development of their PA surveillance, policy, and research, and the findings were verified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Trends were analyzed based on the data available for both survey years. RESULTS: The global 5-year progress in all 3 indicators was modest, with most countries either improving or staying at the same level. PA surveillance, policy, and research improved or remained at a high level in 48.1%, 40.6%, and 42.1% of the countries, respectively. PA surveillance, policy, and research scores decreased or remained at a low level in 8.3%, 15.8%, and 28.6% of the countries, respectively. The highest capacity for PA promotion was found in Europe, the lowest in Africa and low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although a large percentage of the world's population benefit from at least some PA policy, surveillance, and research efforts in their countries, 49.6 million people are without PA surveillance, 629.4 million people are without PA policy, and 108.7 million live in countries without any PA research output. A total of 6.3 billion people or 88.2% of the world's population live in countries where PA promotion capacity should be significantly improved. CONCLUSION: Despite PA is essential for health, there are large inequalities between countries and world regions in their capacity to promote PA. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the inequalities and improve the global capacity for PA promotion

Assessment of Physical Activity Indicators for Children and Youth in Ethiopia: Evidence from the Global Matrix 3.0 Study (2017-2018)

Background: Regular physical activity is vital for children\u27s health, well-being, and development. However, evidence is scant about physical activity indicators for children and youth in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess physical activity indicators among children and youth in Ethiopia. Methods: This study was conducted as part of the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance\u27s Global Matrix 3.0 which included 49 countries. Data were collected from December 2017 to April 2018. The country research team included different disciplines related to physical activity. Data were retrieved from pre-reviewed literature, government policy documents, and an expert interview panel. Data were analyzed using the ten physical activity indicators for children and youth. The grading system was done through a harmonized process and the standard grading rubric of the Global Matrix 3.0 study ((A = ≥ 80%, B = 60%-79%, C = 40%-59%, D = 20%-39%, F = \u3c 20%, INC = incomplete data). Results: For the overall physical activity indicator, 28% of children and youth in Ethiopia met the recommended physical activity of 60 min per day which resulted in a D grade. Likewise, the school and government indicator received a D grade. Almost 32% of schools in Ethiopia had access to infrastructures and multipurpose spaces for physical activity including outdoor play. The government policy partially existed in the non-communicable diseases agenda but had less focus on children and youth. The active play indicator scored the highest grade of B. About 71% of children and youth were involved in active play for at least 2 h a day before, during, and after school. About 50% of children and youth were engaging in organized sport participation, and this indicator was graded a C. Similarly, 48% of children and youth walked to and from school as a means of active transportation resulting in a C for this indicator. Three indicators (sedentary behavior, family and peers, and community and environment) were graded as an F. Approximately 8% of children and youth were living in communities and environments that did not support opportunities for physical activity. Only 13% of children and youth spent less than 2 h per day in sedentary screen time. There was no adequate information to grade the physical fitness indicator. Conclusion: This study showed that Ethiopian\u27s children and youth have received low grades for majority of physical activity indicators. Therefore, urgent actions should be taken by the government, policymakers, researchers, and key stakeholders to address the suggested priority areas

Household’s behavioral factors on IAP in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.

Household’s behavioral factors on IAP in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.</p

Household’s sources of energy for cooking in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.

Household’s sources of energy for cooking in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.</p

Information sheet, consent form and English version questionnaires.

Information sheet, consent form and English version questionnaires.</p

Factors affecting household IAP prevention practices in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.

Factors affecting household IAP prevention practices in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.</p

Socio-demographic characteristics among households in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.

Socio-demographic characteristics among households in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.</p

Knowledge of IAP among mothers in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.

Knowledge of IAP among mothers in Olanchitiy town, East Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.</p