Interactive Attention Networks for Aspect-Level Sentiment Classification

Aspect-level sentiment classification aims at identifying the sentiment polarity of specific target in its context. Previous approaches have realized the importance of targets in sentiment classification and developed various methods with the goal of precisely modeling their contexts via generating target-specific representations. However, these studies always ignore the separate modeling of targets. In this paper, we argue that both targets and contexts deserve special treatment and need to be learned their own representations via interactive learning. Then, we propose the interactive attention networks (IAN) to interactively learn attentions in the contexts and targets, and generate the representations for targets and contexts separately. With this design, the IAN model can well represent a target and its collocative context, which is helpful to sentiment classification. Experimental results on SemEval 2014 Datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our model.Comment: Accepted by IJCAI 201

Does Market Welcome the International Convergence of Fair Value Standard in China?

This paper studies the international convergence of fair value measurement standard and examines market reactions towards the emergence of the standard in China. Through comparing the fair value measurement standard between IFRS 13 and newest Chinese accounting standard CAS 39, we find that CAS 39 is on the way of international convergence towards IFRS 13. Through examining market reactions to CAS 39, we find that market has significantly positive reactions to the draft version exposure, official announcement, and enforcement of CAS 39. Moreover, we find that investors have different attitudes to the applications of CAS 39 in financial and non-financial industries. Investors consistently support CAS 39 in non-financial industries. However, in financial industries, investors react positively in the draft version exposure of CAS 39, but negatively in the official announcement and enforcement of CAS 39. We believe that investors worry about the application of CAS 39 in Chinese financial industries

Experimental study of chemotherapy related leukocytopenia treated by various peroal leucocyte increasing drugs

Background: Clinically, the patients with significant WBC decrease are mostly administered G-CSF, this kind of drugs is expensive and adverse reactions are often seen. In contrast, oral leucocyte increasing drug has small adverse reactions, can be used for longer time and can improve the continuity and stability of treatment. The experimental study based on study of mouse was to evaluate the effects of treatment and chemotherapy of related leukocytopenia by five kinds of commonly used peroal leucocyte increasing drugs.Materials and Methods: We prepared mice chemotherapy related leukocytopenia model by cyclophosphamide intraperitoneal injection, the positive control drug is G-CSF, respectively fill five kinds of peroal Leucocyte increasing drugs (Qijiao Shengbai Capsule, Weixuening Granule, Compound Zaofan Pill, Berbamine and Leucogen Tablets) in the stomach, the experimental group was divided into normal control group (group A), model group (group B), positive control group (Group rhG-CSF, group C) and treatment groups (group D-H), and treatment groups were divided into Qijiao Shengbai Capsule group (group D), Weixuening Granule group (group E), Compound Zaofan Pill group (group F), Berbamine Tablet group (group G) and Leucogen Tablet group (group H). Calculate the death rate, blood routine and important visceral organ index in each group..Results: The death rate of mice in each group has no significant difference (P>0.05). WBC of B, D, E and F groups was significantly lower than that of group A (P<0.05 or P<0.01). WBC of C, G and H groups was significantly higher than those of group B (P<0.01). WBC of D, E and F groups was significantly lower than that of group C (P<0.01). WBC of G and H groups was significantly higher than that of D and F groups (P<0.01), WBC of group H is significantly higher than that of group E (P<0.05). RBC of group F, G and H groups was significantly higher than that of group D (P<0.05 or P<0.01). HB of group H is significantly higher than that of group A (P<0.01). HB of C, G and H groups was significantly higher than that of group B (P average <0.01). HB of D, E and F groups was significantly lower than that of group C (P<0.05 or P<0.01). HB of G and H groups was significantly higher than that of D, E and F groups (P average <0.01). PLT of group H was significantly higher than that of group B (P average <0.05). PLT of F, G and H groups was significantly higher than that of group D (P<0.01). Lung index of group G was significantly higher than that of D, E, F and H groups (P<0.01). Liver index of group H is significantly higher than that of group D (P<0.05). Thymus index of G and H groups is significantly higher than that of group F (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions: Among all drugs of rising WBC, G-CSF owns strongest effect. In oral drug groups, WBC rising effect of Leucogen Tablets is best, RBC, HB and PLT improvement effect of Berbamine and Leucogen Tablets is best. In addition, Berbamine and Leucogen Tablets respectively caused significant increase of lung and liver index, what indicates that, the two drugs may be accompanied by relevant viscera damage. At the same time, the two drugs also  increased thymus index, which indirectly indicates that, the immunity and regulation abilities of Berbamine and Leucogen Tablets are stronger. The spleen index of Qijiao Shengbai Capsule group was significantly higher than that of Berbamine Tablet and Leucogen Tablet groups, what indicates that, the immunity and regulation abilities of Qijiao Shengbai Capsule may be stronger in oral drug group.Keywords: leucocyte increasing drugs; chemotherapy; leukocytopenia; mous

Indocyanine Green-Loaded Polydopamine-Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites with Amplifying Photoacoustic and Photothermal Effects for Cancer Theranostics

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) as light-induced theranostic platforms have been attracted much attention in recent years. However, the development of highly efficient and integrated phototheranostic nanoagents for amplifying PA imaging and PTT treatments poses great challenges. Here, we report a novel phototheranostic nanoagent using indocyanine green-loaded polydopamine-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (ICG-PDA-rGO) with amplifying PA and PTT effects for cancer theranostics. The results demonstrate that the PDA layer coating on the surface of rGO could effectively absorb a large number of ICG molecules, quench ICG's fluorescence, and enhance the PDA-rGO's optical absorption at 780 nm. The obtained ICG-PDA-rGO exhibits stronger PTT effect and higher PA contrast than that of pure GO and PDA-rGO. After PA imaging-guided PTT treatments, the tumors in 4T1 breast subcutaneous and orthotopic mice models are suppressed completely and no treatment-induced toxicity being observed. It illustrates that the ICG-PDA-rGO nanocomposites constitute a new class of theranostic nanomedicine for amplifying PA imaging and PTT treatments

Conformal Isometry of Lie Group Representation in Recurrent Network of Grid Cells

The activity of the grid cell population in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) of the mammalian brain forms a vector representation of the self-position of the animal. Recurrent neural networks have been proposed to explain the properties of the grid cells by updating the neural activity vector based on the velocity input of the animal. In doing so, the grid cell system effectively performs path integration. In this paper, we investigate the algebraic, geometric, and topological properties of grid cells using recurrent network models. Algebraically, we study the Lie group and Lie algebra of the recurrent transformation as a representation of self-motion. Geometrically, we study the conformal isometry of the Lie group representation where the local displacement of the activity vector in the neural space is proportional to the local displacement of the agent in the 2D physical space. Topologically, the compact abelian Lie group representation automatically leads to the torus topology commonly assumed and observed in neuroscience. We then focus on a simple non-linear recurrent model that underlies the continuous attractor neural networks of grid cells. Our numerical experiments show that conformal isometry leads to hexagon periodic patterns in the grid cell responses and our model is capable of accurate path integration. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/DehongXu/grid-cell-rnn}

Endoscopic rhizotomy for chronic lumbar zygapophysial joint pain.

BACKGROUND: Chronic lumbar zygapophysial joint pain is a common cause of chronic low back pain. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is one of the effective management options; however, the results from the traditional RFA need to be improved in certain cases. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation under endoscopic guidance (ERFA) for chronic low back pain secondary to facet joint arthritis. METHODS: This is a prospective study enrolled 60 patients. The cases were randomized into two groups: 30 patients in the control group underwent traditional percutaneous radiofrequency ablation, others underwent ERFA. The lumbar visual analog scale (VAS), MacNab score, and postoperative complications were used to evaluate the outcomes. All outcome assessments were performed at postoperative 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. RESULTS: There was no difference between the two groups in preoperative VAS (P \u3e 0.05). VAS scores, except the postoperative first day, in all other postoperative time points were significantly lower than preoperative values each in both groups (P \u3c 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in VAS at 1 day, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery (P \u3e 0.05). However, the EFRA demonstrated significant benefits at the time points of 3 months and 6 months (P \u3e 0.05). The MacNab scores of 1-year follow-up in the ERFA group were higher than that in the control group (P \u3c 0.05). The incidence of complications in the ERFA group was significantly less than that in the control group (P \u3c 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ERFA may achieve more accurate and definite denervation on the nerves, which leads to longer lasting pain relief

Conformal Normalization in Recurrent Neural Network of Grid Cells

Grid cells in the entorhinal cortex of the mammalian brain exhibit striking hexagon firing patterns in their response maps as the animal (e.g., a rat) navigates in a 2D open environment. The responses of the population of grid cells collectively form a vector in a high-dimensional neural activity space, and this vector represents the self-position of the agent in the 2D physical space. As the agent moves, the vector is transformed by a recurrent neural network that takes the velocity of the agent as input. In this paper, we propose a simple and general conformal normalization of the input velocity for the recurrent neural network, so that the local displacement of the position vector in the high-dimensional neural space is proportional to the local displacement of the agent in the 2D physical space, regardless of the direction of the input velocity. Our numerical experiments on the minimally simple linear and non-linear recurrent networks show that conformal normalization leads to the emergence of the hexagon grid patterns. Furthermore, we derive a new theoretical understanding that connects conformal normalization to the emergence of hexagon grid patterns in navigation tasks

A conjugate study of the polar ionospheric F2-layer and IRI-2007 at 75° magnetic latitude for solar minimum

Long-duration conjugate observations by the EISCAT Svalbard Radar (ESR) and the ionosonde at Zhongshan station from the International Polar Year (IPY) during solar minimum conditions are analyzed, with respect to variability in the F2-layer peak parameters. A comparison between International Reference Ionosphere- 2007 (IRI-2007) and observation data clearly demonstrates good agreement in summer, but greater deviations in winter. The IRI model reproduces the F2 peak parameters dominated by solar photoionization reasonably well, but it does not address the effect of electron precipitation. Hence, the discrepancies become large in the winter auroral ionosphere